设计模式-中介者（调停者）模式（行为型）

news2024/12/26 14:07:17

中介者模式

中介者模式是一种行为型模式，又叫调停者模式，它是为了解决多个对象之间，多个类之间通信的复杂性，定义一个中介者对象来封装一些列对象之间的交互，使各个对象之间不同持有对方的引用就可以实现交互，降低耦合度；实际开发中，消息队列、服务注册中心、MVC框架中的controller都是中介者；

图解

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角色

同事对象：定义抽象接口，用于与中介者进行通信，一般是一个发送消息的接口，一个接收消息的接口
具体同事对象：实现同事对象抽象接口，具体发送、接收消息的逻辑
中介者：定义要给抽象接口用于与同事对象进行通信
具体中介者：实现同事之间通信的逻辑

案例1-中介者持有同事对象的引用

中介者

public interface Mediator {
    void execute();
}
/** 实现1*/
public class AllPersonMediator implements Mediator {
    private List<Person> personList;
    public AllPersonMediator(List<Person> personList) {
        this.personList = personList;
    }
    @Override
    public void execute() {
        System.out.println("开家长会啦：");
        personList.forEach(item -> System.out.println(item.getName()));

    }
}
/** 实现2*/
public class TeacherByTeacherMediator implements Mediator {
    private Person p1;
    private Person p2;
    public TeacherByTeacherMediator(Teacher p1, Teacher p2) {
        this.p1 = p1;
        this.p2 = p2;
    }
    @Override
    public void execute() {
        System.out.println(p1.getName()+"和" + p2.getName() + "两个老师之间的协同的任务");
    }
}
/** 实现3*/
public class TeacherAndStudentAndParentsMediator implements Mediator {
    private Person p1;
    private Person p2;
    private Person p3;

    public TeacherAndStudentAndParentsMediator(Teacher p1, Student p2, Parents p3) {
        this.p1 = p1;
        this.p2 = p2;
        this.p3 = p3;
    }
    @Override
    public void execute() {
        System.out.println("老师"+p1.getName()+"通知家长"+p3.getName() +"学生" +p2.getName()+ "成绩不及格！");
    }
}

同事类：

public abstract class Person {
   private String name;

   public Person(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
}

public class Student extends Person {
    public Student(String name) {
        super(name);
    }
}

public class Student extends Person {
    public Student(String name) {
        super(name);
    }
}

public class Parents extends Person {
    public Parents(String name) {
        super(name);
    }
}

测试类：

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Teacher t1 = new Teacher("王老师");
        Teacher t2 = new Teacher("刘老师");
        Student s1 = new Student("小明");
        Parents p1 = new Parents("小明爸爸");

        TeacherByStudentMediator teacherByTeacherMediator = new TeacherByStudentMediator(t1, s1);
        teacherByTeacherMediator.execute();

        TeacherAndStudentAndParentsMediator teacherAndStudentAndParentsMediator = new TeacherAndStudentAndParentsMediator(t1, s1, p1);
        teacherAndStudentAndParentsMediator.execute();

        List<Person> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(t1);
        list.add(t2);
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(p1);

        AllPersonMediator allPersonMediator = new AllPersonMediator(list);
        allPersonMediator.execute();
    }
}

案例2-同事类持有中介者的引用

中介者

public interface SimpleMediator {
    Queue<Client> queue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
    void add(Client c);
    Client get();
}
/** 实现*/
public class MessageSimpleMediator implements SimpleMediator{
    @Override
    public void add(Client c) {
        queue.add(c);
    }
    @Override
    public Client get() {
        return queue.poll();
    }
}

同事类

public abstract class Client<T> {
    protected String name;
    protected T message;
    protected SimpleMediator simpleMediator;

    public Client(String name, T message, SimpleMediator simpleMediator) {
        this.name = name;
        this.message = message;
        this.simpleMediator = simpleMediator;
    }

    public Client(String name, SimpleMediator simpleMediator) {
        this.name = name;
        this.simpleMediator = simpleMediator;
    }

    /** 发送消息*/
    abstract void sent();

    /** 获取消息*/
    abstract void get();

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public T getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(T message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

public class ReceiverClient extends Client<String>{

    public ReceiverClient(String name, SimpleMediator simpleMediator) {
        super(name, simpleMediator);
    }

    @Override
    void sent() {
        new RuntimeException("这是接收消息的客户端");
    }

    @Override
    void get() {
        Client client = simpleMediator.get();
        System.out.println("发送人：" + client.getName());
        System.out.println("发送内容：" + client.getMessage());
    }
}

public class SenderClient extends Client<String>{

    public SenderClient(String name, String message, SimpleMediator simpleMediator) {
        super(name, message, simpleMediator);
    }

    @Override
    void sent() {
        simpleMediator.add(this);
        System.out.println("消息发送成功！");    }


    @Override
    void get() {
        new RuntimeException("这是接收消息的客户端");
    }
}

测试类：

public class Test02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MessageSimpleMediator messageSimpleMediator = new MessageSimpleMediator();
        SenderClient C1 = new SenderClient("发送消息的客户端1", "发送的内容", messageSimpleMediator);
        SenderClient C2 = new SenderClient("发送消息的客户端2", "发送的内容", messageSimpleMediator);
        SenderClient C3 = new SenderClient("发送消息的客户端3", "发送的内容", messageSimpleMediator);
        ReceiverClient R3 = new ReceiverClient("接收消息的客户端",  messageSimpleMediator);

        C1.sent();
        C2.sent();
        C3.sent();

        while (messageSimpleMediator.queue.size() > 0){
            R3.get();
        }
    }
}