使用Springboot配置生产者、消费者RabbitMQ？

news2024/12/25 13:47:23

生产者服务

1、引入依赖以及配置rabbitmq

此时我们通过使用springboot来快速搭建一个生产者服务

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  application:
    name: producter
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: 192.168.118.100:5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtual-host: /
    connection-timeout: 15000

2、定义队列、交换机以及绑定的routingkey

添加一个config包下添加文件

TopicRabbitConfig.java、MsgSender.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

//Topic类型交换机配置
@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {

    //配置队列
    @Bean
    public Queue queue1(){
        return new Queue("queue1");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queue2(){
        return new Queue("queue2");
    }

    //配置交换机
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange exchange(){
        return new TopicExchange("bootExchange");
    }

    //绑定队列到交换机并且执行routingkey，之后指定消费者即可通过指定队列来拿到信息
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingExchangeMessage1(Queue queue1,TopicExchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1).to(exchange).with("cat.red");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingExchangeMessage2(Queue queue2,TopicExchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2).to(exchange).with("*.red");
    }

}

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


//@Description 发送消息到指定交换机

@Component
public class MsgSender {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    private static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "bootExchange";

    //发送信息的routingkey=>"cat.red"
    public void send1(){
        String routingKey = "cat.red";
        String msg = "this is my message,routingkey is "+routingKey;
        //交换机名称、routingkey以及发送的信息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE_NAME,routingKey,msg);
        System.out.println("已成功发送信息："+msg);
    }

    //发送信息的routingkey=>"dog.red"
    public void send2(){
        String routingKey = "dog.red";
        String msg = "this is my message,routingkey is "+routingKey;
        //交换机名称、routingkey以及发送的信息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE_NAME,routingKey,msg);
        System.out.println("已成功发送信息："+msg);
    }
}

3、创建一个测试类

调用两个方法：

import com.changlu.productor.config.MsgSender;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class ProductorApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private MsgSender msgSender;

    @Test
    void sendMsg1() {
        msgSender.send1();
        msgSender.send2();
    }

}

当我用2.4.5的时候读不出来，推存使用高版本的spring boot版本

消费者服务

1、引入依赖以及配置rabbitmq

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8081  # 设置8081端口

spring:
  application:
    name: consumer
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: 192.168.118.100:5672  # 同样rabbitmq运行端口默认为5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtual-host: /
    connection-timeout: 15000

2、定义消费者并进行绑定监听

消费者1：绑定对应的queue1

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//queue1对应routingkey=>cat.red

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue1")
public class Consumer1 {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg){
        System.out.println("queue1收到消息："+msg);
    }

}

消费者2：绑定对应的queue2

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//queue2对应routingkey=>*.red

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue2")
public class Consumer2 {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg){
        System.out.println("queue2收到消息："+msg);
    }

}