2024年就快要到了，提前用python代码给自己做一个烟花秀庆祝一下。本次介绍的python实例是实现一个简易的烟花秀。

一、步骤分析

总的来说，要实现烟花秀的效果，需要以下几个步骤：

1.1、创建一个类，包含烟花各项粒子的轨迹的操作
1.2、创建一个类，包含烟花轨迹的各项操作
1.3、创建一个类，包含烟花相关的操作
1.4、在主函数文件中创建一个窗体
1.5、在窗体上绘制烟花及文字

二、步骤实现

2.1、前期准备

在前期我们需要将编程需要的素材准备好。这里编程平台使用的是pycharm，用到的pygame、sys、random包下面的相关类和方法已经自有的类和方法。

2.2、烟花粒子轨迹类实现代码

# 导入包
from pygame.math import Vector2 as vector
from pygame import display, draw, font

"""
粒子轨迹类
"""
class Trail:
    # 全局变量
    # 粒子颜色
    trail_colours = [(45, 45, 45), (60, 60, 60), (75, 75, 75), (125, 125, 125), (150, 150, 150)]

    def __init__(self, n, size, dynamic):
        self.pos_in_line = n
        self.pos = vector(-10, -10)
        self.dynamic = dynamic

        # 确定颜色和大小
        if self.dynamic:
            self.colour = self.trail_colours[n]
            self.size = int(size - n / 2)
        else:
            self.colour = (255, 255, 200)
            self.size = size - 2
            if self.size < 0:
                self.size = 0

    # 确定位置
    def get_pos(self, x, y):
        self.pos = vector(x, y)

    # 显示方法
    def show(self, win):
        draw.circle(win, self.colour, (int(self.pos.x), int(self.pos.y)), self.size)

# 烟花更新
def update(win, fireworks):
    # 实现烟花的显示
    for fw in fireworks:
        fw.update(win)
        if fw.remove():
            fireworks.remove(fw)
    # 在屏幕上添加文字
    snowFont = font.Font("./YuGothM.TTF", 100)  # 导入字体文件，并设置字体
    str1 = snowFont.render("元旦快乐", True, (235, 215, 245))
    win.blit(str1, (200, 325))
    display.update()
  

2.3、烟花轨迹类实现代码

# 导入包
import math
from random import randint, uniform, choice
from pygame import draw
from pygame.math import Vector2 as vector
# 自有文件
from litao.fire.Trail import Trail

"""
烟花轨迹类
"""
class Particle:
    def __init__(self, x, y, firework, colour):
        self.firework = firework
        self.pos = vector(x, y)
        self.origin = vector(x, y)
        self.radius = 20
        self.remove = False
        self.explosion_radius = randint(5, 18)
        self.life = 0
        self.acc = vector(0, 0)
        # 跟踪变量
        self.trails = []  # 存储粒子轨迹对象
        self.prev_posx = [-10] * 10  # 存储x轴最后10个位置
        self.prev_posy = [-10] * 10  # 存储y轴最后10个位置

        # 根据是否有烟花，做不同的操作
        if self.firework:
            self.vel = vector(0, -randint(17, 20))
            self.size = 5
            self.colour = colour
            for i in range(5):
                self.trails.append(Trail(i, self.size, True))
        else:
            self.vel = vector(uniform(-1, 1), uniform(-1, 1))
            self.vel.x *= randint(7, self.explosion_radius + 2)
            self.vel.y *= randint(7, self.explosion_radius + 2)
            # 向量
            self.size = randint(2, 4)
            self.colour = choice(colour)
            # 5 个 tails总计
            for i in range(5):
                self.trails.append(Trail(i, self.size, False))

    # 用于控制粒子移动速度
    def apply_force(self, force):
        self.acc += force

    # 粒子移动
    def move(self):
        if not self.firework:
            self.vel.x *= 0.8
            self.vel.y *= 0.8
        self.vel += self.acc
        self.pos += self.vel
        self.acc *= 0

        if self.life == 0 and not self.firework:  # 检查粒子的爆炸范围
            distance = math.sqrt((self.pos.x - self.origin.x) ** 2 + (self.pos.y - self.origin.y) ** 2)
            if distance > self.explosion_radius:
                self.remove = True
        # 调用粒子衰变速度
        self.decay()
        # 调用粒子更新方法
        self.trail_update()
        # 存活时间加一
        self.life += 1

    # 粒子显示
    def show(self, win):
        draw.circle(win, (self.colour[0], self.colour[1], self.colour[2], 0), (int(self.pos.x), int(self.pos.y)),
                           self.size)

    # 用于控制粒子衰变
    def decay(self):
        # 根据存活时间来控制衰变效果
        if 50 > self.life > 10:
            ran = randint(0, 30)
            if ran == 0:
                self.remove = True
        elif self.life > 50:
            ran = randint(0, 5)
            if ran == 0:
                self.remove = True

    # 粒子更新方法
    def trail_update(self):
        self.prev_posx.pop()
        self.prev_posx.insert(0, int(self.pos.x))
        self.prev_posy.pop()
        self.prev_posy.insert(0, int(self.pos.y))

        for n, t in enumerate(self.trails):
            if t.dynamic:
                t.get_pos(self.prev_posx[n + 1], self.prev_posy[n + 1])
            else:
                t.get_pos(self.prev_posx[n + 3], self.prev_posy[n + 3])

2.4、烟花类实现代码

# 导入包
from random import randint, uniform
from pygame.math import Vector2 as vector
from pygame import draw
# 自有文件
from litao.fire.Particle import Particle

"""
烟花类
"""
class Firework:
    # 全局变量
    gravity = vector(0, 0.3)
    def __init__(self):
        # 随机颜色
        self.colour = (randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255))   # 发射阶段烟花颜色
        # 爆炸后烟花颜色
        self.colours = (
            (randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255)),
            (randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255)),
            (randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255)))
        # 烟花轨迹
        self.firework = Particle(randint(0, 800), 700, True,
                                 self.colour)  # Creates the firework particle
        self.exploded = False   # 用于判断烟花是否分裂
        self.particles = []     # 存储烟花轨迹对象
        self.min_max_particles = vector(100, 225)

    # 更新烟花
    def update(self, win):  # 每帧调用
        if not self.exploded:
            # 爆炸前效果
            self.firework.apply_force(self.gravity)
            self.firework.move()
            for tf in self.firework.trails:
                tf.show(win)

            self.show(win)

            if self.firework.vel.y >= 0:
                self.exploded = True
                self.explode()
        else:
            # 爆炸后效果
            for particle in self.particles:
                particle.apply_force(vector(self.gravity.x + uniform(-1, 1) / 20, self.gravity.y / 2 + (randint(1, 8) / 100)))
                particle.move()
                for t in particle.trails:
                    t.show(win)
                particle.show(win)

    def explode(self):
        # amount 数量
        amount = randint(self.min_max_particles.x, self.min_max_particles.y)
        for i in range(amount):
            self.particles.append(Particle(self.firework.pos.x, self.firework.pos.y, False, self.colours))

    # 烟花展示部分
    def show(self, win):
        draw.circle(win, self.colour, (int(self.firework.pos.x), int(self.firework.pos.y)), self.firework.size)

    # 烟花移除部分
    def remove(self):
        if self.exploded:
            for p in self.particles:
                if p.remove is True:
                    self.particles.remove(p)

            if len(self.particles) == 0:
                return True
            else:
                return False

2.5、烟花秀实现代码

# 导入包
import pygame
import sys
from random import randint
from pygame import display, time
# 自有文件
from litao.fire.FireWorks import Firework
from litao.fire.Trail import update

"""
主函数
"""
# 创建窗口
pygame.init()
win = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 700))   # 设置窗口大小
display.set_caption("烟花秀")      # 设置窗口标题
# 创建用于延时的对象
clock = time.Clock()

# 创建烟花集合
fireworks = [Firework() for i in range(2)]

while True:
    clock.tick(60)  # 延时60毫秒
    # 设置鼠标和键盘监听事件，当鼠标点击X或者键盘按下esc时程序退出
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()
    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    if keys[pygame.K_ESCAPE]:
        sys.exit()

    win.fill((20, 20, 30))  # 重新绘制背景

    # 如果产生的随机数为1，则添加一朵新的烟花
    if randint(0, 20) == 1:  # 创建新的烟花
        fireworks.append(Firework())
    # 刷新烟花
    update(win, fireworks)

运行结果

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