学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发魂斗罗（七）
- 继续编写魂斗罗
- 1. 载入水中图片并添加在水中的标志
- 2. 修改玩家类函数
- 3. 增加河的碰撞体
- 4. 实现玩家在河中的样子
继续编写魂斗罗
在上次的博客学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发魂斗罗（六）中，我们实现玩家跳上和跳下，这次我们完成让玩家可以跳到水里
在水中，玩家的姿势会变得不一样，下面我们来实现一下
下面是图片的素材
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1X7tESkes_O6nbPxfpHD6hQ?pwd=hdly
提取码：hdly
1. 载入水中图片并添加在水中的标志
在玩家类的__init__()函数加载图片
# 加载玩家在水中的图片
self.upRightImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/up.png')
self.upLeftImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/up.png', True)
self.diveRightImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/dive.png')
self.diveLeftImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/dive.png', True)
self.standRightImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/stand.png')
self.standLeftImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/stand.png', True)
self.fireRightInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/standFire.png')
self.fireLeftInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/standFire.png', True)
self.obliqueRightInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/obliqueRight.png')
self.obliqueLeftInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/obliqueRight.png', True)
self.rightInWaterImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/inWater.png')
self.leftInWaterImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/inWater.png', True)
并且设置在水中的标志
self.isInWater = False
2. 修改玩家类函数
接下来我们把玩家类的函数进行调整
把原来update()函数中圈出的代码，写成一个函数landUpdate()
def landUpdate(self):
# 跳跃状态
if self.isJumping:
# 根据方向
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 方向向右，角色加载向右跳起的图片
self.image = self.upRightImages[self.upImageIndex]
else:
# 否则，方向向左，角色加载向左跳起的图片
self.image = self.upLeftImages[self.upImageIndex]
# 角色蹲下
if self.isSquating:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 加载向右蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downRightImage
else:
# 加载向左蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downLeftImage
# 角色站着
if self.isStanding:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if self.isUp:
# 加载向右朝上的图片
self.image = self.upRightImage
elif self.isDown:
# 加载向右蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downRightImage
else:
# 加载向右站着的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
else:
# 向左也是同样的效果
if self.isUp:
self.image = self.upLeftImage
elif self.isDown:
self.image = self.downLeftImage
else:
self.image = self.standLeftImage
# 角色移动
if self.isWalking:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if self.isUp:
# 加载斜右上的图片
self.image = self.obliqueUpRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
elif self.isDown:
# 加载斜右下的图片
self.image = self.obliqueDownRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
else:
# 加载向右移动的图片，根据开火状态是否加载向右开火移动的图片
if self.isFiring:
self.image = self.rightFireImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
self.image = self.rightImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
if self.isUp:
self.image = self.obliqueUpLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
elif self.isDown:
self.image = self.obliqueDownLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
else:
if self.isFiring:
self.image = self.leftFireImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
self.image = self.leftImages[self.imageIndex]
这个函数的作用是，如果玩家在陆地上，就按照这个函数来显示玩家的图片
我们再加一个waterUpdate()函数，作用是，如果玩家在水中，就按照这个函数来显示玩家的图片
def waterUpdate(self):
pass
里面的代码稍后写
之后把这两个函数在update()函数中调用一下
def update(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
# 更新站或者走的状态
# 根据状态响应按键
if self.state == State.STAND:
self.standing(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.WALK:
self.walking(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.JUMP:
self.jumping(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.FALL:
self.falling(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
# 更新动画
if self.isInWater:
self.waterUpdate()
else:
self.landUpdate()
然后呢，我们把玩家开火的代码也单独提出来形成函数
def fire(self, currentTime, playerBulletList):
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
之后在下面的这四个函数中调用一下
把原来的代码替换成函数
其他的函数也是一样
好，这样的话，这一步就完成了
下面我们把walking()函数修改一下
把圈出的代码提出来写成一个函数
def walkingInLand(self, currentTime):
# 如果当前是站立的图片
if self.isStanding:
# 方向向右，方向向上
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and self.isUp:
# 设置为向右朝上的图片
self.image = self.upRightImage
# 方向向右
elif self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and not self.isUp:
# 设置为向右站立的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and self.isUp:
self.image = self.upLeftImage
elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and not self.isUp:
self.image = self.standLeftImage
# 记下当前时间
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
# 如果是走动的图片，先判断方向
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 设置速度
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 根据上下方向觉得是否角色要加载斜射的图片
if self.isUp or self.isDown:
# isUp == True表示向上斜射
# isDown == True表示向下斜射
# 计算上一次加载图片到这次的时间，如果大于115，即11.5帧，即上次加载图片到这次加载图片之间，已经加载了11张图片
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
# 那么就可以加载斜着奔跑的图片
# 如果角色加载的图片不是第三张，则加载下一张就行
if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:
self.obliqueImageIndex += 1
# 否则就加载第一张图片
else:
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
# 不是斜射
else:
# 加载正常向右奔跑的图片
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.imageIndex < 2:
self.imageIndex += 1
else:
self.imageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
if self.isUp or self.isDown:
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:
self.obliqueImageIndex += 1
else:
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.imageIndex < 2:
self.imageIndex += 1
else:
self.imageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
把刚才圈出来的部分进行修改
再创建一个walkingInWater函数
def walkingInWater(self, currentTime):
pass
完整的代码
import pygame
from Constants import *
from Bullet import Bullet
class PlayerOne(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, currentTime):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
# 加载角色图片
self.standRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/stand.png')
self.standLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/stand.png')
self.upRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upRight(small).png')
self.upLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/upLeft(small).png')
self.downRightImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png')
self.downLeftImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Down/down.png', True)
self.obliqueUpRightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png'),
]
self.obliqueUpLeftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Up/rightUp3.png', True),
]
self.obliqueDownRightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png'),
]
self.obliqueDownLeftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/ObliqueDown/3.png', True),
]
# 角色向右的全部图片
self.rightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/run3.png')
]
# 角色向左的全部图片
self.leftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Left/run3.png')
]
# 角色跳跃的全部图片
self.upRightImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png'),
]
self.upLeftImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump3.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Jump/jump4.png', True),
]
self.rightFireImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png'),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png'),
]
self.leftFireImages = [
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire1.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire2.png', True),
loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Right/fire3.png', True),
]
# 加载玩家在水中的图片
self.upRightImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/up.png')
self.upLeftImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/up.png', True)
self.diveRightImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/dive.png')
self.diveLeftImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/dive.png', True)
self.standRightImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/stand.png')
self.standLeftImageInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/stand.png', True)
self.fireRightInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/standFire.png')
self.fireLeftInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/standFire.png', True)
self.obliqueRightInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/obliqueRight.png')
self.obliqueLeftInWater = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/obliqueRight.png', True)
self.rightInWaterImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/inWater.png')
self.leftInWaterImage = loadImage('../Image/Player/Player1/Water/inWater.png', True)
# 角色左右移动下标
self.imageIndex = 0
# 角色跳跃下标
self.upImageIndex = 0
# 角色斜射下标
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
# 上一次显示图片的时间
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
# 选择当前要显示的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
# 获取图片的rect
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# 设置角色的状态
self.state = State.FALL
# 角色的方向
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
# 速度
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
self.ySpeed = 0
self.jumpSpeed = -11
# 人物当前的状态标志
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = False
self.isJumping = True
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False
self.isInWater = False
# 重力加速度
self.gravity = 0.8
# 玩家上下方向
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = False
def update(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
# 更新站或者走的状态
# 根据状态响应按键
if self.state == State.STAND:
self.standing(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.WALK:
self.walking(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.JUMP:
self.jumping(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
elif self.state == State.FALL:
self.falling(keys, currentTime, playerBulletList)
# 更新动画
if self.isInWater:
self.waterUpdate()
else:
self.landUpdate()
def landUpdate(self):
# 跳跃状态
if self.isJumping:
# 根据方向
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 方向向右，角色加载向右跳起的图片
self.image = self.upRightImages[self.upImageIndex]
else:
# 否则，方向向左，角色加载向左跳起的图片
self.image = self.upLeftImages[self.upImageIndex]
# 角色蹲下
if self.isSquating:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 加载向右蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downRightImage
else:
# 加载向左蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downLeftImage
# 角色站着
if self.isStanding:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if self.isUp:
# 加载向右朝上的图片
self.image = self.upRightImage
elif self.isDown:
# 加载向右蹲下的图片
self.image = self.downRightImage
else:
# 加载向右站着的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
else:
# 向左也是同样的效果
if self.isUp:
self.image = self.upLeftImage
elif self.isDown:
self.image = self.downLeftImage
else:
self.image = self.standLeftImage
# 角色移动
if self.isWalking:
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
if self.isUp:
# 加载斜右上的图片
self.image = self.obliqueUpRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
elif self.isDown:
# 加载斜右下的图片
self.image = self.obliqueDownRightImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
else:
# 加载向右移动的图片，根据开火状态是否加载向右开火移动的图片
if self.isFiring:
self.image = self.rightFireImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
self.image = self.rightImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
if self.isUp:
self.image = self.obliqueUpLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
elif self.isDown:
self.image = self.obliqueDownLeftImages[self.obliqueImageIndex]
else:
if self.isFiring:
self.image = self.leftFireImages[self.imageIndex]
else:
self.image = self.leftImages[self.imageIndex]
def waterUpdate(self):
pass
def standing(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
"""角色站立"""
# 设置角色状态
self.isStanding = True
self.isWalking = False
self.isJumping = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = False
self.isFiring = False
# 设置速度
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = 0
# 按下A键
if keys[pygame.K_a]:
# A按下，角色方向向左
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态
self.state = State.WALK
# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为True
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
# 向左移动，速度为负数，这样玩家的x坐标是减小的
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下D键
elif keys[pygame.K_d]:
# D按下，角色方向向右
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
# 改变角色的状态，角色进入移动状态
self.state = State.WALK
# 设置站立状态为False，移动状态为True
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
# 向右移动，速度为正数
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下k键
elif keys[pygame.K_k]:
# K按下，角色进入跳跃状态，但是不会改变方向
self.state = State.JUMP
# 设置站立状态为False，跳跃状态为True
# 不改变移动状态，因为移动的时候也可以跳跃
self.isStanding = False
self.isJumping = True
# 设置速度，速度为负数，因为角色跳起后，要下落
self.isUp = True
self.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeed
# 没有按下按键
else:
# 没有按下按键，角色依然是站立状态
self.state = State.STAND
self.isStanding = True
# 按下w键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
# W按下，角色向上，改变方向状态
self.isUp = True
self.isStanding = True
self.isDown = False
self.isSquating = False
# 按下s键
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:
# S按下，角色蹲下，改变方向状态，并且蹲下状态设置为True
self.isUp = False
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = True
self.isSquating = True
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.fire(currentTime, playerBulletList)
def walking(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
"""角色行走，每10帧变换一次图片"""
self.isStanding = False
self.isWalking = True
self.isJumping = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False
self.ySpeed = 0
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
if self.isInWater:
self.walkingInWater(currentTime)
else:
self.walkingInLand(currentTime)
# 按下D键
if keys[pygame.K_d]:
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下A键
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 按下S键
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = True
# 按下W键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
self.isUp = True
self.isDown = False
# 没有按键按下
else:
self.state = State.STAND
# 移动时按下K键
if keys[pygame.K_k]:
# 角色状态变为跳跃
self.state = State.JUMP
self.ySpeed = self.jumpSpeed
self.isJumping = True
self.isStanding = False
self.isUp = True
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.fire(currentTime, playerBulletList)
def walkingInLand(self, currentTime):
# 如果当前是站立的图片
if self.isStanding:
# 方向向右，方向向上
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and self.isUp:
# 设置为向右朝上的图片
self.image = self.upRightImage
# 方向向右
elif self.direction == Direction.RIGHT and not self.isUp:
# 设置为向右站立的图片
self.image = self.standRightImage
elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and self.isUp:
self.image = self.upLeftImage
elif self.direction == Direction.LEFT and not self.isUp:
self.image = self.standLeftImage
# 记下当前时间
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
# 如果是走动的图片，先判断方向
if self.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
# 设置速度
self.xSpeed = PLAYER_X_SPEED
# 根据上下方向觉得是否角色要加载斜射的图片
if self.isUp or self.isDown:
# isUp == True表示向上斜射
# isDown == True表示向下斜射
# 计算上一次加载图片到这次的时间，如果大于115，即11.5帧，即上次加载图片到这次加载图片之间，已经加载了11张图片
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
# 那么就可以加载斜着奔跑的图片
# 如果角色加载的图片不是第三张，则加载下一张就行
if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:
self.obliqueImageIndex += 1
# 否则就加载第一张图片
else:
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
# 不是斜射
else:
# 加载正常向右奔跑的图片
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.imageIndex < 2:
self.imageIndex += 1
else:
self.imageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
self.xSpeed = -PLAYER_X_SPEED
if self.isUp or self.isDown:
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.obliqueImageIndex < 2:
self.obliqueImageIndex += 1
else:
self.obliqueImageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
else:
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.imageIndex < 2:
self.imageIndex += 1
else:
self.imageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
def walkingInWater(self, currentTime):
pass
def jumping(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
"""跳跃"""
# 设置标志
self.isJumping = True
self.isStanding = False
self.isDown = False
self.isSquating = False
self.isFiring = False
# 更新速度
self.ySpeed += self.gravity
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.upImageIndex < 3:
self.upImageIndex += 1
else:
self.upImageIndex = 0
# 记录变换图片的时间，为下次变换图片做准备
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
if keys[pygame.K_d]:
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
# 按下W键
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
self.isUp = True
self.isDown = False
elif keys[pygame.K_s]:
self.isUp = False
self.isDown = True
if self.ySpeed >= 0:
self.state = State.FALL
if not keys[pygame.K_k]:
self.state = State.FALL
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.fire(currentTime, playerBulletList)
def falling(self, keys, currentTime, playerBulletList):
# 下落时速度越来越快，所以速度需要一直增加
self.ySpeed += self.gravity
if currentTime - self.runLastTimer > 115:
if self.upImageIndex < 3:
self.upImageIndex += 1
else:
self.upImageIndex = 0
self.runLastTimer = currentTime
if keys[pygame.K_d]:
self.direction = Direction.RIGHT
self.isWalking = False
elif keys[pygame.K_a]:
self.direction = Direction.LEFT
self.isWalking = False
if keys[pygame.K_j]:
self.fire(currentTime, playerBulletList)
def fire(self, currentTime, playerBulletList):
self.isFiring = True
if len(playerBulletList) < PLAYER_BULLET_NUMBER:
if currentTime - self.fireLastTimer > 150:
playerBulletList.append(Bullet(self))
self.fireLastTimer = currentTime
3. 增加河的碰撞体
我们修改主类代码，增加河的碰撞体
首先增加一个列表，用来存放河的碰撞体
其次，创建初始化河碰撞体函数，并把河碰撞体列表放入总的碰撞体列表
def initRiver(self):
river1 = Collider(0, 215 * MAP_SCALE, 289 * MAP_SCALE, LAND_THICKNESS * MAP_SCALE, (0, 0, 255))
river2 = Collider(880, 215 * MAP_SCALE, 255 * MAP_SCALE, LAND_THICKNESS * MAP_SCALE, (0, 0, 255))
river3 = Collider(1680, 215 * MAP_SCALE, 737 * MAP_SCALE, LAND_THICKNESS * MAP_SCALE, (0, 0, 255))
MainGame.riverGroup.add(river1)
MainGame.riverGroup.add(river2)
MainGame.riverGroup.add(river3)
MainGame.colliderGroup.add(MainGame.riverGroup)
这里Collider()构造函数中要多一个参数，表示颜色，我们等下修改一下
之后，在update()函数中调用
def update(self, window, player1BulletList):
# 加载背景
window.blit(self.background, self.backRect)
# 更新物体
currentTime = pygame.time.get_ticks()
MainGame.allSprites.update(self.keys, currentTime, player1BulletList)
self.updatePlayerPosition()
drawPlayerOneBullet(player1BulletList)
# 摄像机移动
self.camera()
# 显示物体
MainGame.allSprites.draw(window)
for collider in MainGame.landGroup:
r = collider.draw(window, self.player1.rect.y)
# 如果没有画出来，表示玩家高度低于直线，所有把直线从组中删除
if not r:
# 删除前先检查一下是不是在组中
if collider in MainGame.colliderGroup:
# 删除并加入栈
MainGame.colliderStack.insert(0, collider)
MainGame.colliderGroup.remove(collider)
else:
# 如果画出来了，判断一下玩家距离是否高于线的距离
if collider.rect.y > self.player1.rect.bottom:
# 如果是的话，且冲突栈不为空，那么从栈中取出一个元素放入冲突组，最前面的元素一定是先如队列的
if len(MainGame.colliderStack) > 0:
f = MainGame.colliderStack.pop()
MainGame.colliderGroup.add(f)
MainGame.riverGroup.draw(window)
然后再修改一下Collider类的__init__()函数
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, color = (255, 0, 0)):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.Surface((width, height)).convert()
self.image.fill(color)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.x = x
self.rect.y = y
使创建的冲突默认为红色显示
最后在主类的__init__()函数中，把initRiver()函数调用一下
现在我们运行一下，看看效果
河的碰撞体出现了，我们人物可以站在上面
4. 实现玩家在河中的样子
当我掉落到河里时，应该是游泳的状态，我们要设置一下，在碰撞体那里设置
修改updatePlayerPosition()函数
增加代码
# 检测碰撞
# 这里是玩家和所有碰撞组中的碰撞体检测碰撞，如果发生了碰撞，就会返回碰撞到的碰撞体对象
collider = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.player1, MainGame.colliderGroup)
# 如果发生碰撞，判断是不是在河里
if collider in MainGame.riverGroup:
# 在河里设置isInWater
self.player1.isInWater = True
# 设置玩家在河里不能跳跃
self.player1.isJumping = False
# 默认落下去是站在河里的
self.player1.isStanding = True
# 玩家方向不能向下
self.player1.isDown = False
# 根据玩家方向，加载落入河中的一瞬间的图片
if self.player1.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.player1.image = self.player1.rightInWaterImage
else:
self.player1.image = self.player1.leftInWaterImage
# 判断是不是在陆地上
elif collider in MainGame.landGroup:
self.player1.isInWater = False
这里主要是判断碰撞体是陆地还是河，如果是河就要把 isInWater 设置为True，这样在显示人物图片的时候，就能够显示人在河里的图片
这个代码
# 根据玩家方向，加载落入河中的一瞬间的图片
if self.player1.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.player1.image = self.player1.rightInWaterImage
else:
self.player1.image = self.player1.leftInWaterImage
用来设置落入河中的一瞬间的图片，即下面的图片
这幅图是玩家落水溅出水花的图片
下面是完整的updatePlayerPosition()函数
def updatePlayerPosition(self):
# 在index的循环次数中，不进行碰撞检测，用来让玩家向下跳跃
if self.index > 0:
self.index -= 1
self.player1.rect.x += self.player1.xSpeed
self.player1.rect.y += self.player1.ySpeed
self.player1.isDown = False
else:
# 首先更新y的位置
self.player1.rect.y += self.player1.ySpeed
# 玩家向下跳跃，35次循环内不进行碰撞检测
if self.player1.state == State.JUMP and self.player1.isDown:
self.index = 35
# 玩家向上跳跃，15次循环内不进行碰撞检测
elif self.player1.state == State.JUMP and self.player1.isUp:
self.index = 15
else:
# 检测碰撞
# 这里是玩家和所有碰撞组中的碰撞体检测碰撞，如果发生了碰撞，就会返回碰撞到的碰撞体对象
collider = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.player1, MainGame.colliderGroup)
# 如果发生碰撞，判断是不是在河里
if collider in MainGame.riverGroup:
# 在河里设置isInWater
self.player1.isInWater = True
# 设置玩家在河里不能跳跃
self.player1.isJumping = False
# 默认落下去是站在河里的
self.player1.isStanding = True
# 玩家方向不能向下
self.player1.isDown = False
# 根据玩家方向，加载落入河中的一瞬间的图片
if self.player1.direction == Direction.RIGHT:
self.player1.image = self.player1.rightInWaterImage
else:
self.player1.image = self.player1.leftInWaterImage
# 判断是不是在陆地上
elif collider in MainGame.landGroup:
self.player1.isInWater = False
# 如果发生碰撞
if collider:
# 判断一下人物的y速度，如果大于0，则说明玩家已经接触到了碰撞体表面，需要让玩家站在表面，不掉下去
if self.player1.ySpeed > 0:
self.player1.ySpeed = 0
self.player1.state = State.WALK
self.player1.rect.bottom = collider.rect.top
else:
# 否则的话，我们创建一个玩家的复制
tempPlayer = copy.copy(self.player1)
# 让玩家的纵坐标—+1，看看有没有发生碰撞
tempPlayer.rect.y += 1
# 如果没有发生碰撞，就说明玩家下面不是碰撞体，是空的
if not pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(tempPlayer, MainGame.colliderGroup):
# 如果此时不是跳跃状态，那么就让玩家变成下落状态，因为玩家在跳跃时，是向上跳跃，不需要对下面的物体进行碰撞检测
if tempPlayer.state != State.JUMP:
self.player1.state = State.FALL
tempPlayer.rect.y -= 1
# 更新x的位置
self.player1.rect.x += self.player1.xSpeed
# 同样的检查碰撞
collider = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.player1, MainGame.colliderGroup)
# 如果发生了碰撞
if collider:
# 判断玩家的x方向速度，如果大于0，表示右边有碰撞体
if self.player1.xSpeed > 0:
# 设置玩家的右边等于碰撞体的左边
self.player1.rect.right = collider.rect.left
else:
# 左边有碰撞体
self.player1.rect.left = collider.rect.right
self.player1.xSpeed = 0
此时我们运行，会是如下情况
因为此时是isInWater状态，玩家类的update()函数执行的显示图片的函数是空语句，所以，图片会保持之前的样子，之前我们设置了图片是落水溅出水花的，所以现在我们就看到了上面这幅图片
下面我们对玩家类的waterUpdate()函数进行修改
