Nginx负载均衡实战

news2025/1/24 1:00:07

🎵负载均衡组件

ngx_http_upstream_module
https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.html
upstream模块允许Nginx定义一组或多组节点服务器组，使用时可以通过多种方式去定义服务器组
样例：

upstream backend {
    server backend1.example.com       weight=5;
    server backend2.example.com:8080;
    server unix:/tmp/backend3;

    server backup1.example.com:8080   backup;
    server backup2.example.com:8080   backup;
}

server {
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

ngx_http_proxy_module
https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html

样例：
该ngx_http_proxy_module模块允许将请求传递到另一台服务器。

location / {
    proxy_pass       http://localhost:8000;
    proxy_set_header Host      $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}

🎶Nginx负载均衡配置实例

主机名	IP	角色
NGINX-1	54.169.87.5	NGINX服务器
NGINX-2	18.143.107.110	NGINX服务器
NGINX-3	122.51.114.14	NGINX负载均衡服务器

在两台NGINX服务器上操作，创建测试文件数据

echo "`hostname -I` " > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

配置NGINX负载均衡服务器，定义Web服务器池

upstream backend {

server 18.143.107.110:80 weight=1;

server 54.169.87.5:80 weight=1;

}

location / {
    proxy_pass       http://backend;
}

完整配置 nginx.conf


worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream backend {         #这里定义Web服务器池

	server 18.143.107.110:80 weight=1;  

	server  54.169.87.5:80 weight=1;

	}
    server {            #这里定义代理的负载均衡域名虚拟主机
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.nginxtestlb.com;
        location / {
		proxy_pass http://backend;     #访问www.nginxtestlb.com,请求发送给backend里面的节点
        }
    }
}