[游戏开发][Unity] ScriptableObject数据创建与各种加载方式

news2024/11/17 19:49:53

前言

ScriptableObject支持把类对象数据序列化成Unity asset文件，同时支持反序列化成类对象。本文章通过两个案例讲解ScriptableObject的使用方式，第一个是简单案例，序列化简单的bool值和Sting数据。第二个是复杂案例，在类对象里嵌套类对象并序列化成asset文件，再把它反序列化出来。

案例1

[CreateAssetMenu]
public class GameSetting : ScriptableObject
{
    public static GameSetting Instance;

    public bool AssetbundleMode;

    public string GameName = "Story";
}

案例2

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

[Serializable]
public class TestData
{
    public string Name;
    public int index;
}

[CreateAssetMenu]
public class TestScriptableObject : ScriptableObject
{
    public List<TestData> dataList = new List<TestData>();
}

正文

下面开始第一个案例，序列化数据如下

using UnityEngine;

[CreateAssetMenu]
public class GameSetting : ScriptableObject
{
    public static GameSetting Instance;
    public bool AssetbundleMode;
    public string GameName = "Test!!!!!";
}

创建Unity Aseet文件的两种方式

创建方式1，通过菜单创建，文件会出现在Assets文件夹内

创建方式2，通过代码创建，可以设置创建路径，并设置数据

private void CreateGameSetting()
{
    string path = "Assets/Works/Resource/AllGameSetting/GameSetting.asset";
    GameSetting setting = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<GameSetting>();
    setting.AssetbundleMode = true;
    setting.GameName = "Test!!!!!";
    AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(setting, path);
    AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
    AssetDatabase.Refresh();
}

加载GameSetting.asset的三种方式

方式1：Resources加载

GameSetting setting = Resources.Load<GameSetting>("GameSetting");

方式2：编辑器加载

  private void EditorLoadGameSetting()
    {
        GameSetting setting = AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<GameSetting>("Assets/Works/Resource/AllGameSetting/GameSetting.asset");
        Debug.LogError(setting.AssetbundleMode);
        FSMManager.Instance.Init();
    }

方式3：assetbundle加载GameSetting

把这个GameSetting.asset文件打包成ab包

 void LoadGameSettingFromBundle()
    {
        string loadPath = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/assets/works/resource/allgamesetting/gamesetting.unity3d";
        AssetBundle bundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(loadPath);
        //全路径加载也可以
        //GameSetting.Instance = bundle.LoadAsset<GameSetting>("assets/works/resource/allgamesetting/gamesetting.asset");
        GameSetting.Instance = bundle.LoadAsset<GameSetting>("GameSetting.asset");
        Debug.LogError("GameName: " + GameSetting.Instance.GameName);
    }

下面开始第二个复杂案例。

调用下面的代码都可以创建一个Unity Asset文件

private void GetBundleRelationFile()
{
    string path = "Assets/Works/Resource/AllGameSetting/TestData.asset";
    TestScriptableObject testData = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<TestScriptableObject>();
    AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(test, path);
    AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
    AssetDatabase.Refresh();
}

填充数据到Asset内

加载BundleRelation.asset的三种方式

方式1：Resources加载

把BundleRelation.asset拷贝到Resources文件夹内，执行下面代码

BundleRelation relation = Resources.Load<BundleRelation>("BundleRelation");

方式2：Editor加载

    private void EditorLoadBundleRelation()
    {
        BundleRelation setting = AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<BundleRelation>("Assets/Works/Resource/AllGameSetting/BundleRelation.asset");
        Debug.LogError(setting.AssetRefs.Length);
    }

方式3：Bundle加载

先打包成bundle

   public void LoadBundleRelation()
    {
        string loadPath = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/assets/works/resource/allgamesetting/testdata.unity3d";
        AssetBundle bundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(loadPath);
        TestScriptableObject TestData = bundle.LoadAsset<TestScriptableObject>("TestData.asset");
        Debug.LogError("TestScriptableObject.TestData.dataList[1].Name: " + TestData.dataList[1].Name);
        Debug.LogError("TestScriptableObject.TestData.dataList[1].Index: " + TestData.dataList[1].index);
    }