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🍒系列专栏:SSM框架
自动装配:
根据指定的策略,在IOC容器中匹配某一个bean,自动为指定的bean中所依赖的类类型或接口类
型属性赋值
①场景模拟
创建类
UserController
public class UserController {
private UserService userService;
public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
public void saveUser(){
userService.saveUser();
}
}
创建接口
UserService
public interface UserService {
void saveUser();
}
创建类
UserServiceImpl
实现接口
UserService
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
@Override
public void saveUser(){
userDao.saveUser();
}
}
创建接口
UserDao
public interface UserDao {
void saveUser();
}
创建类
UserDaoImpl
实现接口
UserDao
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void saveUser() {
System.out.println("保存成功");
}
}
②配置
bean
<bean id="userController" class="com.atguigu.spring.Controller.UserController">
<property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.atguigu.spring.Service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="com.atguigu.spring.Dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
③测试
@Test
public void test2(){
ConfigurableApplicationContext ioc = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-autowire-xml.xml");
UserController userController = ioc.getBean("userController", UserController.class);
userController.saveUser();
}
④使用bean标签的autowire属性设置自动装配效果
自动装配方式:byType
byType
:根据类型匹配
IOC
容器中的某个兼容类型的
bean
,为属性自动赋值
- 若在IOC中,没有任何一个兼容类型的bean能够为属性赋值,则该属性不装配,即值为默认值 null
- 若在IOC中,有多个兼容类型的bean能够为属性赋值,则抛出异常 NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException
<bean id="userController" class="com.atguigu.spring.Controller.UserController" autowire="byType">
<!-- <property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>-->
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.atguigu.spring.Service.impl.UserServiceImpl" autowire="byType">
<!-- <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>-->
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="com.atguigu.spring.Dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
⑤测试
自动装配方式:byName
byName
:将自动装配的属性的属性名,作为
bean
的
id
在
IOC
容器中匹配相对应的
bean
进行赋值
<bean id="userController" class="com.atguigu.spring.Controller.UserController" autowire="byName">
<!-- <property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>-->
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.atguigu.spring.Service.impl.UserServiceImpl" autowire="byName">
<!-- <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>-->
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="com.atguigu.spring.Dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>