【手写数字识别】GPU训练版本

SVM

Adaboost

Bagging

完整代码 I

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, TensorDataset
from torchvision import transforms, datasets
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 超参数
batch_size = 64
num_epochs = 10

# 数据集准备
transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))])
train_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data/demo2', train=True, transform=transform, download=True)
test_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data/demo2', train=False, transform=transform, download=True)
train_loader = DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True)
test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False)

# SVM 模型 (在GPU上训练)
class SVMModel(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SVMModel, self).__init__()
        self.flatten = torch.nn.Flatten()  
        self.linear = torch.nn.Linear(28 * 28, 10)  

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.flatten(x)  
        return self.linear(x)

svm_model = SVMModel().cuda()
criterion = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(svm_model.parameters(), lr=0.01)

# 训练和评估
svm_train_losses = []
svm_test_accuracies = []

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(train_loader):
        data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
        outputs = svm_model(data)
        loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        svm_train_losses.append(loss.item())

    with torch.no_grad():
        test_accuracy = 0
        total = 0
        for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(test_loader):
            data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
            outputs = svm_model(data)
            _, predicted = torch.max(outputs, 1)
            test_accuracy += torch.sum(predicted == labels).item()
            total += labels.size(0)
        accuracy = (test_accuracy / total) * 100
        svm_test_accuracies.append(accuracy)
        print('SVM - Epoch [{}/{}], Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(epoch + 1, num_epochs, accuracy))

# Adaboost 模型 (在GPU上训练)
class AdaboostModel(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_estimators):
        super(AdaboostModel, self).__init__()
        self.num_estimators = num_estimators
        self.models = torch.nn.ModuleList([SVMModel() for _ in range(num_estimators)])

    def forward(self, x):
        outputs = torch.zeros(x.size(0), 10).cuda()
        for i in range(self.num_estimators):
            outputs += self.models[i](x)
        return outputs

adaboost_model = AdaboostModel(num_estimators=50).cuda()
criterion = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(adaboost_model.parameters(), lr=0.01)

# 训练和评估
adaboost_train_losses = []
adaboost_test_accuracies = []

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(train_loader):
        data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
        outputs = adaboost_model(data)
        loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        adaboost_train_losses.append(loss.item())

    with torch.no_grad():
        test_accuracy = 0
        total = 0
        for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(test_loader):
            data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
            outputs = adaboost_model(data)
            _, predicted = torch.max(outputs, 1)
            test_accuracy += torch.sum(predicted == labels).item()
            total += labels.size(0)
        accuracy = (test_accuracy / total) * 100
        adaboost_test_accuracies.append(accuracy)
        print('Adaboost - Epoch [{}/{}], Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(epoch + 1, num_epochs, accuracy))

# Bagging 模型 (在GPU上训练)
class BaggingModel(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_estimators):
        super(BaggingModel, self).__init__()
        self.num_estimators = num_estimators
        self.models = torch.nn.ModuleList([SVMModel() for _ in range(num_estimators)])

    def forward(self, x):
        outputs = torch.zeros(x.size(0), 10).cuda()
        for i in range(self.num_estimators):
            outputs += self.models[i](x)
        return outputs

bagging_model = BaggingModel(num_estimators=50).cuda()
criterion = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(bagging_model.parameters(), lr=0.01)

# 训练和评估
bagging_train_losses = []
bagging_test_accuracies = []

for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(train_loader):
        data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
        outputs = bagging_model(data)
        loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        bagging_train_losses.append(loss.item())

    with torch.no_grad():
        test_accuracy = 0
        total = 0
        for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(test_loader):
            data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
            outputs = bagging_model(data)
            _, predicted = torch.max(outputs, 1)
            test_accuracy += torch.sum(predicted == labels).item()
            total += labels.size(0)
        accuracy = (test_accuracy / total) * 100
        bagging_test_accuracies.append(accuracy)
        print('Bagging - Epoch [{}/{}], Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(epoch + 1, num_epochs, accuracy))

# 可视化
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 4))

plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)
plt.plot(svm_train_losses, label='SVM Train Loss')
plt.xlabel('Iterations')
plt.ylabel('Loss')
plt.legend()

plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
plt.plot(svm_test_accuracies, label='SVM Test Accuracy', color='orange')
plt.plot(adaboost_test_accuracies, label='Adaboost Test Accuracy', color='green')
plt.plot(bagging_test_accuracies, label='Bagging Test Accuracy', color='blue')
plt.xlabel('Epochs')
plt.ylabel('Accuracy (%)')
plt.legend()

plt.show()

在这里插入图片描述

从gpu使用率看：
在这里插入图片描述

完整代码 II

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, TensorDataset
from torchvision import transforms, datasets
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 超参数
batch_size = 64
num_epochs = 10

# 数据集准备
transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(), transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))])
train_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data/demo2', train=True, transform=transform, download=True)
test_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data/demo2', train=False, transform=transform, download=True)
train_loader = DataLoader(train_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True)
test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False)


# SVM 模型定义
class SVMModel(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SVMModel, self).__init__()
        self.flatten = torch.nn.Flatten()
        self.linear = torch.nn.Linear(28 * 28, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.flatten(x)
        return self.linear(x)


# Adaboost 模型定义
class AdaboostModel(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_estimators):
        super(AdaboostModel, self).__init__()
        self.num_estimators = num_estimators
        self.models = torch.nn.ModuleList([SVMModel() for _ in range(num_estimators)])

    def forward(self, x):
        outputs = torch.zeros(x.size(0), 10).cuda()
        for i in range(self.num_estimators):
            outputs += self.models[i](x)
        return outputs


# Bagging 模型定义
class BaggingModel(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_estimators):
        super(BaggingModel, self).__init__()
        self.num_estimators = num_estimators
        self.models = torch.nn.ModuleList([SVMModel() for _ in range(num_estimators)])

    def forward(self, x):
        outputs = torch.zeros(x.size(0), 10).cuda()
        for i in range(self.num_estimators):
            outputs += self.models[i](x)
        return outputs


# 训练函数
def train_model(model, train_loader, test_loader, num_epochs, optimizer, criterion):
    train_losses = []
    test_accuracies = []
    best_accuracy = 0

    for epoch in range(num_epochs):
        model.train()
        for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(train_loader):
            data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
            outputs = model(data)
            loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss.backward()
            optimizer.step()
            train_losses.append(loss.item())

        model.eval()
        with torch.no_grad():
            test_accuracy = 0
            total = 0
            for batch_idx, (data, labels) in enumerate(test_loader):
                data, labels = data.cuda(), labels.cuda()
                outputs = model(data)
                _, predicted = torch.max(outputs, 1)
                test_accuracy += torch.sum(predicted == labels).item()
                total += labels.size(0)
            accuracy = (test_accuracy / total) * 100
            test_accuracies.append(accuracy)

            # 更新最佳准确率和最佳模型
            if accuracy > best_accuracy:
                best_accuracy = accuracy
                best_model = model.state_dict()

            print('Epoch [{}/{}], Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(epoch + 1, num_epochs, accuracy))

    # 返回训练过程中的损失、准确率和最佳模型的状态字典
    return train_losses, test_accuracies, best_model


# 创建SVM模型、Adaboost模型和Bagging模型
svm_model = SVMModel().cuda()
adaboost_model = AdaboostModel(num_estimators=50).cuda()
bagging_model = BaggingModel(num_estimators=50).cuda()

# 损失函数和优化器
criterion = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
svm_optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(svm_model.parameters(), lr=0.01)
adaboost_optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(adaboost_model.parameters(), lr=0.01)
bagging_optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(bagging_model.parameters(), lr=0.01)

# 训练SVM模型
print('训练SVM模型：')
svm_train_losses, svm_test_accuracies, svm_best_model = train_model(svm_model, train_loader, test_loader, num_epochs,
                                                                    svm_optimizer, criterion)

# 训练Adaboost模型
print('训练Adaboost模型：')
adaboost_train_losses, adaboost_test_accuracies, adaboost_best_model = train_model(adaboost_model, train_loader,
                                                                                   test_loader, num_epochs,
                                                                                   adaboost_optimizer, criterion)

# 训练Bagging模型
print('训练Bagging模型：')
bagging_train_losses, bagging_test_accuracies, bagging_best_model = train_model(bagging_model, train_loader,
                                                                                test_loader, num_epochs,
                                                                                bagging_optimizer, criterion)

# SVM、Adaboost和Bagging三个模型在测试集上的最佳准确率
print('SVM Best Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(max(svm_test_accuracies)))
print('Adaboost Best Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(max(adaboost_test_accuracies)))
print('Bagging Best Test Accuracy: {:.2f}%'.format(max(bagging_test_accuracies)))

# 三个模型的准确率最好的放在一起进行可视化对比
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
plt.plot(svm_test_accuracies, label='SVM Test Accuracy', color='orange')
plt.plot(adaboost_test_accuracies, label='Adaboost Test Accuracy', color='green')
plt.plot(bagging_test_accuracies, label='Bagging Test Accuracy', color='blue')
plt.xlabel('Epochs')
plt.ylabel('Accuracy (%)')
plt.legend()
plt.show()