工具版本及环境

工具：
IDEA 2021.3
Maven 3.8.6
JDK 8
Spring Boot 2.7.7
Spring Securiity 5.7.6

参考资源

Spring Security官网: https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/reference/5.7/index.html
这里参考的是Servlet文档，英文文档看不懂可以借助Edge浏览器翻译一下，虽然满屏春豆的翻译看起来不怎么地道，但是连蒙带猜还是能理解点东西的，而且里面的图片看着也很清楚明白。

官网github的示例程序：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security
gitee我fork了一份：https://gitee.com/qkzztx_admin/spring-security-samples

配置详细

废话不多说，先上码。
gitee完整例子：https://gitee.com/qkzztx_admin/security-demo 检出tag v1

package security.demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {
    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.formLogin(form -> {
            form
                    .loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 接受登录请求的url，默认也是login
                    .loginPage("/toLogin") // 表单对应的url
                    .successForwardUrl("/success") // 登录成功后重定向的url
                    .failureForwardUrl("/failure") // 登录失败后重定向的url
                    ;
                })
                .authorizeHttpRequests().anyRequest().authenticated() // 授权任何一个请求都必须认证才能访问
                .and()
                .csrf().disable(); // 简单粗暴禁用csrf
        return http.build();
    }
    @Bean
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
        return new MyUserDetailsService();
    }

    // 密码加密类
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
}

package security.demo.config;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
    // 临时的用户信息
    public static final Map<String, UserDetails> userStore = new HashMap<>();
    @Resource
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        String username = "admin";
        String password = "admin";
        userStore.put(username, createUser(username, password, Collections.singletonList("admin")));

        String username1 = "user";
        String password1 = "user";
        userStore.put(username1, createUser(username1, password1, Arrays.asList("user", "roleA")));
    }
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        UserDetails userDetails = userStore.get(username);
        // 这里创建一个新的，否则登录成功后，密码会被设置为null，导致后续认证失败
        // 如果从数据库读取没有这种问题
        return new User(userDetails.getUsername(),
                userDetails.getPassword(),
                userDetails.getAuthorities());
    }

    private User createUser(String username, String password, List<String> authority) {
        Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new HashSet<>();
        for (String permission : authority) {
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(permission));
        }
        return new User(username,passwordEncoder.encode(password), authorities);
    }
}

package security.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class LoginController {
    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin() {
        return "toLogin";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/success")
    public String loginSuccess() {
        return "loginSuccess";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/failure")
    public String loginFailure() {
        return "loginFailure";
    }
}