prometheus docker部署

news2024/11/18 1:27:04
1.安装Docker
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
	"registry-mirrors":["https://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
}
EOF
export DOWNLOAD_URL="https://hub-mirror.163.com/docker-ce"
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ |sh
检查docker版本查看是否安装成功
docker -v
安装Docker-compose
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

检查版本

docker-compose -v

2.安装prometheus

通过克隆gitee的代码来进行安装Prometheus

因为docker-compose安装Prometheus需要进行大量的配置,这里推荐直接从gitee上克隆已经配置好的docker-compose文件

mkdir /data

cd /data

git clone https://gitee.com/linge365/docker-prometheus.git

cd docker-prometheus

当然以上这一步需要安装git,也可以直接访问https://gitee.com/linge365/docker-prometheus.git 下载对应的压缩包,解压后移动到/data目录下即可

运行prometheus

运行命令

cd /data/docker-prometheus

docker-compose up -d

检查是否运行成功

查看正在运行的docker容器

docker ps
[root@node1 bak]#  docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                              COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
932d17a43046   grafana/grafana:9.4.3              "/run.sh"                4 hours ago     Up 15 seconds   0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, :::3000->3000/tcp              grafana
69256ba5c47e   prom/prometheus:v2.37.6            "/bin/prometheus --c…"   4 hours ago     Up 16 seconds   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp              prometheus
dbf5c7d39319   google/cadvisor:latest             "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…"   4 hours ago     Up 15 seconds   8080/tcp                                               cadvisor
e9b1088b5767   prom/alertmanager:v0.25.0          "/bin/alertmanager -…"   4 hours ago     Up 15 seconds   0.0.0.0:9093->9093/tcp, :::9093->9093/tcp              alertmanager
b41ff00ca41b   prom/node-exporter:v1.5.0          "/bin/node_exporter …"   4 hours ago     Up 16 seconds   0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp, :::9100->9100/tcp              node-exporter

到这里对应的容器就全部启动了,这里需要将对应的端口开放进行访问(云服务器需要开放对应的安全组或者防火墙),然后通过服务器ip+端口号在浏览器中即可访问.(很重要)

web访问地址

应用

访问地址

备注

prometheus

http://127.0.0.1:9090

无用户和密码

grafana

http://127.0.0.1:3000

admin/XXX

altermanager

http://127.0.0.1:9093

无用户和密码

node-exporter

http://127.0.0.1:9100/metrics

无用户和密码

遇到问题了，我再本机可以访问这些端口，但是再其他机器上无法访问端口，

1.防火墙拦截

  查看防火墙状态firewall-cmd --state

  关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld.service

  禁止防火墙开机启动systemctl disable firewalld.service

  或者打开防火墙，但防火墙开放映射的端口

  firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3000/tcp --permanent

  firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9000/tcp --permanent

  firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9090/tcp --permanent

  firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9100/tcp --permanent 等等

2.没有开启ip转发

  查看是否开启

# 1.查看是否开启，若不等于1则没有开启
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward
# 2.修改sysctl.conf文件开启
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# 3，配置=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# 4. 重启网络，让配置生效
systemctl restart network
# 5.再次查看是否等于1
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward

3.做完上述操作，一定要systemctl restart docker  。否则也不会好使。

3.检查各个端口程序

3.1grafana

这里grafana的配置文件中默认配置的密码为password,所以直接输入admin/password即可访问成功.

添加数据源

在下方齿轮图标选择添加数据源

选择Prometheus作为数据源

填写Prometheus的地址,这里的ip需要将服务名作为地址填写在URL中 我填写的内容是http://10.23.3.2:9090

下滑到最下方测试并保存

导入仪表盘

选择左边仪表盘图标点击导入

这里需要导入一个仪表盘的URL或者id

我填写的是1860

也可以直接访问https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/路径进入官网进行复制,直接选择Node Exproter Full

选择Copy ID

然后粘贴到刚刚的输入框中,点击加载(Load)按钮

然后选择Prometheus作为数据源

点击导入,即可进入仪表盘界面

8919的界面

16098  job分组的

添加精简导出器

我这边根据网络上面的dashardboard进行修改，使用在工作中的dashboard如下图。

在import中不输入1860，而是在下面json中输入一下内容

{
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": "-- Grafana --",
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "description": "node-exporter",
  "editable": true,
  "gnetId": 8919,
  "graphTooltip": 1,
  "id": 131,
  "iteration": 1569546050404,
  "links": [],
  "panels": [
    {
      "collapsed": false,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 180,
      "panels": [],
      "repeat": null,
      "title": "基础信息",
      "type": "row"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorPostfix": false,
      "colorPrefix": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": 1,
      "description": "",
      "format": "s",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": false,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 2,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 1
      },
      "hideTimeOverride": true,
      "id": 15,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": false
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "time() - node_boot_time_seconds{instance=~\"$instance\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 40
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "1,2",
      "title": "系统运行时间",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "100%",
      "valueMaps": [
        {
          "op": "=",
          "text": "N/A",
          "value": "null"
        }
      ],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorPostfix": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "description": "",
      "format": "short",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": false,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 2,
        "w": 2,
        "x": 2,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 14,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 4,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": false
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\", mode='system',job=\"$job\"}) by (cpu))",
          "format": "time_series",
          "instant": true,
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 20
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "1,2",
      "title": "CPU 核数",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "100%",
      "valueMaps": [
        {
          "op": "=",
          "text": "N/A",
          "value": "null"
        }
      ],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": 2,
      "description": "",
      "format": "percent",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": true,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 3,
        "x": 4,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 167,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 2,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": true
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "100 - (avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\",mode=\"idle\",job=\"$job\"}[1m])) * 100)",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "interval": "",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 20
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "50,80",
      "title": "CPU使用率（1m）",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "80%",
      "valueMaps": [
        {
          "op": "=",
          "text": "N/A",
          "value": "null"
        }
      ],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": 2,
      "description": "",
      "format": "percent",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": true,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 3,
        "x": 7,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 20,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 2,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": true
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\",mode=\"iowait\",job=\"$job\"}[1m])) * 100",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "interval": "",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 20
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "10,20",
      "title": "CPU iowait（1m）",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "80%",
      "valueMaps": [
        {
          "op": "=",
          "text": "N/A",
          "value": "null"
        }
      ],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": 0,
      "description": "",
      "format": "percent",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": true,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 3,
        "x": 10,
        "y": 1
      },
      "hideTimeOverride": false,
      "id": 172,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 4,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": true
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "(1 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"})))* 100",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "interval": "10s",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 20
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "80,90",
      "title": "内存使用率",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "80%",
      "valueMaps": [],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorPostfix": false,
      "colorPrefix": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": 2,
      "description": "",
      "format": "short",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 10000,
        "minValue": null,
        "show": true,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 3,
        "x": 13,
        "y": 1
      },
      "hideTimeOverride": false,
      "id": 16,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 4,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": true
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "node_filefd_allocated{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "instant": false,
          "interval": "10s",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "refId": "B"
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "7000,9000",
      "title": "当前打开的文件描述符",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "70%",
      "valueMaps": [],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": null,
      "description": "",
      "format": "percent",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": true,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 16,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 166,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 4,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "repeatDirection": "h",
      "sparkline": {
        "fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
        "full": false,
        "lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
        "show": true
      },
      "tableColumn": "",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "100 - ((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\",job=\"$job\"} * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes {instance=~\"$instance\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\",job=\"$job\"})",
          "format": "time_series",
          "interval": "10s",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 20
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": "70,90",
      "title": "根分区使用率",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "singlestat",
      "valueFontSize": "80%",
      "valueMaps": [
        {
          "op": "=",
          "text": "N/A",
          "value": "null"
        }
      ],
      "valueName": "current"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "colorBackground": false,
      "colorValue": true,
      "colors": [
        "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
        "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
        "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
      ],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "decimals": null,
      "description": "通过变量maxmount获取最大的分区。",
      "format": "percent",
      "gauge": {
        "maxValue": 100,
        "minValue": 0,
        "show": true,
        "thresholdLabels": false,
        "thresholdMarkers": true
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 5,
        "w": 4,
        "x": 20,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 154,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "mappingType": 1,
      "mappingTypes": [
        {
          "name": "value to text",
          "value": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "range to text",
          "value": 2
        }
      ],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "minSpan": 4,
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "nullText": null,
      "postfix": "",
      "postfixFontSize": "50%",
      "prefix": "",
      "prefixFontSize": "50%",
      "rangeMaps": [
        {
          "from": "null",
          "text": "N/A",
          "to": "null"
        }
      ],
      "repeat": null,
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          "expr": "irate(node_disk_write_time_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"}[1m])",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "{{device}}_写入",
          "refId": "C"
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "磁盘IO读写时间",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "s",
          "label": "读取（-）/写入（+）",
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": false
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    },
    {
      "columns": [],
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "fontSize": "120%",
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 18,
        "y": 15
      },
      "id": 164,
      "links": [],
      "pageSize": null,
      "scroll": true,
      "showHeader": true,
      "sort": {
        "col": 4,
        "desc": false
      },
      "styles": [
        {
          "alias": "Time",
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "pattern": "Time",
          "type": "hidden"
        },
        {
          "alias": "分区",
          "colorMode": null,
          "colors": [
            "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
            "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
          ],
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "decimals": 2,
          "mappingType": 1,
          "pattern": "mountpoint",
          "thresholds": [
            ""
          ],
          "type": "string",
          "unit": "bytes"
        },
        {
          "alias": "可用空间",
          "colorMode": "value",
          "colors": [
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
            "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
            "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
          ],
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "decimals": 2,
          "mappingType": 1,
          "pattern": "Value #A",
          "thresholds": [
            "10000000000",
            "20000000000"
          ],
          "type": "number",
          "unit": "bytes"
        },
        {
          "alias": "使用率",
          "colorMode": "cell",
          "colors": [
            "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
            "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
          ],
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "decimals": 2,
          "mappingType": 1,
          "pattern": "Value #B",
          "thresholds": [
            "70",
            "90"
          ],
          "type": "number",
          "unit": "percentunit"
        },
        {
          "alias": "磁盘日增长率",
          "colorMode": "cell",
          "colors": [
            "#0a50a1",
            "#7eb26d",
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
          ],
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "decimals": 1,
          "link": false,
          "mappingType": 1,
          "pattern": "Value #C",
          "thresholds": [
            "0",
            "10"
          ],
          "type": "number",
          "unit": "percentunit"
        },
        {
          "alias": "文件系统",
          "colorMode": null,
          "colors": [
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
            "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
            "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
          ],
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "decimals": 2,
          "link": false,
          "mappingType": 1,
          "pattern": "fstype",
          "thresholds": [],
          "type": "hidden",
          "unit": "short"
        },
        {
          "alias": "IP",
          "colorMode": null,
          "colors": [
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
            "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
            "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
          ],
          "dateFormat": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss",
          "decimals": 2,
          "link": false,
          "mappingType": 1,
          "pattern": "instance",
          "thresholds": [],
          "type": "hidden",
          "unit": "short"
        },
        {
          "alias": "",
          "colorMode": null,
          "colors": [
            "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
            "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
            "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
          ],
          "decimals": 2,
          "pattern": "/.*/",
          "preserveFormat": true,
          "sanitize": false,
          "thresholds": [],
          "type": "hidden",
          "unit": "short"
        }
      ],
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "node_filesystem_avail_bytes {instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "interval": "10s",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "expr": "1-(node_filesystem_free_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"})",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "B"
        },
        {
          "expr": "((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} offset 1d -  node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}  )  / node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} * 100 ) ",
          "format": "table",
          "hide": false,
          "instant": true,
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "C"
        }
      ],
      "title": "各分区可用空间",
      "transform": "table",
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "table"
    },
    {
      "collapsed": false,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 23
      },
      "id": 184,
      "panels": [],
      "title": "Network",
      "type": "row"
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "fill": 1,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 24
      },
      "height": "300",
      "id": 157,
      "legend": {
        "alignAsTable": true,
        "avg": false,
        "current": true,
        "hideEmpty": true,
        "hideZero": true,
        "max": false,
        "min": false,
        "rightSide": false,
        "show": true,
        "sort": "current",
        "sortDesc": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": true
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 2,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "percentage": false,
      "pointradius": 5,
      "points": false,
      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [
        {
          "alias": "/.*_out上传$/",
          "transform": "negative-Y"
        }
      ],
      "spaceLength": 10,
      "stack": false,
      "steppedLine": false,
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "irate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])*8",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "{{device}}_in下载",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 4
        },
        {
          "expr": "irate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])*8",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "{{device}}_out上传",
          "refId": "B",
          "step": 4
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "网络流量",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "bps",
          "label": "上传（-）/下载（+）",
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": false
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "fill": 1,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 6,
        "y": 24
      },
      "height": "300",
      "id": 185,
      "legend": {
        "alignAsTable": true,
        "avg": false,
        "current": true,
        "hideEmpty": true,
        "hideZero": true,
        "max": false,
        "min": false,
        "rightSide": false,
        "show": true,
        "sort": "current",
        "sortDesc": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": true
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 2,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "percentage": false,
      "pointradius": 5,
      "points": false,
      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [
        {
          "alias": "/.*_out上传$/",
          "transform": "negative-Y"
        }
      ],
      "spaceLength": 10,
      "stack": false,
      "steppedLine": false,
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "irate(node_network_receive_packets_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "{{device}}_接收包",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 4
        },
        {
          "expr": "irate(node_network_transmit_packets_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "{{device}}_发送包",
          "refId": "B",
          "step": 4
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "网络包",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "transparent": true,
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": "上传（-）/下载（+）",
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": false
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {
        "TCP": "#6ED0E0"
      },
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "Prometheus",
      "description": "CurrEstab - 当前状态为 ESTABLISHED 或 CLOSE-WAIT 的 TCP 连接数\n\nActiveOpens - 已从 CLOSED 状态直接转换到 SYN-SENT 状态的 TCP 平均连接数(1分钟内)\n\nPassiveOpens - 已从 LISTEN 状态直接转换到 SYN-RCVD 状态的 TCP 平均连接数(1分钟内)\n\nTCP_alloc - 已分配（已建立、已申请到sk_buff）的TCP套接字数量\n\nTCP_inuse - 正在使用（正在侦听）的TCP套接字数量\n\nTCP_tw - 等待关闭的TCP连接数",
      "fill": 0,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 12,
        "y": 24
      },
      "height": "300",
      "id": 158,
      "legend": {
        "alignAsTable": true,
        "avg": false,
        "current": true,
        "max": false,
        "min": false,
        "rightSide": true,
        "show": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": true
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 1,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "percentage": false,
      "pointradius": 5,
      "points": false,
      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [],
      "spaceLength": 10,
      "stack": false,
      "steppedLine": false,
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "node_netstat_Tcp_CurrEstab{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "interval": "10s",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "ESTABLISHED",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 20
        },
        {
          "expr": "node_sockstat_TCP_tw{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "TCP_tw",
          "refId": "D"
        },
        {
          "expr": "irate(node_netstat_Tcp_ActiveOpens{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}[1m])",
          "format": "time_series",
          "hide": false,
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "ActiveOpens",
          "refId": "B"
        },
        {
          "expr": "irate(node_netstat_Tcp_PassiveOpens{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}[1m])",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "PassiveOpens",
          "refId": "C"
        },
        {
          "expr": "node_sockstat_TCP_alloc{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "TCP_alloc",
          "refId": "E"
        },
        {
          "expr": "node_sockstat_TCP_inuse{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "TCP_inuse",
          "refId": "F"
        },
        {
          "expr": "node_tcp_connection_states{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "{{state}}",
          "refId": "G"
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "TCP 连接情况",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "transparent": false,
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    }
  ],
  "refresh": false,
  "schemaVersion": 16,
  "style": "dark",
  "tags": [
    "Prometheus",
    "node_exporter",
    "StarsL.cn"
  ],
  "templating": {
    "list": [
      {
        "auto": true,
        "auto_count": 10,
        "auto_min": "10s",
        "current": {
          "selected": true,
          "text": "30s",
          "value": "30s"
        },
        "hide": 0,
        "label": "interval",
        "name": "interval",
        "options": [
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "auto",
            "value": "$__auto_interval_interval"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "5s",
            "value": "5s"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "10s",
            "value": "10s"
          },
          {
            "selected": true,
            "text": "30s",
            "value": "30s"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "1m",
            "value": "1m"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "10m",
            "value": "10m"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "30m",
            "value": "30m"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "1h",
            "value": "1h"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "6h",
            "value": "6h"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "12h",
            "value": "12h"
          },
          {
            "selected": false,
            "text": "1d",
            "value": "1d"
          }
        ],
        "query": "5s,10s,30s,1m,10m,30m,1h,6h,12h,1d",
        "refresh": 2,
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "type": "interval"
      },
      {
        "allValue": null,
        "current": {
          "text": "node-exporter",
          "value": "node-exporter"
        },
        "datasource": "Prometheus",
        "definition": "label_values(node_uname_info, job)",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": false,
        "label": null,
        "multi": false,
        "name": "job",
        "options": [
          {
            "selected": true,
            "text": "node-exporter",
            "value": "node-exporter"
          }
        ],
        "query": "label_values(node_uname_info, job)",
        "refresh": 0,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "tagValuesQuery": "",
        "tags": [],
        "tagsQuery": "",
        "type": "query",
        "useTags": false
      },
      {
        "allFormat": "glob",
        "allValue": null,
        "current": {
          "tags": [],
          "text": "172.16.21.197:20001",
          "value": [
            "172.16.21.197:20001"
          ]
        },
        "datasource": "Prometheus",
        "definition": "label_values(node_uname_info,instance)",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": false,
        "label": "instance",
        "multi": true,
        "multiFormat": "regex values",
        "name": "instance",
        "options": [],
        "query": "label_values(node_uname_info,instance)",
        "refresh": 2,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 1,
        "tagValuesQuery": "",
        "tags": [],
        "tagsQuery": "",
        "type": "query",
        "useTags": false
      },
      {
        "allValue": null,
        "current": {
          "text": "/",
          "value": "/"
        },
        "datasource": "Prometheus",
        "definition": "query_result(topk(1, sort_desc(max by (mountpoint) (node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}))))",
        "hide": 2,
        "includeAll": false,
        "label": "",
        "multi": false,
        "name": "maxmount",
        "options": [],
        "query": "query_result(topk(1, sort_desc(max by (mountpoint) (node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}))))",
        "refresh": 2,
        "regex": "/.*=\\\"(.*)\\\".*/",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "tagValuesQuery": "",
        "tags": [],
        "tagsQuery": "",
        "type": "query",
        "useTags": false
      },
      {
        "datasource": "prometheus_111",
        "filters": [],
        "hide": 0,
        "label": "",
        "name": "Filters",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "type": "adhoc"
      }
    ]
  },
  "time": {
    "from": "now-24h",
    "to": "now"
  },
  "timepicker": {
    "now": true,
    "refresh_intervals": [
      "5s",
      "10s",
      "30s",
      "1m",
      "5m",
      "15m",
      "30m",
      "1h",
      "2h",
      "1d"
    ],
    "time_options": [
      "5m",
      "15m",
      "1h",
      "6h",
      "12h",
      "24h",
      "2d",
      "7d",
      "30d"
    ]
  },
  "timezone": "browser",
  "title": "node-exporter",
  "uid": "node-exporter",
  "version": 49
}

3.2 prometheus界面使用

访问http://10.23.3.2:9090/

查看监控主机列表

点击status—targets

可以看刚安装好的prometheus只有自己服务器的监控

查看监控指标

点击图中的endpoint下面的链接即可

于图中的链接是localhost，我们点开后会报错的，

因此我们需要填写正真的prometheus的ip地址才能看到监控指标页面

http://10.23.3.2:9090/metrics

解决监控指标页面为localhost问题

/home/prometheus/docker-prometheus/prometheus

1.修改主配置文件prometheus.yml 
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml 
 
- job_name: 'prometheus'
 
    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.
 
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.81.250:9090']				#将这里的ip由localhost改为prometheus的真实ip
    
2.重启prometheus

[root@node1 prometheus]#  docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                              COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS             PORTS                                                  NAMES
932d17a43046   grafana/grafana:9.4.3              "/run.sh"                6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, :::3000->3000/tcp              grafana
69256ba5c47e   prom/prometheus:v2.37.6            "/bin/prometheus --c…"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp              prometheus
dbf5c7d39319   google/cadvisor:latest             "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   8080/tcp                                               cadvisor
e9b1088b5767   prom/alertmanager:v0.25.0          "/bin/alertmanager -…"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:9093->9093/tcp, :::9093->9093/tcp              alertmanager
b41ff00ca41b   prom/node-exporter:v1.5.0          "/bin/node_exporter …"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp, :::9100->9100/tcp              node-exporter
a04f2f382035   zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql:latest   "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…"   10 months ago   Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:10051->10051/tcp, :::10051->10051/tcp          zabbix-proxy-mysql
8b7d10763fb5   k2jeans/mysql                      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   10 months ago   Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql-server
[root@node1 prometheus]# docker restart 69256ba5c47e

我们看到已经不是localhost或是其他的了，点开即可查看

3.3 安装node_exporter组件监控Linux主机

在主机10.23.3.1（linux）

wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.1/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir /data
tar -xvf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data
cd /data
mv node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64 node_exporter
cd node_exporter/
nohup /data/node_exporter/node_exporter &
netstat -anp | grep 9100

安装好node_exporter后访问本机9100端口下的metrics目录即可看到监控数据

http://10.23.3.1:9100/metrics

在prometheus-server上添加监控主机

我们在本机开启node_exporter后需要在prometheus server上进行配置，最终实现在prometheus页面看到监控主机的信息

1.配置prometheus
[root@prometheus-server ~]# cd /data/prometheus/
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml 
  - job_name: "10.23.3.1"
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.23.3.1:9100']	

2.重启prometheus
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# ps aux | grep prometheus | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# ./prometheus --config.file="/data/prometheus/prometheus.yml" &


解释：
job_name: "linux3.1"
    #起一个监控主机的名称，我们这里以ip地址为名
    
targets: ['10.23.3.1:9100']    
    #监控主机的地址

重启prometheus容器

[root@node1 prometheus]#  docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                              COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS             PORTS                                                  NAMES
932d17a43046   grafana/grafana:9.4.3              "/run.sh"                6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, :::3000->3000/tcp              grafana
69256ba5c47e   prom/prometheus:v2.37.6            "/bin/prometheus --c…"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp              prometheus
dbf5c7d39319   google/cadvisor:latest             "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   8080/tcp                                               cadvisor
e9b1088b5767   prom/alertmanager:v0.25.0          "/bin/alertmanager -…"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:9093->9093/tcp, :::9093->9093/tcp              alertmanager
b41ff00ca41b   prom/node-exporter:v1.5.0          "/bin/node_exporter …"   6 hours ago     Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp, :::9100->9100/tcp              node-exporter
a04f2f382035   zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql:latest   "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…"   10 months ago   Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:10051->10051/tcp, :::10051->10051/tcp          zabbix-proxy-mysql
8b7d10763fb5   k2jeans/mysql                      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   10 months ago   Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql-server
[root@node1 prometheus]# docker restart 69256ba5c47e
查看prometheus页面是否添加主机

点击status—targets

成功添加

扩展：prometheus添加分组主机

在监控主机安装node_exporter

我们有10.23.2.3、10.23.3.4两台主机，可以将这两台主机添加到一个组里面

分别在这两台上安装node_exporter

两台都执行以下操作


1.安装node_exporter
[root@grafana ~]# tar xf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data
[root@grafana ~]# cd /data
[root@grafana data]# mv node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64/ node_exporter
 
2.启动node_exporter
[root@grafana data]# cd node_exporter
[root@grafana node_exporter]# nohup /data/node_exporter/node_exporter &
 
3.查看端口
[root@grafana node_exporter]# netstat -lnpt | grep 9100
配置prometheus
[root@node1 prometheus]# pwd
/home/prometheus/docker-prometheus/prometheus



vim prometheus.yml 
  - job_name: "Tomcat"
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.23.3.3:9100']
    - targets: ['10.23.3.4:9100']
 
注释：
    当job_name下面有多个targets时，则当前job_name不再是一台主机的名称，而是下面所有targets的名称，也就是分组名

页面添加主机分组成功

点击status—targets

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