ABAP 新语法 - corresponding

news2025/4/7 16:22:40

在 ABAP 中，CORRESPONDING 操作符用于根据字段名称自动映射结构体（Structure）或内表（Internal Table）的字段值。它比传统的 MOVE-CORRESPONDING 语句更灵活，支持更多控制选项。

基础用法

data: begin of ls_person,
        name type string,
        age  type i,
      end of ls_person.

data: begin of ls_target,
        name type string,
        age  type i,
      end of ls_target.

ls_person-name = 'John'.
ls_person-age = 18.

ls_target = corresponding #( ls_person ).
write: / ls_target-name, ls_target-age.

功能：将 source 中与 target 同名字段的字段值复制到 target。
要求：源和目标字段名称相同且类型兼容。

高级用法

MAPPING 子句用于字段名称不同时的显式映射。

target = CORRESPONDING #( source MAPPING target_field = source_field ... ).

示例：

data: begin of ls_source,
        firstname type string,
        birthdate type d,
      end of ls_source.

data: begin of ls_target,
        name type string,
        dob  type d,
      end of ls_target.

ls_source-firstname = 'Alice'.
ls_source-birthdate = '19900101'.

ls_target = corresponding #( ls_source mapping name = firstname dob = birthdate ).
write: / ls_target-name, ls_target-dob.

2. EXCEPT 子句排除不需要映射的字段。

target = CORRESPONDING #( source EXCEPT field1 field2 ... ).

3. BASE 子句保留目标变量的现有值，仅覆盖映射的字段。

target = CORRESPONDING #( BASE (target) source ).

示例：

data: begin of ls_source,
        firstname type string,
        birthdate type d,
      end of ls_source.

data: begin of ls_target,
        name type string,
        dob  type d,
      end of ls_target.

ls_source-firstname = 'Alice'.
ls_source-birthdate = '19900101'.

ls_target-name = 'Bob'.
ls_target-dob = '20000101'.

" name = 'Alice'（覆盖），dob = '20000101'（保留）
ls_target = corresponding #( BASE ( ls_target ) ls_source mapping name = firstname ).
write: / ls_target-name, ls_target-dob.