微服务技术 RabbitMQ SpringAMQP P61-P76

news2024/11/15 17:58:23

B站学习视频https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1LQ4y127n4?p=61&vd_source=8665d6da33d4e2277ca40f03210fe53a

文档资料:

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1P_Ag1BYiPaF52EI19A0YRw?pwd=d03r
提取码：d03r

一初始MQ

1. 同步通讯

2. 异步通讯

3. MQ常见架构

二 RabbitMQ 快速入门

1. RabbitMQ概述和安装 --单机部署

我们在Centos7虚拟机中使用Docker来安装

1.1.下载镜像

方式一：在线拉取

docker pull rabbitmq:3-management

方式二：从本地加载

在课前资料已经提供了镜像包：

上传到虚拟机中后，使用命令加载镜像即可：

docker load -i mq.tar

1.2.安装MQ

执行下面的命令来运行MQ容器：

docker run \
 -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin \
 -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=123321 \
 --name mq \
 --hostname mq1 \
 -p 15672:15672 \
 -p 5672:5672 \
 -d \
 rabbitmq:3-management

1.2. RabbitMQ概述和安装 --集群部署

2.常见消息模型

3.快速入门 --Basic Queue 简单队列模型

三 SpringAMQP

1. Basic Queue 简单队列模型

结构

1.1 消息发送

16572是UI端口 5672消息端口


import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class PublisherTest {
    @Test
    public void testSendMessage() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 1.建立连接
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        // 1.1.设置连接参数，分别是：主机名、端口号、vhost、用户名、密码
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setUsername("admin");
        factory.setPassword("123");
        // 1.2.建立连接
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        // 2.创建通道Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        // 3.创建队列
        String queueName = "simple.queue";
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);

        // 4.发送消息
        String message = "hello, rabbitmq!";
        channel.basicPublish("", queueName, null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println("发送消息成功：【" + message + "】");

        // 5.关闭通道和连接
        channel.close();
        connection.close();

    }
}

1.2 消息接收

16572是UI端口 5672消息端口


import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ConsumerTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 1.建立连接
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        // 1.1.设置连接参数，分别是：主机名、端口号、vhost、用户名、密码
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setUsername("admin");
        factory.setPassword("123");
        // 1.2.建立连接
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        // 2.创建通道Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        // 3.创建队列
        String queueName = "simple.queue";
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);

        // 4.订阅消息
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, new DefaultConsumer(channel){
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
                                       AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // 5.处理消息
                String message = new String(body);
                System.out.println("接收到消息：【" + message + "】");
            }
        });
        System.out.println("等待接收消息。。。。");
    }
}

2. SpringAMQP入门案例

2.1 介绍

2.2 案例 -- 发送消息

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1 # rabbitMQ的ip地址
    port: 5672 # 端口
    username: admin
    password: 123
    virtual-host: /

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) // @Autowired 可以注入
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSendMessage2SimpleQueue() {
        String queueName = "simple.queue";
        String message = "hello, spring amqp!";
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, message);
    }
}

2.3 案例 --接收消息

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1 # rabbitMQ的ip地址
    port: 5672 # 端口
    username: admin
    password: 123
    virtual-host: /
    listener:
      simple:
        prefetch: 1

@Component  //声明成 bean
public class SpringRabbitListener {

    // @RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")
    // public void listenSimpleQueue(String msg) {
    //     System.out.println("消费者接收到simple.queue的消息：【" + msg + "】");
    // }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")
    public void listenWorkQueue1(String msg) throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("消费者1接收到消息：【" + msg + "】" + LocalTime.now());
        Thread.sleep(20);
    }
}

3. Work Queue 工作队列模型

3.1 介绍

接收信息

import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.Map;

@Component  //声明成 bean
public class SpringRabbitListener {

   /*  @RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")
     public void listenSimpleQueue(String msg) {
         System.out.println("消费者接收到simple.queue的消息：【" + msg + "】");
     }
*/
    @RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")
    public void listenWorkQueue1(String msg) throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("消费者1接收到消息：【" + msg + "】" + LocalTime.now());
        Thread.sleep(20);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")
    public void listenWorkQueue2(String msg) throws InterruptedException {
        System.err.println("消费者2........接收到消息：【" + msg + "】" + LocalTime.now());
        Thread.sleep(200);
    }
}

发送信息


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) // @Autowired 可以注入
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringAmqpTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSendMessage2SimpleQueue() {
        String queueName = "simple.queue";
        String message = "hello, spring amqp!";
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, message);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSendMessage2WorkQueue() throws InterruptedException {
        String queueName = "simple.queue";
        String message = "hello, message__";
        for (int i = 1; i <= 50; i++) {
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, message + i);
            Thread.sleep(20);
        }
    }
}

application.yml

logging:
  pattern:
    dateformat: MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1 # rabbitMQ的ip地址
    port: 5672 # 端口
    username: admin
    password: 123
    virtual-host: / #虚拟主机
    listener:
      simple:
        prefetch: 1 # 预取 每次只取一条消息，处理完才能获取下一条消息