交换技术综合实验

news2025/4/1 13:44:05

一、实验拓扑

二、实验要求

内网IP地址使用172.16.0.0/16分配。

SW1和SW2之间互为备份。

VRRP/STP/VLAN/Eth-trunk均使用。

所有PC通过DHCP获取IP地址。

ISP只能配置IP地址。

所有电脑可以正常访问ISP路由器。

三、实验步骤

基于172.16.0.0/16进行划分

172.16.2.0/24：VLAN 2

172.16.3.0/24：VLAN 3

172.16.4.0/24：R1和SW1

172.16.5.0/24：R1和SW2

100.0.0.0/24：公网地址，R1和ISP

1.配置聚合链路和vlan

2.配置MSTP

[sw3]stp region-configuration
[sw3-mst-region]region-name aa
[sw3-mst-region]revision-level 1
[sw3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2
[sw3-mst-region]instance 3 vlan 3
[sw3-mst-region]active region-configuration

[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp edged-port enable

[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp bpdu-filter enable

[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]stp edged-port enable

[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]stp bpdu-filter enable

sw4同上配置

[sw1]stp region-configuration
[sw1-mst-region]region-name aa
[sw1-mst-region]revision-level 1
[sw1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2
[sw1-mst-region]instance 3 vlan 3
[sw1-mst-region]active region-configuration

[sw1]stp instance 2 root primary
[sw1]stp instance 3 root secondary

sw2同sw1

配置结果

配置虚拟网关vlanif与链路vlanif：

# SW1上：
[sw1]int Vlanif 2
[sw1-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.2.1 24

[sw1-Vlanif2]int vlanif 3
[sw1-Vlanif3]ip add 172.16.3.1 24

# SW2上：
[sw2]int Vlanif 2
[sw2-Vlanif2]ip add 172.16.2.2 24

[sw2-Vlanif2]int vlanif 3
[sw2-Vlanif3]ip add 172.16.3.2 24

# SW1上：
[sw1]vlan 4
[sw1-vlan4]int vlanif 4
[sw1-Vlanif4]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[sw1-Vlanif4]int g0/0/5
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 4
[sw1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.4.2 //配置缺省指向R1

# SW2上：
[sw2]vlan 5
[sw2-vlan5]int vlanif 5
[sw2-Vlanif5]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
[sw2-Vlanif5]int g0/0/5
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 5
[sw2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.5.2

配置VRRP

# SW1上：
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 172.16.2.3
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 priority 110
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 track interface Vlanif 4 reduced 20
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode timer delay 20

[sw1-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 172.16.3.3

# SW2上：
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 172.16.2.3

[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 172.16.3.3
[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 3 priority 110
[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 3 track interface Vlanif 5 reduced 20
[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 3 preempt-mode timer delay 20

在R1配置DHCP：开启服务添加地址池在接口分发

[r1]ip route-static 172.16.2.0 24 172.16.4.1
[r1]ip route-static 172.16.3.0 24 172.16.4.1
[r1]ip route-static 172.16.2.0 24 172.16.5.1
[r1]ip route-static 172.16.3.0 24 172.16.5.1

配置静态路由后要在sw1、sw2开启DHCP中继

随后查看pc1 和pc3IP

配置公网IP 在ISP配置环回接口在R1是设置acl通过easy-ip的方式实现公私分离

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 100.0.0.1 24
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 100.0.0.2

# ISP上：
[ISP]int g0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 100.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24

[r1]acl 2000
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000