python自动化生成ppt

news2024/11/25 14:32:12

使用Python和python-pptx创建PPT

在这篇博客中，我们将探讨如何使用Python库`python-pptx`来创建一个简单的PowerPoint演示文稿（PPT）。这个库允许我们以编程方式创建幻灯片、添加文本、图片、表格和自定义形状。

安装`python-pptx`

首先，确保你已经安装了`python-pptx`库。如果还没有安装，可以通过以下命令进行安装：

```bash
pip install python-pptx

创建PPT文档

创建一个新的PPT文档非常简单：

from pptx import Presentation
prs = Presentation()

添加标题幻灯片

我们可以添加一个包含标题和副标题的幻灯片：

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[0])
title = slide.shapes.title
subtitle = slide.placeholders[1]
title.text = "Hello, World!"
subtitle.text = "python-pptx was here!"

添加带有子弹点的幻灯片

接下来，我们添加一个带有子弹点的幻灯片：

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[1])
title_shape = slide.shapes.title
body_shape = slide.placeholders[1]
title_shape.text = 'Adding a Bullet Slide'
tf = body_shape.text_frame
tf.text = 'Find the bullet slide layout'
p = tf.add_paragraph()
p.text = 'Use _TextFrame.text for first bullet'
p.level = 1
p = tf.add_paragraph()
p.text = 'Use _TextFrame.add_paragraph() for subsequent bullets'
p.level = 2

添加文本框

我们还可以添加一个包含多个段落的文本框：

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[6])
txBox = slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(1), Inches(1), Inches(5), Inches(1))
tf = txBox.text_frame
tf.text = "This is text inside a textbox"
p = tf.add_paragraph()
p.text = "This is a second paragraph that's bold"
p.font.bold = True
p = tf.add_paragraph()
p.text = "This is a third paragraph that's big"
p.font.size = Pt(40)

添加图片

向幻灯片中添加图片也很简单：

img_path = '1.png'
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[6])
slide.shapes.add_picture(img_path, Inches(1), Inches(1))
slide.shapes.add_picture(img_path, Inches(5), Inches(1), height=Inches(5.5))

添加自定义形状

我们可以添加自定义形状来表示流程或步骤：

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[5])
shapes = slide.shapes
shapes.title.text = 'Adding an AutoShape'
left = Inches(0.93)
top = Inches(3.0)
width = Inches(1.75)
height = Inches(1.0)
shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.PENTAGON, left, top, width, height)
shape.text = 'Step 1'
left += width - Inches(0.4)
width = Inches(2.0)
for n in range(2, 6):
    shape = shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.CHEVRON, left, top, width, height)
    shape.text = f'Step {n}'
    left += width - Inches(0.4)

添加表格

最后，我们添加一个表格：

slide = prs.slides.add_slide(prs.slide_layouts[5])
shapes = slide.shapes
shapes.title.text = 'Adding a Table'
table = shapes.add_table(2, 2, Inches(2.0), Inches(2.0), Inches(6.0), Inches(0.8)).table
table.columns[0].width = Inches(2.0)
table.columns[1].width = Inches(4.0)
table.cell(0, 0).text = 'Foo'
table.cell(0, 1).text = 'Bar'
table.cell(1, 0).text = 'Baz'
table.cell(1, 1).text = 'Qux'