Hive-high Avaliabl

news2025/2/1 20:40:39

hive—high Avaliable

hive的搭建方式有三种，分别是

1、Local/Embedded Metastore Database (Derby)

2、Remote Metastore Database

3、Remote Metastore Server

一般情况下，我们在学习的时候直接使用hive –service metastore的方式启动服务端，使用hive的方式直接访问登录客户端，除了这种方式之外，hive提供了hiveserver2的服务端启动方式，提供了beeline和jdbc的支持，并且官网也提出，一般在生产环境中，使用hiveserver2的方式比较多，如图：

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使用hiveserver2的优点如下：

1、在应用端不需要部署hadoop和hive的客户端

2、hiveserver2不用直接将hdfs和metastore暴露给用户

3、有HA机制，解决应用端的并发和负载问题

4、jdbc的连接方式，可以使用任何语言，方便与应用进行数据交互

本文档主要介绍如何进行hive的HA的搭建：

如何进行搭建，参照之前hadoop的HA，使用zookeeper完成HA

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1、环境如下:

	Node01	Node02	Node03	Node04
Namenode	1	1
Journalnode	1	1	1
Datanode		1	1	1
Zkfc	1	1
zookeeper	1	1	1
resourcemanager		1	1	1
nodemanager		1	1	1
Hiveserver2			1
beeline				1

2、node02—hive-site.xml

<property>  
  <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>  
  <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>  
</property>  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  
  <value>jdbc:mysql://node01:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>  
</property>  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>  
  <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>  
</property>     
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>  
  <value>root</value>  
</property>  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>  
  <value>123</value>  
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.support.dynamic.service.discovery</name>
  <value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.zookeeper.namespace</name>
  <value>hiveserver2_zk</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.zookeeper.quorum</name>
  <value>node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.zookeeper.client.port</name>
  <value>2181</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
  <value>node02</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
  <value>10001</value> 
</property>

3、node4—hive-site.xml

<property>  
  <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>  
  <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>  
</property>  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  
  <value>jdbc:mysql://node01:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>  
</property>  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>  
  <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>  
</property>     
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>  
  <value>root</value>  
</property>  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>  
  <value>123</value>  
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.support.dynamic.service.discovery</name>
  <value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.zookeeper.namespace</name>
  <value>hiveserver2_zk</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.zookeeper.quorum</name>
  <value>node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.zookeeper.client.port</name>
  <value>2181</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
  <value>node04</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
  <value>10001</value> 
</property>

4、使用jdbc或者beeline两种方式进行访问

1） beeline

!connect jdbc:hive2://node01,node02,node03/;serviceDiscoveryMode=zooKeeper;zooKeeperNamespace=hiveserver2_zk root 123

2）jdbc

public class HiveJdbcClient2 {

	private static String driverName = "org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver";

	public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
		try {
			Class.forName(driverName);
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hive2://node01,node02,node03/default;serviceDiscoveryMode=zooKeeper;zooKeeperNamespace=hiveserver2_zk", "root", "");
		Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
		String sql = "select * from tbl";
		ResultSet res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
		while (res.next()) {
			System.out.println(res.getString(1));
		}
	}
}