windows10 装docker和docker compose

news2025/1/11 20:47:53

一.windows环境准备

开启过程中的问题，进入bios修复

二.docker下载安装

1.下载

Docker Desktop: The #1 Containerization Tool for Developers | Docker

下载最新版有问题，下载老版本试试

Docker Desktop release notes | Docker Docs

2.安装

三.docker测试

1.部署一个nginx

C:\Users\Administrator>docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
af107e978371: Pull complete
336ba1f05c3e: Pull complete
8c37d2ff6efa: Pull complete
51d6357098de: Pull complete
782f1ecce57d: Pull complete
5e99d351b073: Pull complete
7b73345df136: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:2bdc49f2f8ae8d8dc50ed00f2ee56d00385c6f8bc8a8b320d0a294d9e3b49026
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

What's Next?
  View summary of image vulnerabilities and recommendations → docker scout quickview nginx

C:\Users\Administrator>docker image ls
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    d453dd892d93   2 months ago   187MB

C:\Users\Administrator>docker run --name my-nginx -d -p 80:80 nginx

2.部署一个nginx并挂载到本地路径

1. 替换C:/docker/nginx 为你自己的目录路径。此命令会将主机的 80 端口与容器的 80 端口关联起来，因此当你通过浏览器访问主机 IP 地址时，就能看到挂载的网站内容。

2.创建的目录挂载到容器的 /usr/share/nginx/html 目录

C:\Users\Administrator>docker run --name my-nginx1 -d -p 80:80 -v C:/docker/nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
ee12f7dab38e5ff47b1cc186467c72c3bbe6398d5931049a0c85a4546baeaa5b

C:\Users\Administrator>docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                   CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                NAMES
ee12f7dab38e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 seconds ago   Up 3 seconds   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   my-nginx1

四.docker compose安装

1.什么是 Docker Compose ？

Docker Compose是Docker官方提供的一个用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具。通过一个单独的docker-compose.yml配置文件，开发人员可以定义应用程序的服务、网络、卷等相关配置，并通过简单的命令一键启动整个应用程序。这种方式使得开发、测试和部署多容器应用变得更加轻松，同时保持了配置的一致性。Docker Compose的出现为复杂的容器编排提供了简便的解决方案，使得开发人员能够更专注于应用程序的开发和优化。

2.下载 Docker Compose

官方安装文档：https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/windows-install/

版本选择下载地址：https://github.com/docker/compose/releases

3.安装Docker Compose

放到指定路径

配置环境变量

docker-compose --version

4.docker-compose部署一个nginx

新建一个文件`docker-compose.yml`

解释如下：映射容器的80端口到宿主机的8081端口，挂载本地路径C:/docker/nginx/html到容器的nginx页面文件路径

version: '3'
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    ports:
      - "8081:80"
    volumes:
      - C:/docker/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html
      - C:/docker/nginx/nginx.conf:/ext/nginx/nginx.conf
      - C:/docker/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx

启动命令

 

 C:\docker 的目录
 
2024/01/10  11:39                   docker-compose.yml
2024/01/10  11:38    <DIR>          nginx
 

C:\docker>docker-compose up -d
[+] Running 1/0
[+] Running 1/2ker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s
[+] Running 1/2ker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s
[+] Running 1/2ker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s
[+] Running 1/2ker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s
[+] Running 1/2ker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s
[+] Running 2/2ker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s
 ✔ Network docker_default    Created                                                                               0.0s - Container docker-nginx-1  Starting                                                                              0.6s
 ✔ Container docker-nginx-1  Started

停止命令

C:\docker>docker-compose down
[+] Running 1/1
[+] Running 1/2ocker-nginx-1  Removed                                                                               0.5s
[+] Running 2/2ocker-nginx-1  Removed                                                                               0.5s
 ✔ Container docker-nginx-1  Removed                                                                               0.5s - Network docker_default    Removing                                                                              0.2s
 ✔ Network docker_default    Removed