首先获取所要新增的字典，并且根据字典的value值选取对应的颜色参数

this.getDicts("risk_level").then(response => {
      const color = {mild:'#F1F4BD',moderate:'#EEC920',severe:'#FF6C0D',very_severe:'#FF0000',no_harm:'green'};
      const res = response.data.map((item)=>{
        return {
          color:color[item.dictValue],
          ...item
        }
      });
      this.risk_level_color = res;
      console.log(this.risk_level_color);
});

前端显示

el-option渲染，使用v-html进行渲染

<el-form-item label="风险等级" prop="riskLevel">
        <el-select
          v-model="queryParams.riskLevel"
          placeholder="风险等级"
          clearable
          style="width: 240px"
          ref="measureParamLevelId"
          @change="chageTextColor($event,'measureParamLevelId')"
        >
          <el-option
            v-for="dict in risk_level_color"
            :key="dict.dictValue"
            :label="dict.dictLabel"
            :value="dict.dictValue"
            v-html="'<span style=color:'+dict.color+'>'+dict.dictLabel+'</span>'"
          />
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>

method方法

chageTextColor($event, selectedRef) {
      const color = this.risk_level_color.filter((item)=>{return item.dictValue==$event})[0].color;
      // 改变下拉框颜色值
      this.$refs[selectedRef].$el.children[0].children[0].style.color = '' + color + ''
    },