查询脚本:

SELECT CASE WHEN col.colorder = 1 THEN obj.name
ELSE ''
END AS 表名,
col.colorder AS 序号 ,
col.name AS 列名 ,
ISNULL(ep.[value], '') AS 列说明 ,
t.name AS 数据类型 ,
col.length AS 长度 ,
ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数 ,
CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√'
ELSE ''
END AS 标识 ,
CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM dbo.sysindexes si
INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id
AND si.indid = sik.indid
INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id
AND sc.colid = sik.colid
INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name
AND so.xtype = 'PK'
WHERE sc.id = col.id
AND sc.colid = col.colid ) THEN '√'
ELSE ''
END AS 主键 ,
CASE WHEN col.isnullable = 1 THEN '√'
ELSE ''
END AS 允许空 ,
ISNULL(comm.text, '') AS 默认值
FROM dbo.syscolumns col
LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes t ON col.xtype = t.xusertype
inner JOIN dbo.sysobjects obj ON col.id = obj.id
AND obj.xtype = 'U'
AND obj.status >= 0
LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments comm ON col.cdefault = comm.id
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON col.id = ep.major_id
AND col.colid = ep.minor_id
AND ep.name = 'MS_Description'
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties epTwo ON obj.id = epTwo.major_id
AND epTwo.minor_id = 0
AND epTwo.name = 'MS_Description'
WHERE obj.name = '表名'--数据库表名
ORDER BY col.colorder ;

显示效果：