1. description

• 功能：按一定比例的随机部分样本，简单来说就是按照一定的比例将行向量从小到大的顺序提取出来。
• 思考1： 用了均匀分布，并且按照一定比例，取前prob概率来表示
• 思考2：用了torch.argsort 来生成idx_shuffle 来的到快速从小到大排序的
• 思考3：用了torch.gather 来配合idx_shuffle 来找到最小的部分数据
• 思考4：用了torch.gather+idx_restore+ones_like matrix 组合的方式生成mask矩阵
• 小结：主要配合torch.argsort+torch.gather的方式生成相关的mask矩阵和最小矩阵和恢复矩阵，代码的巧妙运用很具备参考意义。

2. excel

3. pytorch code

• pytorch

import torch
import torch.nn as nn

torch.set_printoptions(precision=3, sci_mode=False)
torch.manual_seed(2324)


def random_masking(x, mask_ratio):
    """
    Perform per-sample random masking by per-sample shuffling.
    Per-sample shuffling is done by argsort random noise.
    x: [N, L, D], sequence
    """
    N, L, D = x.shape  # batch, length, dim
    len_keep = int(L * (1 - mask_ratio))

    noise = torch.rand(N, L, device=x.device)  # noise in [0, 1]

    # sort noise for each sample
    ids_shuffle = torch.argsort(noise, dim=1)  # ascend: small is keep, large is remove
    ids_restore = torch.argsort(ids_shuffle, dim=1)

    # keep the first subset
    ids_keep = ids_shuffle[:, :len_keep]
    x_masked = torch.gather(x, dim=1, index=ids_keep.unsqueeze(-1).repeat(1, 1, D))

    # generate the binary mask: 0 is keep, 1 is remove
    mask = torch.ones([N, L], device=x.device)
    mask[:, :len_keep] = 0
    # unshuffle to get the binary mask
    mask = torch.gather(mask, dim=1, index=ids_restore)

    return x_masked, mask, ids_restore


if __name__ == "__main__":
    run_code = 0
    bs = 2
    seq_len = 8
    seq_dim = 10
    mx_total = bs * seq_dim * seq_len
    a_matrix = torch.arange(mx_total).reshape((bs, seq_len, seq_dim))
    a_x_masked, a_mask, a_ids_restore = random_masking(a_matrix, mask_ratio=0.4)
    print(f"a_matrix=\n{a_matrix}")
    print(f"a_x_masked=\n{a_x_masked}")
    print(f"a_mask=\n{a_mask}")
    print(f"a_ids_restore=\n{a_ids_restore}")

• result

a_matrix=
tensor([[[  0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9],
         [ 10,  11,  12,  13,  14,  15,  16,  17,  18,  19],
         [ 20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29],
         [ 30,  31,  32,  33,  34,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39],
         [ 40,  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,  47,  48,  49],
         [ 50,  51,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56,  57,  58,  59],
         [ 60,  61,  62,  63,  64,  65,  66,  67,  68,  69],
         [ 70,  71,  72,  73,  74,  75,  76,  77,  78,  79]],

        [[ 80,  81,  82,  83,  84,  85,  86,  87,  88,  89],
         [ 90,  91,  92,  93,  94,  95,  96,  97,  98,  99],
         [100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109],
         [110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119],
         [120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129],
         [130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139],
         [140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149],
         [150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159]]])
a_x_masked=
tensor([[[ 10,  11,  12,  13,  14,  15,  16,  17,  18,  19],
         [  0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9],
         [ 20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29],
         [ 60,  61,  62,  63,  64,  65,  66,  67,  68,  69]],

        [[ 90,  91,  92,  93,  94,  95,  96,  97,  98,  99],
         [120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129],
         [140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149],
         [ 80,  81,  82,  83,  84,  85,  86,  87,  88,  89]]])
a_mask=
tensor([[0., 0., 0., 1., 1., 1., 0., 1.],
        [0., 0., 1., 1., 0., 1., 0., 1.]])
a_ids_restore=
tensor([[1, 0, 2, 4, 7, 6, 3, 5],
        [3, 0, 6, 4, 1, 5, 2, 7]])