目录
前言
一、python+unittest框架实现登录功能
二、python+selenium实现登录功能
三、python+requests库实现登录功能
前言
今天主要想介绍python语言+不同的自动化测试框架的结合方式来模拟登录功能。想了解自动化测试框架的同学不要错过哦！
一、python+unittest框架实现登录功能
1.封装公共方法
在common目录下封装方法，具体代码如下：
import requests
class RequestHandler:
def __init__(self):
"""session管理器"""
self.session = requests.session()
def visit(self,method,url,params = None,data=None,json=None,headers=None):
result = self.session.request(method,url,params=params,data=data,json=json,headers=headers,verify=False)
try:
#返回json结果
print(result)
return result.json()
except Exception:
return 'not json'
def close_session(self):
self.session.close()2.调用
创建文件：test_login.py，在文件中可结合allure报告实现登录的不同场景。具体代码如下：
import unittest
import allure
import os
import pytest
from common.requests_handler import RequestHandler
@allure.epic("web自动化")
@allure.feature("登录功能")
class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
#请求类实例化
self.req = RequestHandler()
def tearDown(self):
self.req.close_session()
@allure.severity("critical")
@allure.title("正确的用户名、密码登录")
def test_login_success(self):
"""
正确的用户名、密码
"""
with allure.step("step1:输入正确的用户名、密码"):
print("输入正确的用户名、密码")
with allure.step("step2:校验登录结果：登录成功"):
print("登录成功")
login_url = 'https://example.com/login'
body = {
"name":"test",
"password":"test1234"
}
res = self.req.visit('post',login_url,json=body)
#根据请求结果中的code进行断言
print(res)
self.assertEqual(0,res['code'])
@allure.title("错误的用户名、正确的密码登录")
def test_login_wrong_name(self):
"""
错误的用户名、正确的密码
"""
with allure.step("step1:输入错误的用户名、正确的密码"):
print("输入错误的用户名、正确的密码")
with allure.step("step2:校验登录结果：登录失败，报错提示：用户不存在"):
print("登录失败")
login_url = 'https://example.com/login'
body = {
"name":"test1",
"password":"test1234"
}
res = self.req.visit('post', login_url, json=body)
# 根据请求结果中的code进行断言
self.assertEqual(16020, res['code'])
#根据请求结果中的message进行断言
self.assertEqual("用户不存在",res['message'])
@allure.title("正确的用户名、错误的密码登录")
def test_login_wrong_pwd(self):
"""
正确的用户名、错误的密码
"""
with allure.step("step1:输入正确的用户名、错误的密码"):
print("输入正确的用户名、错误的密码")
with allure.step("step2:校验登录结果：登录失败，报错提示：账号有误，登录失败"):
print("登录失败")
login_url = 'https://example.com/login'
body = {
"name":"test",
"password":"test12"
}
res = self.req.visit('post', login_url, json=body)
# 根据请求结果中的code进行断言
self.assertEqual(16002, res['code'])
#根据请求结果中的message进行断言
self.assertEqual("账号有误，登录失败",res['message'])
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-vs', 'test_login.py', '--clean-alluredir', '--alluredir=allure-results'])
os.system(r"allure generate -c -o allure-report")二、python+selenium实现登录功能
1.selenium自动化
创建文件test_login.py文件，结合allure+selenium实现登录并获取cookies传递给后面的请求。具体代码如下：
import allure
import pytest
import os,time
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
timestamp = time.time()
@allure.feature("web自动化测试")
@allure.title("登录")
def test_login():
"""
采用selenium框架登录获取cookie成功
"""
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 窗口最大化
driver.maximize_window()
# 打开网页
driver.get("https://example.com")
time.sleep(2)
#刷新页面
driver.refresh()
#截屏
driver.get_screenshot_as_file("D:\\test\\1.jpg")
# 实例化 By 类的对象
by_xpath = By.XPATH
# 元素获取及点击
# 使用by_xpath 对象调用 xpath 方法
driver.find_element(by=by_xpath, value="//input[@id = 'identifier']").send_keys("填具体的用户名")
driver.find_element(by=by_xpath, value="//input[@id = 'password']").send_keys("填密码")
driver.find_element(by=by_xpath, value=("//button[@class = 'ant-btn ant-btn-primary sc-htpNat guSfSS']")).click()
time.sleep(5)
#获取cookies
cookies = driver.get_cookies()
for cookie in cookies:
print("%s -> %s" %(cookie['name'],cookie['value']))
#cookies做拼接
cookies_list = [cookie["name"] + "=" + cookie["value"] for cookie in driver.get_cookies()]
cookies = ';'.join(it for it in cookies_list)
print(cookies)
"""新建文件夹"""
createDir_url = '具体新建文件url'
body = {
"bucket": "common",
"project_id": project_id,
"path": "test-mkdir",
"zone": zone
}
headers = {
'Cookie': f'{cookies}',
'X-Box-Fe-Token': Token
}
res = requests.post(createDir_url, headers=headers, json=body)
resp = res.json()
print(resp)
assert (0,resp['code'])
"""删除文件夹"""
deleteDir_url = '具体删除url'
body = {
"bucket": "common",
"project_id": project_id,
"path": "test-mkdir",
"zone": zone
}
headers = {
'Cookie': f'{cookies}',
'X-Box-Fe-Token': Token
}
res = requests.delete(deleteDir_url, headers=headers, json=body)
data = res.json()
print(data)
assert (0,data['code'])
#关闭浏览器
driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
pytest.main(['-vs', 'test_login.py', '--clean-alluredir', '--alluredir=allure-results'])
os.system(r"allure generate -c -o allure-report")三、python+requests库实现登录功能
1.封装公共方法
首先在common文件夹下封装公共方法，具体代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
import requests
from log.log_record import log_print
def post_main(url, data, header):
"""
post请求
:param url:
:param data:
:param header:
:return:
"""
try:
res = requests.post(url=url, json=data, headers=header)
return res.json()
except Exception as e:
log_print().error(f"接口请求错误，请求参数：{data}，请求Url：{url}，请求结果：{res.json()}")
def get_main(url, header):
"""
get请求
:param url:
:param header:
:param param:
:return:
"""
try:
res = requests.get(url=url, headers=header)
return res.json()
except Exception as e:
log_print().info(f"接口请求错误，请求Url：{url}，请求结果：{res.json()}")
def run_main(method, url, header, data=None):
"""
被调用主request
:param method:
:param url:
:param header:
:param data:
:param file:
:return:
"""
try:
res = None
if method == 'post' or method == 'POST' or method == 'Post':
res = post_main(url, data, header)
elif method == 'get' or method == 'GET' or method == 'Get':
res = get_main(url, header)
else:
log_print().error(f"请求方法：{method}格式错误")
return res
except Exception as e:
log_print().error(f"请求方法报错{e}")
if __name__ == '__main__':
pass
2.调用
创建test_login.py文件，调用requests库方法实现登录。具体代码如下：
import requests
url = 'https://example.com/login'
data = {
'username': 'admin',
'password': '123456',
}
response = requests.post(url, data=data)
print(response.content.decode("utf-8"))
headers = response.headers
print(headers.get('Set-Cookie'))介绍了上述内容，你学废了吗？
![[New Tech] Compute Express Link 101](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/21ab28ffc9b5494ea26451d64d7a70ae.png)
