BGP大型实验

news2024/11/28 7:37:17

一.实验拓扑

二.实验要求

1.As1中存在两个环回个地址为192.168.1.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告；

AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24，不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两个环回可以ping通；

2.整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划分;并且其内部配置OSPF协议；

3.AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制;

4.使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问；

5.减少路由条目数量，避免环路出现

三.实验思路

1.配置IP地址

2.配置内部OSPF协议

3.配置BGP协议

4.宣告网段设置空接口并设置反射器

5.配置隧道实现R1与R8通信

四.实验步骤

1.配置ip地址

//R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.1.1 24

//R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.2 32

//R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.3.3 24

//R4
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.6 30
[R4-LoopBack1]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.4.4 24

//R5
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.5.5 24

//R6
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.6.6 24

//R7
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.1.10 30 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 34.1.1.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.7.7 24

//R8
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 34.1.1.8 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.8 32
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.8.8 24

2.配置ospf协议

//R2
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
//R3
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
//R4
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
//R5
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
//R6
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
//R7
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

ospf建邻完成

3.配置BGP协议

//R1
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

//R2
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local
//R3
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
//R4
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
//R5
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
//R6
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
//R7
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.8 as-number 3
//R8
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.7 as-number 2

查看关键节点BGP邻居表

4.宣告网段设置反射器

宣告网段

//R1
[R1-bgp]network 172.16.0.1 32

R4,R7,R8由于水平分割原则没有收到宣告的该网段路由.

解决方案:将R3与R6设置为反射器

//R3
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client
//R6
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client

设置反射器后可以在R4,R7,R8路由上观察到宣告网段

//R2
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
//配置空接口避免环路的产生
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
//R7
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
//R8
[R8-bgp]network 172.16.0.8 32

查看路由表

5.配置隧道实现R1与R8通信

//R1
[R1]int t 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.1.1.2
//R8
[R8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1
[R8]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.1.1.1

R1与R8通信达成