1、显示逻辑

1.1MatplotlibWidget.py

import sys
import random
import matplotlib

matplotlib.use("Qt5Agg")
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QSizePolicy, QWidget
from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
    """FigureCanvas的最终的父类其实是QWidget。"""

    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):

        # 配置中文显示
        plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
        plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 用来正常显示负号

        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)  # 新建一个figure
        self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)  # 建立一个子图，如果要建立复合图，可以在这里修改

        plt.clf() # 每次绘图的时候不保留上一次绘图的结果

        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
        self.setParent(parent)

        '''定义FigureCanvas的尺寸策略，这部分的意思是设置FigureCanvas，使之尽可能的向外填充空间。'''
        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                                   QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                                   QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)

    '''绘制静态图，可以在这里定义自己的绘图逻辑'''

    def start_static_plot(self):
        self.fig.suptitle('测试静态图')
        t = arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
        s = sin(2 * pi * t)
        self.axes.plot(t, s)
        self.axes.set_ylabel('静态图：Y轴')
        self.axes.set_xlabel('静态图：X轴')
        self.axes.grid(True)

    '''启动绘制动态图'''

    def start_dynamic_plot(self, *args, **kwargs):
        timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)  # 每隔一段时间就会触发一次update_figure函数。
        timer.start(1000)  # 触发的时间间隔为1秒。

    '''动态图的绘图逻辑可以在这里修改'''

    def update_figure(self):
        self.fig.suptitle('测试动态图')
        l = [random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)]
        self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'r')
        self.axes.set_ylabel('动态图：Y轴')
        self.axes.set_xlabel('动态图：X轴')
        self.axes.grid(True)
        self.draw()


class MatplotlibWidget(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MatplotlibWidget, self).__init__(parent)
        self.initUi()

    def initUi(self):
        self.layout = QVBoxLayout(self)
        self.mpl = MyMplCanvas(self, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
        # self.mpl.start_static_plot() # 如果你想要初始化的时候就呈现静态图，请把这行注释去掉
        #self.mpl.start_dynamic_plot() # 如果你想要初始化的时候就呈现动态图，请把这行注释去掉
        self.mpl_ntb = NavigationToolbar(self.mpl, self)  # 添加完整的 toolbar

        self.layout.addWidget(self.mpl)
        self.layout.addWidget(self.mpl_ntb)

1.2Ui_matplotlib_pyqt.py

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from MatplotlibWidget import MatplotlibWidget
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.matplotlibwidget_static = MatplotlibWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.matplotlibwidget_static.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 0, 611, 271))
        self.matplotlibwidget_static.setObjectName("matplotlibwidget_static")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(670, 80, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic = MatplotlibWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic.setEnabled(True)
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 270, 611, 291))
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic.setObjectName("matplotlibwidget_dynamic")
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(670, 370, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 23))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "显示静态图"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "显示动态图"))

2、业务逻辑

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication

from Ui_matplotlib_pyqt import Ui_MainWindow


class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    """
    Class documentation goes here.
    """

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        """
        Constructor

        @param parent reference to the parent widget
        @type QWidget
        """
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic.setVisible(False)
        self.matplotlibwidget_static.setVisible(False)

    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_pushButton_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        self.matplotlibwidget_static.setVisible(True)
        self.matplotlibwidget_static.mpl.start_static_plot()


    @pyqtSlot()
    def on_pushButton_2_clicked(self):
        """
        Slot documentation goes here.
        """
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic.setVisible(True)
        self.matplotlibwidget_dynamic.mpl.start_dynamic_plot()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ui = MainWindow()
    ui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())