简介

书接adjustText实践——调整matplotlib散点图标签，避免重复

上文中，matplotlib+adjustText对于我的实例来说并没有起到很好的效果。所以，博主决定在R中利用gglot2+ggrepel绘制，期待效果。

操作过程

博主不常使用R，在此过程中详细记录每一步骤，以作备忘。

1. R读取数据（openxlsx）

library(openxlsx)

fossils = read.xlsx("D://Work_Space/mahonia/1-化石记录/2023-3-17-Mahonia_fossils_leaf.xlsx")

2. 绘制散点图（ggplot2）

2.1 快速绘制散点图（plot）

library(ggplot2)

plot(fossils$Lon, fossils$Lat)

2.2 geom_point()

library(gcookbook)
library(dplyr)

ggplot(data = fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat)) + geom_point()

2.3 分组展示（分型和年龄）

library(openxlsx)

fossils <- read.xlsx("D://Work_Space/mahonia/1-化石记录/2023-3-17-Mahonia_fossils_leaf.xlsx")

simple_fossils <- fossils %>% select(Genus, Name, Epoch, Lon, Lat, Group)
library(ggplot2)

# plot(fossils$Lon, fossils$Lat)

library(gcookbook)
library(dplyr)

ggplot(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch)) + geom_point()

2.4 添加文本注释（geom_text()）

ggplot(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch)) + geom_point() + geom_text(aes(label = Name), size = 2)

3. 优化文本注释位置（ggrepel）

library(ggrepel)

ggplot(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch)) + geom_point() + geom_text_repel(aes(label = Name), size = 3)

可以看到有许多标签没有显示出来。

尝试减小字体

ggplot(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch)) + geom_point() + geom_label_repel(aes(label = Name), size = 1)

根据警示信息，增加max.overlaps

ggplot(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch)) + geom_point() + geom_label_repel(aes(label = Name), size = 2, max.overlaps = 30)

效果也不行，还是挤在一起。

4. 绘制世界地图

4.1 地图

world <- map_data("world")

world_map <- ggplot() + geom_map(data = world, map=world, aes(x=long, y=lat, map_id=region),color = "black", fill = "lightgray", size = 0.1)+scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(-180, 210, 45), labels = function(x){paste0(x, "°")}) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-60, 100, 30), labels = function(x){paste0(x, "°")})

world_map

4.2 散点地图

world_map + geom_point(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch))

4.2 合理调整文本

world_map + geom_point(data = simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, shape=Group, color=Epoch)) + geom_label_repel(data=simple_fossils %>% select(Lon, Lat, Group, Epoch, Name), aes(x=Lon, y=Lat, label=Name, color=Epoch,fontface="italic"), size=2, max.overlaps = 100, box.padding = 0.4, label.padding = 0.1)

后记

经过一番努力，达到的效果比python绘图要好一些。但是在保存图片时却不如python。后面再努努力吧。