目录
一、Spring Boot概述
1、Spring Boot 特性
1.1 起步依赖
1.2 自动配置
1.3 其他特性
1.3.1 内嵌的Tomcat、Jetty (无需部署WAR文件)
1.3.2 外部化配置
1.3.3 不需要XML配置(properties/yml)
二、Spring Boot入门
1、一个入门程序需求
2、步骤
2.1 创建Maven工程
2.2 导入Spring-boot-start-web起步依赖
2.3 编写Controller
2.4 提供启动类
3、手动创建SpringBoot工程（不重要）
3.1 创建Maven工程
3.2 引入依赖
3.3 提供启动类
3.3.1 修改App文件名为启动类名
3.3.2 手动生成resources文件夹
3.3.3 手动生成application.properies 等
三、SpringBoot配置文件
1、properties配置文件
2、yaml配置文件（推荐）
3、yml配置信息书写与获取
2.1 第三方技术配置信息
2.2 自定义配置信息
2.2.1 引入发送邮件依赖
2.2.2 工具类MailUtil
2.2.3 controller
2.2.4 service
2.2.5 serviceImpl
2.2.6 yml配置文件
四、整合Mybatis-plus
1、pom
2、yml
3、emp.sql
4、统一返回类
5、controller
6、service
7、serviceImpl
五、Bean管理
1、Bean扫描
2、Bean注册
2.1 @Bean
2.1.1 @Bean方法一：启动类创建一个方法（不建议使用）
2.1.2 @Bean方法二：配置类（建议）
2.2 @Import
2.2.1 导入配置类
2.2.2 导入ImportSelector接口实现类
3、注册条件
六、自动配置
七、自定义starter
前言：通过SpringBoot3+Vue3学习，我们可以学会单体前后端当中的常用技术，独立完成后端接口和页面的开发，大大提升编码能力.本课程需要jdk17+、idea2021+、maven3.5+，Spring3+Vue3
一、Spring Boot概述
Spring Boot是Spring提供的一个子项目，用于快速构建Spring应用程序
1、Spring Boot 特性
1.1 起步依赖
本质上就是一个Maven坐标，整合了完成一个功能需要的所有坐标
1.2 自动配置
遵循约定大约配置的原则，在boot程序启动后，一些bean对象会自动注入到ioc容器，不需要手动声明，简化开发。
1.3 其他特性
1.3.1 内嵌的Tomcat、Jetty (无需部署WAR文件)
1.3.2 外部化配置
1.3.3 不需要XML配置(properties/yml)
二、Spring Boot入门
1、一个入门程序需求
需求:使用SpringBoot开发一个web应用，浏览器发起请求/hello后，给浏览器返回字符串“hello world ~".
2、步骤
2.1 创建Maven工程
2.2 导入Spring-boot-start-web起步依赖
2.3 编写Controller
package com.bocai.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "Hello World!";
}
}
2.4 提供启动类
启动服务访问：http://localhost:8080/hello
3、手动创建SpringBoot工程（不重要）
3.1 创建Maven工程
3.2 引入依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.1.5</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>3.3 提供启动类
3.3.1 修改App文件名为启动类名
一般为项目名+Application
package com.bocai;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootQuickstartApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootQuickstartApplication.class, args);
}
}
3.3.2 手动生成resources文件夹
3.3.3 手动生成application.properies 等
三、SpringBoot配置文件
1、properties配置文件
server.port=9090
2、yaml配置文件（推荐）
server:
port: 9091
servlet:
context-path: /start2
3、yml配置信息书写与获取
2.1 第三方技术配置信息
2.2 自定义配置信息
发送邮件为例
2.2.1 引入发送邮件依赖
<!-- 发送邮件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.angus</groupId>
<artifactId>jakarta.mail</artifactId>
</dependency>2.2.2 工具类MailUtil
package com.bocai.utils;
import com.bocai.pojo.EmailProperties;
import jakarta.mail.*;
import jakarta.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;
public class MailUtil {
/**
* 发送邮件
* @param emailProperties 发件人信息(发件人邮箱,发件人授权码)及邮件服务器信息(邮件服务器域名,身份验证开关)
* @param to 收件人邮箱
* @param title 邮件标题
* @param content 邮件正文
* @return
*/
public static boolean sendMail(EmailProperties emailProperties, String to, String title, String content){
MimeMessage message = null;
try {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put("mail.smtp.host", emailProperties.getHost());
properties.put("mail.smtp.auth",emailProperties.isAuth());
properties.put("mail.user", emailProperties.getUser());
properties.put("mail.password", emailProperties.getCode());
// 构建授权信息，用于进行SMTP进行身份验证
Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(emailProperties.getUser(), emailProperties.getCode());
}
};
// 使用环境属性和授权信息，创建邮件会话
Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(properties, authenticator);
// 创建邮件消息
message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
//如果邮件创建失败,直接返回
if (message==null){
return false;
}
try {
// 设置发件人
InternetAddress form = new InternetAddress(emailProperties.getUser());
message.setFrom(form);
// 设置收件人
InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
// 设置邮件标题
message.setSubject(title);
// 设置邮件的内容体
message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 发送邮件
Transport.send(message);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
}2.2.3 controller
package com.bocai.controller;
import com.bocai.service.EmailServcie;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class EmailController {
@Autowired
private EmailServcie emailServcie;
@RequestMapping("/send")
public Boolean send(){
//收件人信箱
String to = "sdadae@qq.com";
//邮件标题
String title = "测试邮件";
//正文
String content = "使用java进行邮件发送测试的正文";
boolean flag = emailServcie.send(to,title,content);
return flag;
}
}
2.2.4 service
package com.bocai.service;
public interface EmailServcie {
boolean send(String to, String title, String content);
}
2.2.5 serviceImpl
package com.bocai.service.impl;
import com.bocai.pojo.EmailProperties;
import com.bocai.service.EmailServcie;
import com.bocai.utils.MailUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class EmailServiceImpl implements EmailServcie {
@Autowired
private EmailProperties emailProperties;
/**
*
* @param to 收件人邮箱
* @param title 标题
* @param content 正文
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean send(String to, String title, String content) {
boolean flag = MailUtil.sendMail(emailProperties,to,title,content);
return flag;
}
}
2.2.6 yml配置文件
server:
port: 9091
# 发送邮件配置信息
email:
user: 11332@qq.com
code: fdsdsfsdfs
host: smtp.qq.com
auth: true
本文使用的是这个
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "email")可忽略上面的红色提示不管
四、整合Mybatis-plus
1、pom
mybatis-plus在springboot3.X版本之后要使用3.5.3以上版本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.1.5</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.bocai</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-module</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>mybatis-plus-module</name>
<description>mybatis-plus-module</description>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 3、 引入mybatisplus -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.23</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<image>
<builder>paketobuildpacks/builder-jammy-base:latest</builder>
</image>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、yml
spring:
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot_vue?serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: @@@@0
mybatis-plus:
configuration:
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true # 在映射实体或者属性时，将数据库中表名和字段名中的下划线去掉，按照驼峰命名法映射
log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl # 控制台显示sql
default-enum-type-handler: com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.handlers.MybatisEnumTypeHandler # 配置全局枚举处理器，好像还有说json的
global-config:
db-config:
id-type: auto # 数据库id生产规则全局 配置 # ASSIGN_ID雪花算法，数据库id建议使用Long类型
logic-delete-field: deleted # 全局配置逻辑删除字段名
logic-delete-value: 0 # 全局配置# 逻辑已删除值(默认为 1)这里因为我是反的所以改成0
logic-not-delete-value: 1 # 逻辑未删除值(默认为 0）这里因为我是反的所以改成1
# table-prefix: tbl_ # 数据库表前缀全局配置
banner: false # 关闭控制台mybatis-plus的logo
# type-enums-package: com.bocai.enums # 扫描通用枚举包 或者使用上面那个枚举全局配置
3、emp.sql
-- 员工管理(带约束)
CREATE TABLE emp (
id INT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
username VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE COMMENT '用户名',
PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT '123456' COMMENT '密码',
NAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
gender TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT '性别, 说明: 1 男, 2 女',
image VARCHAR(300) COMMENT '图像',
job TINYINT UNSIGNED COMMENT '职位, 说明: 1 班主任,2 讲师, 3 学工主管, 4 教研主管, 5 咨询师',
entrydate DATE COMMENT '入职时间',
dept_id INT UNSIGNED COMMENT '部门ID',
create_time DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
update_time DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间'
) COMMENT '员工表';
INSERT INTO emp
(id, username, PASSWORD, NAME, gender, image, job, entrydate,dept_id, create_time, update_time) VALUES
(1,'jinyong','123456','金庸',1,'1.jpg',4,'2000-01-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(2,'zhangwuji','123456','张无忌',1,'2.jpg',2,'2015-01-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(3,'yangxiao','123456','杨逍',1,'3.jpg',2,'2008-05-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(4,'weiyixiao','123456','韦一笑',1,'4.jpg',2,'2007-01-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(5,'changyuchun','123456','常遇春',1,'5.jpg',2,'2012-12-05',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(6,'xiaozhao','123456','小昭',2,'6.jpg',3,'2013-09-05',1,NOW(),NOW()),
(7,'jixiaofu','123456','纪晓芙',2,'7.jpg',1,'2005-08-01',1,NOW(),NOW()),
(8,'zhouzhiruo','123456','周芷若',2,'8.jpg',1,'2014-11-09',1,NOW(),NOW()),
(9,'dingminjun','123456','丁敏君',2,'9.jpg',1,'2011-03-11',1,NOW(),NOW()),
(10,'zhaomin','123456','赵敏',2,'10.jpg',1,'2013-09-05',1,NOW(),NOW()),
(11,'luzhangke','123456','鹿杖客',1,'11.jpg',5,'2007-02-01',3,NOW(),NOW()),
(12,'hebiweng','123456','鹤笔翁',1,'12.jpg',5,'2008-08-18',3,NOW(),NOW()),
(13,'fangdongbai','123456','方东白',1,'13.jpg',5,'2012-11-01',3,NOW(),NOW()),
(14,'zhangsanfeng','123456','张三丰',1,'14.jpg',2,'2002-08-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(15,'yulianzhou','123456','俞莲舟',1,'15.jpg',2,'2011-05-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(16,'songyuanqiao','123456','宋远桥',1,'16.jpg',2,'2007-01-01',2,NOW(),NOW()),
(17,'chenyouliang','123456','陈友谅',1,'17.jpg',NULL,'2015-03-21',NULL,NOW(),NOW());4、统一返回类
package com.bocai.common;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Result {
private Integer code;//响应码，1 代表成功; 0 代表失败
private String msg; //响应信息 描述字符串
private Object data; //返回的数据
//增删改 成功响应
public static Result success(){
return new Result(1,"success",null);
}
//查询 成功响应
public static Result success(Object data){
return new Result(1,"success",data);
}
//失败响应
public static Result error(String msg){
return new Result(0,msg,null);
}
}
5、controller
package com.bocai.controller;
import com.bocai.common.Result;
import com.bocai.pojo.Emp;
import com.bocai.service.EmpService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/emps")
public class EmpController {
@Autowired
private EmpService empService;
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public Result queryById(@PathVariable Integer id){
Emp emp = empService.getById(id);
return Result.success(emp);
}
}
6、service
package com.bocai.service;
import com.bocai.pojo.Emp;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
/**
* @author cheng
* @description 针对表【emp(员工表)】的数据库操作Service
* @createDate 2023-11-13 16:53:52
*/
public interface EmpService extends IService<Emp> {
}
7、serviceImpl
package com.bocai.service.impl;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.bocai.pojo.Emp;
import com.bocai.service.EmpService;
import com.bocai.mapper.EmpMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @author cheng
* @description 针对表【emp(员工表)】的数据库操作Service实现
* @createDate 2023-11-13 16:53:52
*/
@Service
public class EmpServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<EmpMapper, Emp>
implements EmpService{
}
8、mapper
package com.bocai.mapper;
import com.bocai.pojo.Emp;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
/**
* @author cheng
* @description 针对表【emp(员工表)】的数据库操作Mapper
* @createDate 2023-11-13 16:53:52
* @Entity com.bocai.pojo.Emp
*/
@Mapper
public interface EmpMapper extends BaseMapper<Emp> {
}
http://localhost:8080/emps/1
五、Bean管理
1、Bean扫描
SpringBoot默认扫描启动类所在包及其子包
2、Bean注册
2.1 @Bean
2.1.1 @Bean方法一：启动类创建一个方法（不建议使用）
2.1.2 @Bean方法二：配置类（建议）
2.2 @Import
2.2.1 导入配置类
2.2.2 导入ImportSelector接口实现类
优化一下使用配置文件
package com.itheima.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportSelector;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CommonImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
//读取配置文件的内容
List<String> imports = new ArrayList<>();
InputStream is = CommonImportSelector.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("common.imports");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String line = null;
try {
while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
imports.add(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if (br!=null){
try {
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
return imports.toArray(new String[0]);
}
}
3、注册条件
package com.itheima.config;
import cn.itcast.pojo.Country;
import cn.itcast.pojo.Province;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class CommonConfig {
//注入Country对象
//如果配置文件中配置了指定的信息,则注入,否则不注入
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "country",name = {"name","system"})
@Bean
public Country country(@Value("${country.name}") String name,@Value("${country.system}") String system){
Country country = new Country();
country.setName(name);
country.setSystem(system);
return country ;
}
//对象默认的名字是: 方法名
//@Bean("aa")
//如果方法的内部需要使用到ioc容器中已经存在的bean对象,那么只需要在方法上声明即可,spring会自动的注入
/*@Bean
public Province province(Country country){
System.out.println("province: "+country);
return new Province();
}*/
//如果ioc容器中不存在Country,则注入Province,否则不注入
@Bean
//@ConditionalOnMissingBean(Country.class)
//如果当前环境中存在DispatcherServlet类,则注入Province,否则不注入
//如果当前引入了web起步依赖,则环境中有DispatcherServlet,否则没有
@ConditionalOnClass(name = "org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet")
public Province province(){
return new Province();
}
}
六、自动配置
七、自定义starter
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
package com.itheima.config;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationPackages;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.List;
@AutoConfiguration//表示当前类是一个自动配置类
public class MyBatisAutoConfig {
//SqlSessionFactoryBean
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSource){
SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
return sqlSessionFactoryBean;
}
//MapperScannerConfigure
@Bean
public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(BeanFactory beanFactory){
MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
//扫描的包:启动类所在的包及其子包
List<String> packages = AutoConfigurationPackages.get(beanFactory);
String p = packages.get(0);
mapperScannerConfigurer.setBasePackage(p);
//扫描的注解
mapperScannerConfigurer.setAnnotationClass(Mapper.class);
return mapperScannerConfigurer;
}
}
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports
com.itheima.config.MyBatisAutoConfig
<dependency>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>dmybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
