RabbitMQ的五种模式

news2025/1/12 18:51:30

一、简单模式

简单模式（Simple）：一个生产者，一个消费者
在这里插入图片描述

package com.qiangesoft.rabbitmq.mode.simple;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 简单模式
 * ps:一个生产者，一个消费者
 *
 * @author qiangesoft
 * @date 2024-05-08
 */
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/simple")
@RestController
public class SimpleMode {

    private final String QUEUE = "simple.queue";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 生产者
     */
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public void send(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(QUEUE, message);
    }

    /**
     * 消费者
     */
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(name = QUEUE))
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message: " + message);
    }

}

二、工作模式

工作队列模式（Work Queue）：多个消费者竞争消息
在这里插入图片描述

package com.qiangesoft.rabbitmq.mode.work;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 工作模式
 * ps:多个消费者竞争消息
 *
 * @author qiangesoft
 * @date 2024-05-08
 */
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/work")
@RestController
public class WorkMode {

    private final String QUEUE = "work.queue";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 生产者
     */
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public void send(String message) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(QUEUE, message + i);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 消费者1
     */
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(name = QUEUE))
    public void receiveMessage1(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message by consumer1: " + message);
    }

    /**
     * 消费者2
     */
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(name = QUEUE))
    public void receiveMessage2(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message by consumer2: " + message);
    }

}

三、发布订阅模式

发布/订阅模式（Publish/Subscribe）：一个生产者，多个消费者
在这里插入图片描述

package com.qiangesoft.rabbitmq.mode.pubsub;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 发布/订阅模式
 * ps:一个生产者，多个消费者
 *
 * @author qiangesoft
 * @date 2024-05-08
 */
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/pubsub")
@RestController
public class PubSubMode {

    private final String EXCHANGE = "fanout.exchange";

    private final String KEY = "";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 生产者
     */
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public void sendM(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE, KEY, message);
    }

    /**
     * 消费者1
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue, exchange = @Exchange(name = EXCHANGE, type = ExchangeTypes.FANOUT)))
    public void receiveMessage1(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message by consumer1: " + message);
    }

    /**
     * 消费者2
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue, exchange = @Exchange(name = EXCHANGE, type = ExchangeTypes.FANOUT)))
    public void receiveMessage2(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message by consumer2: " + message);
    }

}

四、路由模式

路由模式（Routing）：根据路由键将消息转发到对应队列
在这里插入图片描述

package com.qiangesoft.rabbitmq.mode.routing;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 路由模式
 * ps:根据路由键将消息转发到对应队列
 *
 * @author qiangesoft
 * @date 2024-05-08
 */
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/routing")
@RestController
public class RoutingMode {

    private final String EXCHANGE = "direct.exchange";

    private final String KEY1 = "direct1";

    private final String KEY2 = "direct2";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 生产者
     */
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public void sendM(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE, KEY1, message);
    }

    /**
     * 消费者
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue, exchange = @Exchange(name = EXCHANGE, type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT), key = {KEY1, KEY2}))
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message: " + message);
    }

}

五、主题模式

通配符模式（Topics）：使用通配符匹配路由键
在这里插入图片描述

package com.qiangesoft.rabbitmq.mode.topic;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 主题模式
 * ps: 使用通配符匹配路由键
 *
 * @author qiangesoft
 * @date 2024-05-08
 */
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/topic")
@RestController
public class TopicMode {

    private final String EXCHANGE = "topic.exchange";

    private final String QUEUE = "topic.queue";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 生产者
     */
    @GetMapping("/send")
    public void send(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE, QUEUE, message);
    }

    /**
     * 消费者
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue, exchange = @Exchange(name = EXCHANGE, type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC), key = {"topic.*", "#.topic"}))
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        log.info("Received Message: " + message);
    }

}