论文概览 |《Sustainable Cities and Society》2024.12 Vol.116

本次给大家整理的是《Sustainable Cities and Society》杂志2024年12月第116期的论文的题目和摘要，一共包括52篇SCI论文！

论文1

Enhancing road traffic flow in sustainable cities through transformer models: Advancements and challenges

通过变压器模型增强可持续城市道路交通流：进展与挑战

【摘要】

Efficient traffic flow is crucial for sustainable cities, as it directly impacts energy consumption, pollution levels, and overall quality of life. The integration of superficial intelligence, particularly transformer models, plays a significant role in enhancing the predictive capabilities for traffic management, thereby supporting sustainable urban development. In this survey, we explored the application of transformer models to predict and optimize traffic flow in sustainable cities. These models leverage advanced machine learning to capture intricate spatiotemporal patterns,thereby providing valuable insights for urban planners and traffic management centers. By systematically reviewing the literature, we emphasize the importance of transformer models in urban planning and sustainable resource use. Our study demonstrates how transformer models can learn complex spatiotemporal patterns from traffic data by incorporating both real-time and historical data to enhance prediction accuracy. This improved predictive capability aids the development of smart cities by reducing traffic congestion, facilitating smoother movement for city dwellers and tourists, and ultimately contributing to the sustainability goals of urban areas. This comprehensive review highlights the transformative potential of predictive modeling using transformer models, underscoring their critical role in optimizing urban infrastructure and promoting sustainable city development.

【摘要翻译】高效的交通流对可持续城市至关重要，因为它直接影响能源消耗、污染水平和整体生活质量。特别是集成表面智能，尤其是变压器模型（transformer models），在增强交通管理的预测能力方面发挥着重要作用，从而支持可持续的城市发展。在这项调查中，我们探索了变压器模型在可持续城市中预测和优化交通流的应用。这些模型利用先进的机器学习来捕捉复杂的时空模式，为城市规划者和交通管理中心提供宝贵的洞察。通过系统地审查文献，我们强调了变压器模型在城市规划和可持续资源利用中的重要性。我们的研究表明，变压器模型可以通过结合实时和历史数据来学习交通数据中的复杂时空模式，从而提高预测准确性。这种提高的预测能力有助于智能城市的发展，减少交通拥堵，为城市居民和游客提供更顺畅的流动，并最终为城市地区的可持续性目标做出贡献。这项全面的综述强调了使用变压器模型进行预测建模的变革潜力，强调了它们在优化城市基础设施和促进可持续城市发展中的关键作用。

论文2

Exhaustive overview of advances in integrating renewable energy sources into district heating systems
全面概述将可再生能源集成到区域供热系统中的进展

【摘要】The COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented in scale and impact, has significantly influenced consumer spending. This study leverages a longitudinal transaction dataset from South Korea to analyze how the pandemic, social distancing policies, and pandemic-related search interest have shaped spending within and across cities. We examine transaction volume and expenditure amount as city-level indicators of activity intensity and consumption demand across four stages of the early pandemic. The study finds that: (1) Social distancing caused reductions in both residents' and travelers' spending. The increase in search interest coincided with a rise in residents' spending but a decline in travelers' spending; (2) Resident transactions experienced a moderate and persistent decline across all stages, while expenditure rebounded after the 1st national outbreak. Traveler transactions and expenditure showed similar trends, with declines during outbreaks and recoveries during stable periods; (3) Disparities across cities were associated with proximity to outbreak centers and socioeconomic attributes. Cities with larger populations or those closer to epicenters experienced greater reductions in spending, while less densely populated cities saw increased traveler spending during the 2nd stable period; (4) Travelers' spending from distant cities significantly decreased during the 1st outbreak but gradually recovered as the pandemic continued, indicating evolving behavior and adaptation; (5) Changes across spending categories exhibited significant heterogeneity. Residents showed increased demand for essential goods and online shopping, while recreation-related industries struggled throughout. These findings highlight the characteristics and disparities among consumers, cities, and industries, providing information for policymakers to formulate tailored support programs for industries experiencing increased demand or significant impacts. This study emphasizes the need to develop robust strategies for crisis management and economic resilience to mitigate the impacts of future health crises.

【摘要翻译】

本研究提供了区域供热系统（DHSs）各个方面最新进展的全面概述，重点关注与不同可再生能源（RES）集成的第四代和第五代热分布网络。研究强调了应用于DHSs的各种先进可再生技术的综合方法，如太阳能和地热能、生物质、工业废热，特别是传统热泵（HPs）和太阳能辅助热泵与太阳能热（ST）、光伏（PV）或光伏-热（PV/T）板在弹性和可持续建筑和DHS中的实施，以提高能源和环境性能。制冷剂的无效性可以用来快速评估仅通过运行温度值的HP能效，并评估HP-PV/T混合系统的能量性能，还考虑了使用全球季节性能因子（SPFHP-PV）。此外，它还展示了使用作为涡轮机工作的泵从DHSs中回收过度压力的可能性。研究还描述了DHSs的主要组成部分和演变，简要回顾了低温和超低温DHSs，以及将钻孔和热水热能储存（TES）技术实施到DHS中。它还讨论了DHS的主要优化技术、仿真工具、控制方法和维护，以及RES与DHS的替代连接模式。最后，一些原始研究和文献综述包括在弹性和可持续建筑和DHS中实施各种RES的几个应用。

论文3

Longitudinal association between urban blue-green space exposure and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exposure types and buffers
城市蓝绿空间暴露与死亡率之间的纵向关联：关于暴露类型和缓冲区的系统评价与荟萃分析

【摘要】Exposure to urban blue-green space1(UBGS) affects human health, but how to integrate long-term exposure to guide the measurement and intervention of UBGS remains unclear. We aimed to synthesize the latest evidence from longitudinal cohort studies on the association between objectively measured UBGS exposure and mortality, highlighting differences in health effect sizes across exposure types and buffers. We systematically reviewed articles published through January 2024 from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus and conducted a meta-analysis of the longitudinal associations between exposure and mortality in 21 studies involving 28,700,187 participants from 14 countries with a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Quantitative assessment indicated that the normalized difference vegetation index from satellite data and the green proportion from land use or land cover were protective against all-cause mortality: the former had a significantly larger effect size (per 0.1-unit increase, pooled HR 95 % CI: 0.97, 0.96–0.98) and showed the greatest effect at 500 m compared with the ≤300 m and ≥1000 m buffers. UBGS exposure had a more pronounced protective effect on respiratory mortality than on all-cause, circulatory, and cancer mortality, with opposite trends across buffer sizes. The findings were primarily for green space, as studies on blue space were limited in number and included varied metrics. Although the hazard ratios were fully adjusted for sociodemographic covariates and buffered subgroup analysis was conducted, residual confounding cannot be completely excluded. Further research should focus on differences in exposure types, especially blue spaces, analyze potential mechanisms, and validate the findings across different geographical contexts.

【摘要翻译】
城市蓝绿空间（UBGS）暴露对人类健康有影响，但如何整合长期暴露以指导UBGS的测量和干预仍不清楚。我们的目标是综合来自纵向队列研究的最新证据，研究客观测量的UBGS暴露与死亡率之间的关联，强调不同暴露类型和缓冲区之间健康效应大小的差异。我们系统性地回顾了截至2024年1月在PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus上发表的文章，并对21项研究中的暴露与死亡率之间的纵向关联进行了荟萃分析，这些研究涉及来自14个国家的28,700,187名参与者，随访中位数为10.3年。定量评估表明，来自卫星数据的归一化差异植被指数和土地利用或土地覆盖的绿地比例对全因死亡率具有保护作用：前者的效应大小显著更大（每增加0.1单位，合并风险比（HR）95%置信区间：0.97，0.96–0.98），在500米缓冲区内的效果最大，相较于≤300米和≥1000米的缓冲区。UBGS暴露对呼吸系统死亡率的保护作用比对全因死亡率、循环系统死亡率和癌症死亡率的保护作用更为显著，且在不同缓冲区大小之间呈现相反的趋势。研究结果主要针对绿地，因为关于蓝地的研究数量有限且包含的指标各异。尽管风险比已针对社会人口学协变量进行了全面调整，并进行了缓冲区子组分析，但仍无法完全排除残余混杂的可能性。未来的研究应关注暴露类型的差异，特别是蓝地，分析潜在机制，并在不同地理背景下验证研究结果。

论文4

Bridging smart technologies and healthy cities: A scoping review using WHO's 6P framework
连接智能技术与健康城市：使用世界卫生组织6P框架的范围综述

【摘要】Urbanization's public health challenges have led to smart city initiatives, but the integration of these technologies within the World Health Organization's (WHO) Healthy Cities framework remains underexplored. This study maps the smart technologies employed for urban health and examines their alignment with the six components of the WHO framework: People, Place, Participation, Prosperity, Peace, and Planet. A scoping review of literature published between 2000 and 2024 was performed by searching five databases. Studies were included if they described smart technologies used for urban health and were published in English and peer-reviewed journal articles or conference papers. An analysis of 41 studies revealed that sensors, web applications, and machine learning were the most used technologies. Place-related technologies were predominant, focusing on environmental monitoring and infrastructure management. While the other themes were well represented, there was a notable absence of People and Participation-related technologies. This study provides comprehensive mapping of smart technologies within the WHO's framework, contributing to the goal of sustainable and healthy cities. Findings highlight the significant gap in human-centric and participatory approaches, emphasizing the need for more inclusive and equitable cities. Future research and policy should prioritize integrating underrepresented themes to better align with the WHO's Healthy Cities vision.

【摘要翻译】
城市化带来的公共卫生挑战促使了智能城市倡议的产生，但这些技术在世界卫生组织（WHO）健康城市框架内的整合仍待深入探索。本研究将用于城市健康的智慧技术与WHO框架的六个组成部分进行了对应：人（People）、地点（Place）、参与（Participation）、繁荣（Prosperity）、和平（Peace）和地球（Planet）。通过对2000年至2024年间发表的文献进行范围综述，搜索了五个数据库。如果研究描述了用于城市健康的智慧技术，并且是发表在英语同行评审期刊文章或会议论文中，那么这些研究就被纳入本综述。对41项研究的分析显示，传感器、网络应用和机器学习是最常用的技术。与地点相关的技术占主导地位，重点关注环境监测和基础设施管理。虽然其他主题也有很好地体现，但与“人”和“参与”相关的技术明显缺失。本研究在WHO框架内对智慧技术进行了全面的对应，为实现可持续和健康城市的目标做出了贡献。研究结果突出了以人为中心和参与性方法方面的重要差距，强调了建设更具包容性和公平性城市的必要性。未来的研究和政策应优先整合代表性不足的主题，以更好地与WHO的健康城市愿景保持一致。

论文5

Multi-period Charging Infrastructure Planning under Uncertainty: Challenges and Opportunities
多时期充电基础设施规划中的不确定性：挑战与机遇

【摘要】Long-term charging infrastructure planning is imperative to sustain the rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in line with climate goals. While the literature on spatial planning of charging infrastructure is well documented, the temporal dimension has received limited attention. This paper comprehensively reviews the literature on multi-period charging infrastructure planning under uncertainty. It examines the complex interplay between EV mobility and the energy sector. Four gaps are identified after examining 44 pertinent studies published from January 1990 to March 2024.Firstly, current models are predominantly deterministic and myopic, lacking a forward-looking approach to accommodate future uncertainties. Secondly, most studies rely on EVs’ aggregated mobility and charging patterns, leading to inaccurate charging demand forecasts and suboptimal plans. Addressing this requires integrating vehicle-level agent-based models that accurately depict EVs’ charging patterns, and their interactions with charging stations and the grid. Thirdly, the impact of improved charging infrastructure on EV adoption is generally ignored. Joint consideration of charging demand forecasting with infrastructure planning is essential to incorporate such infrastructure-demand feedback loops. Lastly, current planning frameworks show limited integration of grid expansion, operations, and renewable energy sources To address these gaps, we propose a dynamic programming-based framework and solution approach to this planning problem.

【摘要翻译】
长期充电基础设施规划对于支持电动汽车（EV）的快速采用以实现气候目标至关重要。尽管关于充电基础设施空间规划的文献已有充分记录，但时间维度却鲜有关注。本文全面回顾了在不确定性下多时期充电基础设施规划的文献。它考察了电动汽车流动性与能源部门之间复杂的相互作用。在审查了从1990年1月至2024年3月发表的44项相关研究后，我们识别出了四个差距。首先，当前模型主要是确定性的和短视的，缺乏前瞻性的方法来适应未来的不确定性。其次，大多数研究依赖于电动汽车的聚合流动性和充电模式，导致充电需求预测不准确和次优的规划。解决这一问题需要整合能够准确描述电动汽车充电模式及其与充电站和电网互动的车辆级代理模型。第三，改善充电基础设施对电动汽车采用的影响通常被忽视。联合考虑充电需求预测与基础设施规划是必要的，以纳入这种基础设施需求反馈循环。最后，当前规划框架显示对电网扩展、运营和可再生能源的整合有限。为了解决这些差距，我们提出了一个基于动态规划的框架和解决方案，以解决这一规划问题。

论文6

An integrated hydrological-hydrogeological model for analysing spatio-temporal probability of groundwater infiltration in urban infrastructure
用于分析城市基础设施中地下水渗透的时空概率的综合水文-水文地质模型

【摘要】While groundwater serves as a valuable resource, its infiltration poses significant challenges to urban infrastructure. This study develops and demonstrates a computationally efficient spatio-temporal analysis of groundwater infiltration (GWI) in urban facilities, specifically sewer networks (SNs), within the Lower River Otter Water Body, United Kingdom. To achieve this, the Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework was employed, considering geology, geomorphology, hydrology, hydrogeology, climate, and topography. The proposed model encompasses 16 thematic maps, categorised into 6 groups: (1) groundwater (groundwater depth (GWD)); (2) altitude (elevation, slope, and topographic wetness index); (3) precipitation (monthly precipitation); (4) ground cover (rock permeability, alluvial permeability, soil type, land cover, and made ground); (5) earth movement (fault proximity, fault length density, and mass movement); and (6) runoff (river, flood potential, and drainage density). Expert judgment, F-analysis, and AHP were applied to the layers for classification, normalisation, and weight assignment, respectively. Verified by data from outfalls, GWI probability maps were generated considering the shallowest GWD and highest precipitation for temporal analysis. Overall, higher GWI probability scores were found in regions with shallower GWD, lower elevations, especially near river, and higher permeabilities. Assigning a probability score between 0 and 1 for each 1-metre area in each season, the vulnerability maps can guide water agencies in implementing protective strategies for infrastructure. The findings contribute to enhancing groundwater sustainability in urban areas, particularly in the face of potential climate change.

【摘要翻译】
地下水作为一种宝贵的资源，其渗透对城市基础设施构成了重大挑战。本研究开发并展示了一种计算效率高的城市设施中地下水渗透（GWI）的时空分析方法，特别是针对英国奥特河下游水体中的污水管网（SNs）。为此，在地理信息系统（GIS）框架内采用了模糊-层次分析过程（F-AHP），考虑了地质、地貌、水文、水文地质、气候和地形等因素。所提出的模型包括16个主题地图，分为6组：（1）地下水（地下水位深度（GWD））；（2）高程（海拔、坡度和地形湿度指数）；（3）降水（月降水量）；（4）地面覆盖（岩石渗透性、冲积层渗透性、土壤类型、土地覆盖和人造地面）；（5）地面运动（断层接近度、断层长度密度和大规模运动）；以及（6）径流（河流、洪水潜力和排水密度）。专家判断、F分析和AHP分别应用于图层的分类、归一化和权重分配。通过排放口的数据验证，生成了考虑最浅GWD和最高降水量的GWI概率地图，用于时间分析。总体而言，发现在地下水位较浅、海拔较低的地区，特别是在河流附近和渗透性较高的地区，GWI概率得分较高。为每个季节的每个1平方米区域分配0到1之间的概率得分，脆弱性地图可以指导水务机构实施基础设施的保护策略。这些发现有助于提高城市地区的地下水可持续性，特别是在面临潜在气候变化的情况下。

论文7

Circular economy strategies research for Beijing buildings in a low-carbon future
北京建筑在低碳未来中的循环经济战略研究

【摘要】The circular economy strategy can effectively reconcile the contradiction between human activities and the ecological environment through utilizing resources efficiently and circularly, thereby promoting global low-carbon sustainable development. However, it lacks application in urban buildings. This study constructs the four-layer framework based on the turnover dynamic stock model and carbon emissions method. Combined with 7 circular economy strategies and scenario analysis, this framework captures the production, demand, use, recycling and reuse of 13 major materials in 7 prototypes of 3 types for Beijing's buildings, and explores the potential of dematerialization and low-carbon development from 2022 to 2060. Results indicate that the floor area will continue to grow to 1749.00 million m2by 2060, material requirements will increase by 49.64 Mt annually, and CO2 emissions will increase by 8.26 Mt annually under current policies. Circular economy strategies can reduce cumulative material requirements by 20.40–762.09 Mt and CO2 emissions by 2.62–157.46 Mt until 2060, which have enormous abatement potential for materials and CO2 emissions. Executing multi-strategy simultaneously demonstrates superior overall effectiveness compared to individual strategies, which resulted in a cumulative reduction of 40.40 % of material requirements and 50.14 % of CO2 emissions. Decarbonizing buildings, promoting sustainable development, and contributing to achieving "3060" dual carbon goals require a collaborative implementation of multiple strategies.

【摘要翻译】
循环经济战略通过高效和循环利用资源，可以有效调和人类活动与生态环境之间的矛盾，从而促进全球低碳可持续发展。然而，这一战略在城市建筑中的应用尚显不足。本研究基于周转动态库存模型和碳排放方法构建了四层框架。结合7种循环经济战略和情景分析，该框架捕捉了北京建筑7种原型中13种主要材料的生产、需求、使用、回收和再利用，探讨了从2022年到2060年的去物质化和低碳发展潜力。结果表明，在当前政策下，建筑面积将继续增长至2060年的1749.00百万平方米，材料需求将每年增加49.64百万吨，CO2排放将每年增加8.26百万吨。循环经济战略可以减少累计材料需求20.40至762.09百万吨，CO2排放减少2.62至157.46百万吨，直到2060年，这在材料和CO2排放减少方面具有巨大的潜力。同时执行多种战略显示出比单一战略更优越的整体效果，导致材料需求累计减少了40.40%，CO2排放减少了50.14%。实现建筑脱碳、促进可持续发展，并助力实现“3060”双碳目标，需要协同实施多种战略。

论文8

Evaluating urban heat island to achieve sustainable development goals: A case study of Tiruchirappalli city, India
评估城市热岛效应以实现可持续发展目标：印度蒂鲁吉拉帕利市的案例研究

【摘要】Tiruchirappalli City the fourth largest municipal corporation in Tamilnadu, India is witnessing accelerated urban growth. The city has exacerbated the microclimate indicating a significant increase in land surface temperature. The study aims to establish the differentiation of land surface temperature of city between 2001, 2011, and 2021 of summer months using Landsat images to examine the effects of urban heat island. The results shows that the temperature ranged from 31.23°C to 37.45°C between 2011 and 2021. The assessed land surface temperature (LST) is correlated and the result shows a positive correlation between the LST-normalised difference built-up index (NDBI) and a negative correlation between the LST-normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and a weak correlation between LST-BSI and LST-MNDWI of summer months examined. Further, the urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI) of the city is analysed. The thermal condition of the city during April has significantly changed from 5.14 % of area in 2001 to 12.19 % of area in 2021 (UTFVI >0.020, Strongest) of worst ecological valuation index. The selected city is experiencing major thermal conditions (UTFVI 0.010–0.015) of ecological evaluation index from bad to worst. This study will help mitigate the urban heat island effect and promote sustainable development for rapid urbanization.

【摘要翻译】蒂鲁吉拉帕利市是印度泰米尔纳德邦第四大市政公司，正在经历加速的城市增长。该城市的微气候状况加剧，表明地表温度显著上升。本研究旨在利用Landsat图像确定2001年、2011年和2021年夏季城市地表温度的差异，以检验城市热岛效应的影响。结果显示，2011年至2021年间温度范围在31.23°C至37.45°C之间。评估的地表温度（LST）与归一化差异建筑指数（NDBI）呈正相关，与归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）呈负相关，与地表温度-裸土指数（BSI）和地表温度-改良归一化差异水体指数（MNDWI）的夏季月份检验呈弱相关。此外，还分析了城市的城乡热场变异指数（UTFVI）。从2001年的5.14%到2021年的12.19%（UTFVI >0.020，最强），城市在4月份的热状况发生了显著变化，最差的生态评价指数面积有所增加。选定城市正在经历从差到最差的生态评价指数的主要热条件（UTFVI 0.010–0.015）。这项研究将有助于减轻城市热岛效应，促进快速城市化的可持续发展。

论文9

Robust day-ahead scheduling of cooperative energy communities considering multiple aggregators
考虑多个聚合商的合作能源社区的稳健日前调度

【摘要】Future cities must play a vital role in reducing energy consumption and decarbonizing the electricity sector, thus evolving from passive structures towards more efficient smart cities. This transition can be facilitated by energy communities. This emerging paradigm consists of collectivizing a set of residential installations equipped with onsite renewable generators and storage assets (i.e., prosumers), which can eventually share resources to pursue collective welfare. This paper focuses on cooperative communities, where prosumers share resources without seeking selfish monetary counterparts. Despite their apparent advantages, energy management and scheduling of energy communities suppose a challenge for conventional tools due to the high level of uncertainty (especially due to intermittent renewable generation and random demand), and privacy concerns among prosumers. This paper addresses these issues. Specifically, a novel management structure based on multiple aggregators is proposed. This paradigm preserves users' confidential features while allowing them to extract the full potential of their assets. To efficiently manage the variety of assets available under uncertainty, an adaptive robust day-ahead scheduling model is developed, which casts as a solvable and portable Mixed Integer Linear Programming framework, which eases its implementation in real-world cases. The new proposal concerns uncertain generation and demand using a polyhedral representation of the uncertainty set. A case study is conducted to validate the developed model, showing promising results. Moreover, different results are obtained and analysed. Finally, it is worth remarking on how the level of robustness impacts the collective bill, incrementing it by 75 % when risk-averse conditions are assumed. In addition, the role of storage assets under pessimistic conditions is remarked, pointing out that these assets rule the scheduling plan of the community instead of renewable generators.

【摘要翻译】
未来城市在减少能源消耗和电力部门脱碳方面必须发挥重要作用，从而从被动结构向更高效的智能城市发展。这一转变可以通过能源社区来促进。这种新兴范式包括将配备现场可再生发电机和储能资产（即产消者）的一系列住宅设施集体化，这些设施最终可以共享资源以追求集体福利。本文关注合作社区，其中产消者共享资源而不是寻求自私的金钱对等物。尽管它们有明显的优势，但能源社区的能源管理和调度对传统工具来说是一个挑战，因为存在高度的不确定性（特别是由于间歇性的可再生能源发电和随机需求），以及产消者之间的隐私问题。本文解决了这些问题。具体来说，提出了一种基于多个聚合商的新型管理结构。这种范式保留了用户的保密特征，同时允许他们充分利用其资产的潜力。为了在不确定性下有效管理各种可用资产，开发了一个自适应的稳健日前调度模型，该模型被构建为一个可解且可移植的混合整数线性规划框架，这有助于其在现实世界案例中的实施。新提案涉及不确定的发电和需求，使用不确定性集的多面体表示。进行了案例研究以验证开发的模型，显示出有希望的结果。此外，获得了不同的结果并进行了分析。最后，值得指出的是，稳健性水平如何影响集体账单，在假设风险规避条件时将其增加了75%。此外，在悲观条件下储能资产的作用被强调，指出这些资产而不是可再生发电机决定了社区的调度计划。

论文10

Nighttime Street View Imagery: A new perspective for sensing urban lighting landscape
夜间街景图像：感知城市照明景观的新视角
【摘要】Urban lighting reflects nocturnal activities and it is traditionally observed using Nighttime Lights (NTL) satellite imagery. Few studies systematically measure the nightscape from a human perspective. This study brings a new paradigm — urban lighting sensing via Nighttime Street View Imagery (SVI). The paradigm draws on the accomplishments of (daytime) SVI and gives attention to its ignored nighttime counterpart. We put forward this idea by manually collecting 2,831 nighttime SVIs across various urban functional areas in Singapore. We investigated their values by developing a use case for clustering nighttime lighting patterns. To mitigate the scarcity of nighttime SVI, deep learning regression models were trained to predict nighttime brightness based on corresponding daytime SVIs obtained from widely available sources. The results were compared with brightness data derived from satellite imagery, to affirm the novelty and uniqueness of nighttime SVI. As a result, there are 7 lighting patterns within the collected nighttime SVI, distinct in lighted spot features and total brightness. The identified patterns effectively characterize different urban function scenarios. The best trained brightness prediction model performs well in revealing the city-scale lighting landscape. The SVI-predicted brightness shows a distribution similar to the brightness from satellite imagery and complements it in urban areas with complex vertical lighting structures. This study demonstrates the potential of nighttime SVI as a valuable data source for mapping urban lighting and activities, offering advantages over satellite data. The proposed paradigm contributes significantly to cross-modal information mining in urban studies and has potential applications in scenarios such as light pollution mitigation and crime prevention.
【摘要翻译】
城市照明反映了夜间活动，传统上使用夜间灯光（NTL）卫星图像进行观测。很少有研究系统地从人类视角测量夜景。本研究带来了一个新的范式——通过夜间街景图像（SVI）感知城市照明。这个范式借鉴了（白天）SVI的成就，并关注其被忽视的夜间对应物。我们通过在新加坡各地不同城市功能区域手动收集2,831张夜间SVI来提出这个想法。我们通过开发一个用于聚类夜间照明模式的用例来研究它们的价值。为了缓解夜间SVI的稀缺性，训练了深度学习回归模型，以预测基于广泛可用来源获得的相应白天SVI的夜间亮度。结果与从卫星图像导出的亮度数据进行了比较，以确认夜间SVI的新颖性和独特性。结果表明，在收集的夜间SVI中有7种照明模式，这些模式在照明点特征和总亮度上有所不同。识别出的模式有效地描述了不同的城市功能场景。训练最好的亮度预测模型在揭示城市规模照明景观方面表现良好。SVI预测的亮度显示出与卫星图像中的亮度相似的分布，并在具有复杂垂直照明结构的城市区域补充了它。这项研究表明，夜间SVI作为绘制城市照明和活动的数据源具有潜力，比卫星数据具有优势。提出的范式在城市研究中的跨模态信息挖掘方面做出了重要贡献，并在诸如减轻光污染和预防犯罪等场景中具有潜在应用。

论文11

Scenario simulation of carbon balance in carbon peak pilot cities under the background of the "dual carbon" goals
在“双碳”目标背景下的碳达峰试点城市碳平衡情景模拟

【摘要】Under the "dual carbon" goals, targeting issues such as the difficulty in changing the high-carbon economic development model in pilot cities and the inability of previous prediction models to meet current needs, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of carbon stocks and emissions in a peak pilot City spanning from 2000 to 2020. Utilizing the PLUS model, this study forecasts land use/cover data under diverse future scenarios, encompassing natural development (ND) as well as ecological protection (EP). Moreover, the Bi-LSTM deep learning model is developed using six influencing factors to simulate carbon emissions. The research also examined the spatiotemporal changes in carbon budget and balance. The findings of the study reveal several significant conclusions:(1) The PLUS model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in forecasting future land-use types, achieving an average overall accuracy exceeding 0.89 and a Kappa value of 0.8568; The Bi-LSTM model achieved the highest accuracy among all competing models, with anR2 score reaching 0.864. (2) Under the EP scenario from 2020 to 2030, the rate of decline in carbon storage has slowed down (6.44×106t of carbon storage have been avoided from disappearing), and land use efficiency has significantly improved. Due to the protection of ecological land, a certain carbon sink effect has been generated, resulting in lower regional carbon emissions compared to the ND scenario, emphasizing the importance and necessity of setting ecological red lines for carbon stock optimization. (3) Carbon payment areas are primarily concentrated in urban centers, and over time, these areas and carbon compensation zones each account half of the total area. (4) Under different scenarios, the carbon balance of built land has been partially mitigated, and the overall trend is developing favorably.

【摘要翻译】
在“双碳”目标的背景下，针对试点城市难以改变高碳经济发展模式以及以往预测模型无法满足当前需求的问题，本文对一个碳达峰试点城市从2000年到2020年的碳储量和排放进行了深入分析。利用PLUS模型，本研究在多种未来情景下预测土地利用/覆盖数据，包括自然发展（ND）和生态保护（EP）。此外，研究还开发了基于六个影响因素的Bi-LSTM深度学习模型来模拟碳排放。研究还考察了碳预算和平衡的时空变化。研究结果揭示了几个重要结论：

PLUS模型在预测未来土地利用类型方面显示出高预测精度，平均总体准确度超过0.89，Kappa值为0.8568；Bi-LSTM模型在所有竞争模型中准确度最高，R²得分达到0.864。
在2020年至2030年的EP情景下，碳储量下降速率有所减缓（避免了6.44×10^6吨碳储量的消失），土地利用效率显著提高。由于生态用地的保护，产生了一定的碳汇效应，导致区域碳排放量低于ND情景，强调了设定生态红线对碳储量优化的重要性和必要性。
碳支付区域主要集中在城市中心，随着时间的推移，这些区域和碳补偿区域各占总面积的一半。
在不同情景下，建设用地的碳平衡已部分缓解，总体趋势正在向有利方向发展。

这些发现为城市规划者和决策者提供了宝贵的信息，帮助他们在实现碳达峰和碳中和目标的过程中做出更明智的决策。通过优化土地利用和加强生态保护，可以有效地减缓碳储量下降速率，提高土地利用效率，并促进区域碳排放的减少。此外，研究还强调了在城市中心区域和碳补偿区域之间平衡碳支付的重要性，以及在不同情景下对建设用地碳平衡的影响。

论文12

District-wise evaluation of meteorological factors and outdoor thermal comfort in India using UTCI – Insight into future climatic scenario
印度各区域气象因素与户外热舒适度评估：使用UTCI对未来气候情景的洞察

【摘要】The study aims to comprehensively analyze outdoor meteorological conditions and thermal comfort across 592 districts in India, addressing the critical issues of thermal comfort which significantly impacts health, well-being and productivity. Given the anticipated global warming, understanding these factors becomes crucial, particularly for low-income populations who spend considerable time outdoors. While most previous studies in India have focused on indoor environments or on broad climatic regions, our research provides a granular analysis at the district level, incorporating future climate scenarios from 2050 to 2080. Using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), our findings reveal that the northwestern part of India experiences ‘Strong’ to ‘Extreme’ heat stress, with temperatures exceeding 50 °C, while the Himalayan regions face ‘Strong’ cold stress, with temperatures dropping below -20 °C. The geographical distribution of UTCI classes shows that the western and central regions suffer from high thermal stress during summer afternoons, whereas coastal areas, benefiting from higher relative humidity and wind speeds, exhibit moderate UTCI values. The Himalayan regions consistently present lower UTCI values, indicating colder conditions. We have developed a district-wise climate atlas of India, mapping key environmental parameters and the outdoor thermal stress of UTCI values. The main objective of this study is to provide localized insights into how climate change will affect outdoor thermal comfort, facilitating informed decision-making for public health planning, energy infrastructure, and climate adaptation strategies across India.

【摘要翻译】
本研究旨在全面分析印度592个区域的户外气象条件和热舒适度，解决热舒适度这一对健康、福祉和生产力产生重大影响的关键问题。鉴于全球变暖的预期，了解这些因素变得至关重要，特别是对于在户外花费大量时间的低收入人群。虽然印度以往的大多数研究都集中在室内环境或广泛的气候区域，但我们的研究提供了一个更细致的区域级分析，并结合了2050年至2080年的未来气候情景。使用普遍热气候指数（UTCI），我们的研究结果显示，印度西北部地区经历了“强烈”至“极端”的热应力，气温超过50°C，而喜马拉雅地区面临“强烈”的冷应力，气温降至-20°C以下。UTCI类别的地理分布表明，西部和中部地区在夏季下午遭受高热应力，而沿海地区则因相对湿度和风速较高而展现出温和的UTCI值。喜马拉雅地区一直呈现较低的UTCI值，表明条件较冷。我们开发了一个印度区域级气候图集，绘制了关键环境参数和UTCI值的户外热应力。本研究的主要目标是提供关于气候变化将如何影响户外热舒适度的本地化洞察，为印度的公共卫生规划、能源基础设施和气候适应策略提供明智的决策支持。

论文13

Exploring the cooling potential of green roofs for mitigating diurnal heat island intensity by utilizing Lidar and Artificial Neural Network
探索绿色屋顶的降温潜力以减轻昼夜热岛强度：利用激光雷达和人工神经网络

【摘要】Urban areas frequently exhibit higher elevated temperatures than their rural counterparts due to the prevalence of structures over natural resources, a phenomenon known as daytime surface urban heat island (DSUHI). This study simulates the cooling effects of green roofs (GR) for mitigating DSUHI by utilizing 2D and 3D urban morphological parameters over downtown Austin, Texas, USA. We estimated spectral indices using Landsat 8, Sentinel-2A, and Lidar data to include built-up, vegetation, waterbodies, daytime land surface temperature (DLST), buildings (height volume and density), sky view factor (SVF), and solar radiation (SR). Finally, we integrated eleven different neural network algorithms for GR simulation, validation, and correlation between DLST and the above urban features- the strongest model generated an R2of 0.783 and an RMSE of 0.925°F. We found converting 4.2% of the total rooftop area to GR resulted in an average DLST decrease of 2.80°F. The most significant cooling effects occurred with buildings heights between 13 and 28 m, high SVFs, SR, and closer proximity to water bodies. Our findings amplify the strategic importance of GRs in urban morphology and planning, guiding green infrastructure development to mitigate and foster urban environment sustainability.

【摘要翻译】
城市区域由于建筑物比自然资源多，常常表现出比农村地区更高的温度，这种现象被称为白天表面城市热岛效应（DSUHI）。本研究通过利用德克萨斯州奥斯汀市中心的二维和三维城市形态参数，模拟绿色屋顶（GR）减轻DSUHI的冷却效果。我们使用Landsat 8、Sentinel-2A和激光雷达数据估算了包括建筑、植被、水体、白天地表温度（DLST）、建筑物（高度体积和密度）、天空视野因子（SVF）和太阳辐射（SR）在内的光谱指数。最后，我们集成了十一种不同的神经网络算法对GR进行模拟、验证以及DLST与上述城市特征之间的相关性分析——最强的模型产生了0.783的R²值和0.925°F的均方根误差（RMSE）。我们发现将4.2%的总屋顶面积转换为GR可以在平均DLST上降低2.80°F。最显著的冷却效果出现在建筑物高度在13至28米之间、高SVF、高SR以及靠近水体的地方。我们的发现强调了GR在城市形态和规划中的战略重要性，指导绿色基础设施的发展，以减轻城市热岛效应并促进城市环境的可持续性。

论文14

Association of anthropogenic heat with asthma and related symptoms among children in China: A novel index reflecting climate change

人为热与中国儿童哮喘及相关症状的关联：反映气候变化的新指数

【摘要】

Background

Anthropogenic heat (AH) is defined as the significant release of waste heat into the environment due to human activities, serving as a controllable heat source contributing to global climate change. However, epidemiological evidence establishing a clear association between AH and childhood asthma is currently lacking.

Objectives

To explore the relationship between children's exposure to AH and asthma, as well as its related symptoms.

Methods

This population-based cross-sectional study, part of the National Chinese Children Health Study from 2012 to 2018, involved 188,145 children aged 6 to 18 years. We used multisource remote sensing images and ancillary data to estimate AH exposure. Data on asthma symptoms were collected through validated self-reported questionnaires. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to determine the associations.

Results

Our findings indicate a positive correlation between AH exposure and asthma risk in children. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in total AH was linked to higher odds of current asthma (OR: 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.10, 1.20) after adjusting for covariates. Categorizing AH by source, industrial AH exhibited the strongest effect, with an increased risk of current asthma (OR: 1.16, 95 % CI: 1.11, 1.22). Notably, younger children exhibited stronger associations between AH exposure and asthma-related symptoms, with boys showing heightened susceptibility, particularly for persistent cough.

Conclusion

This study suggests that exposure to AH may elevate the risk of asthma and related symptoms, particularly in boys and younger children. Providing a foundation for developing practical strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of global warming on respiratory health, while also guiding the formulation and evaluation of climate action and public health policies, and supporting sustainable urban development.

【摘要翻译】
背景：人为热（AH）是指由于人类活动导致的大量废热排放到环境中，作为一种可控的热源，它对全球气候变化有所贡献。然而，目前缺乏流行病学证据来明确建立AH与儿童哮喘之间的直接关联。

目标：探索儿童接触AH与哮喘及其相关症状之间的关系。

方法：这项基于人群的横断面研究是2012年至2018年国家中国儿童健康研究的一部分，涉及188,145名6至18岁的儿童。我们使用多源遥感图像和辅助数据来估算AH暴露。通过验证的自报问卷收集哮喘症状数据。应用广义线性混合模型来确定关联。

结果：我们的发现表明，AH暴露与儿童哮喘风险之间存在正相关。在调整混杂因素后，总AH的四分位数范围（IQR）增加与当前哮喘的几率更高（OR：1.15，95% CI：1.10，1.20）相关。按来源对AH进行分类，工业AH显示出最强的效应，增加了当前哮喘的风险（OR：1.16，95% CI：1.11，1.22）。值得注意的是，年幼儿童表现出AH暴露与哮喘相关症状之间更强的关联，男孩显示出更高的易感性，特别是对于持续咳嗽。

结论：这项研究表明，接触AH可能会增加哮喘及相关症状的风险，特别是在男孩和年幼儿童中。这为制定实际策略以减轻全球变暖对呼吸健康的不利影响提供了基础，同时也指导了气候行动和公共卫生政策的制定和评估，并支持可持续的城市发展。

论文15

A multi-stakeholder engagement framework for material-building-city synergy through circular transformation

多方利益相关者参与框架：通过循环转型实现材料-建筑-城市协同

【摘要】Scholars, industrial stakeholders, and governmental institutions are developing the circular economy paradigm. However, the emergence of multiple perspectives has challenged its implementation. As the industry that is the biggest contributor to the negative impacts on the environment, the construction industry stakeholders are paving the way for more sustainable as well as circular and regenerative construction by considering all actors in the system. Yet, the construction industry has a complex supply chain that requires clear strategies and stakeholder engagement across materials, buildings, and cities for efficient flows in the supply chain. Nonetheless, there is a need for improvement in the engagement of construction stakeholders for circular transformation. Therefore, this study aims to develop a multi-stakeholder engagement framework through circular transformation to guide the decision-makers for circular city governance. It has identified critical success factors by considering the construction stakeholders. The framework includes strategies at themicro (material), meso (building), and macro (city) scales to strengthen the material-building-city synergy. It's a significant step toward advancing circular city governance by bridging the gap between theoretical understanding and practical implementation and establishing a robust engagement for material-building-city synergy. The study employs a systematic literature review to extract strategies and natural language processing to analyze the strategies by topic modeling and defines critical success factors for multi-stakeholder engagement at multiscale. The outcome introduces the REVERT framework, bridging resource, envisagement, validation, entity, regulation, and technology, to facilitate a seamless transition by material-building-city synergy advancing circular city governance.

【摘要翻译】
学者、产业利益相关者和政府机构正在发展循环经济范式。然而，多种观点的出现对其实施提出了挑战。建筑业作为对环境产生负面影响最大的行业，正在通过考虑系统中的所有参与者，为更可持续、循环和再生的建筑铺平道路。然而，建筑业拥有复杂的供应链，需要明确的战略和利益相关者参与，以实现材料、建筑和城市间供应链的高效流动。尽管如此，建筑业在循环转型中的利益相关者参与仍需改进。因此，本研究旨在通过循环转型开发一个多方利益相关者参与框架，以指导决策者进行循环城市治理。它通过考虑建筑业利益相关者，识别了成功的关键因素。该框架包括在微观（材料）、中观（建筑）和宏观（城市）层面的策略，以加强材料-建筑-城市协同效应。这是向推进循环城市治理迈出的重要一步，它弥合了理论理解和实践实施之间的差距，并为材料-建筑-城市协同建立了坚实的参与基础。研究采用系统文献综述来提取策略，并通过主题建模和自然语言处理来分析策略，并定义了多方利益相关者参与多尺度成功的关键因素。研究结果引入了REVERT框架，连接资源、构想、验证、实体、法规和技术，以促进材料-建筑-城市协同，推动循环城市治理的无缝过渡。

论文16

Two-stage optimal scheduling for flexibility and resilience tradeoff of PV-battery building via smart grid communication
通过智能电网通信实现光伏-电池建筑灵活性与韧性权衡的两阶段最优调度
【摘要】Energy flexibility and energy resilience are now becoming new key features of building energy systems under the context of climate change and energy transition. During the system operation phase, these two performance indexes might be contradictory and require tradeoff. The main contribution of this study is to propose a two-stage mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to optimally tradeoff between flexibility and resilience. Its main idea is to improve the resilience of building energy system with minimum constraints on system flexibility using the outage risk information provided by smart grid. Two new concepts are considered in the proposed method, including self-sufficient requirement and continuous outage probability. The insight is to add additional penalty for the time step in which its battery state of charge (SOC) is far from self-sufficient requirement while the corresponding continuous outage probability is high. To validate our proposed method, a probabilistic outage simulation model is developed using sigmoid function and Markov Chain. Comprehensive numerical studies are conducted to compare the proposed method with traditional economic mode and backup mode under two outage patterns. The results demonstrate that the proposed method only uses 6.7 % additional operation cost such that 78.3 % of baseload curtailment and 81.1 % of user discomfort are reduced. The proposed MILP model can provide practical guideline for the flexibility and resilience tradeoff of distributed energy resources.

【摘要翻译】
能源灵活性和能源韧性在气候变化和能源转型的背景下，正成为建筑能源系统的两个新的关键特征。在系统运行阶段，这两个性能指标可能是矛盾的，需要进行权衡。本研究的主要贡献是提出一个两阶段混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型，以最优方式在灵活性和韧性之间进行权衡。其主要思想是利用智能电网提供的停电风险信息，以最小的系统灵活性约束提高建筑能源系统的韧性。在提出的方法中考虑了两个新概念，包括自给自足要求和连续停电概率。洞察是在电池充电状态（SOC）远离自给自足要求，而相应的连续停电概率高的时间步骤中增加额外的惩罚。为了验证我们提出的方法，使用sigmoid函数和马尔可夫链开发了一个概率停电模拟模型。进行了全面的数值研究，比较了在两种停电模式下提出的方法与传统经济模式和备用模式。结果表明，提出的方法仅使用6.7%的额外运营成本，就可以减少78.3%的基本负荷削减和81.1%的用户不适。提出的MILP模型可以为分布式能源资源的灵活性和韧性权衡提供实际指导。

论文17

How to evaluate the reduction effect of the park on PM2.5? Exploratory application of the maximum and cumulative perspective
如何评估公园对PM2.5的减少效果？最大和累积视角的探索性应用

【摘要】Urban parks have been widely proved to be effective in reducing particulate matter pollution, but there is still a knowledge gap in quantitatively evaluating their reduction effects. The purpose of this study is to develop a new method to quantify the reduction effect of PM2.5in urban parks through high-precision spatio-temporal monitoring experiments in 22 typical urban parks in Shenyang, China, so as to fill this gap. In this study, the cubic polynomial function model was used for the first time to establish the relationship curve between PM2.5 concentration inside and outside the park at different distances. The results showed that the park PM2.5 reduction magnitude and distance were about 5.04–10.14 ug/m3 and 149.47–150.19 m, respectively. Partial correlation analysis revealed that the relationship between the reduction evaluation indexes and the environmental factors had time heterogeneity. The park's internal characteristics and surrounding building environment was the key factor affecting the park PM2.5 reduction effect. In addition, parks smaller than 4.71 hm2 demonstrated better PM2.5 reduction efficiency. In conclusion, this study provides a new quantitative approach to evaluating the park PM2.5 reduction effect and offers data-driven insights for optimizing park planning to enhance the permeability of these effects beyond park boundaries.

【摘要翻译】城市公园已被广泛证明在减少颗粒物污染方面是有效的，但在定量评估它们的减少效果方面仍存在知识空白。本研究的目的是通过在中国沈阳22个典型城市公园进行高精度时空监测实验，开发一种新的方法来量化城市公园中PM2.5的减少效果，以填补这一空白。在这项研究中，首次使用三次多项式函数模型建立了公园内外不同距离下PM2.5浓度之间的关系曲线。结果表明，公园PM2.5减少的幅度和距离分别约为5.04-10.14微克/立方米和149.47-150.19米。偏相关分析揭示了减少评估指标与环境因素之间的关系具有时间异质性。公园的内部特征和周围建筑环境是影响公园PM2.5减少效果的关键因素。此外，小于4.71公顷的公园显示出更好的PM2.5减少效率。总之，本研究提供了一种新的量化评估公园PM2.5减少效果的方法，并为优化公园规划提供了数据驱动的洞见，以增强这些效果在公园边界之外的渗透性。

论文18

Reducing uncertainty of building shape information in urban building energy modeling using Bayesian calibration
使用贝叶斯校准减少城市建筑能源建模中建筑形状信息的不确定性

【摘要】This study proposes urban building energy modeling that extends beyond single-building-level models to the urban level. However, most urban building energy models use representative buildings that may not accurately reflect the diversity of building shapes, systems, and envelope performance when conducting building energy evaluations at the urban scale. To address this issue, previous studies have utilized representative buildings and Bayesian calibration to estimate uncertain building information parameters without considering building shape information. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to estimate building shape information using artificial neural networks and Bayesian calibration based on building energy consumption data to identify the shape information uncertainty of representative buildings. The results indicate that some shape information can be estimated by comparing the overall distribution of the building stock using the two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Furthermore, we found that the proposed energy modeling methodology yields energy consumption patterns similar to those of the target building stock. This preliminary investigation addresses the uncertainty of representative buildings in urban-scale modeling, elucidates the relationship between building form and energy consumption, and introduces a method for inferring shape information from energy consumption data.

【摘要翻译】本研究提出了一种城市建筑能源建模方法，该方法超越了单一建筑层面的模型，扩展到城市层面。然而，大多数城市建筑能源模型使用代表性建筑，这可能无法准确反映在城市尺度进行建筑能源评估时建筑形状、系统和围护结构性能的多样性。为了解决这个问题，以往的研究利用代表性建筑和贝叶斯校准来估计不确定的建筑信息参数，而没有考虑建筑形状信息。因此，本研究的主要目标是利用人工神经网络和贝叶斯校准基于建筑能耗数据来估计建筑形状信息，以识别代表性建筑的形状信息不确定性。结果表明，一些形状信息可以通过使用双样本Kolmogorov–Smirnov检验比较建筑存量的整体分布来估计。此外，我们发现提出的能源建模方法产生的能耗模式与目标建筑存量的模式相似。这项初步调查解决了城市尺度建模中代表性建筑的不确定性问题，阐明了建筑形态与能耗之间的关系，并介绍了一种从能耗数据中推断形状信息的方法。

论文19

Spatio-temporal modeling of asthma-prone areas: Exploring the influence of urban climate factors with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)
时空建模哮喘易发区域：探索城市气候因素的影响与可解释人工智能（XAI）

【摘要】Urbanization's impact on climate is increasingly recognized as a significant public health challenge, particularly for respiratory conditions like asthma. Despite progress in understanding asthma, a critical gap remains regarding the interaction between urban environmental factors and asthma-prone areas. This study addresses this gap by applying innovative spatio-temporal modeling techniques with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). Using data from 872 asthma patients in Tehran, Iran, and 19 factors affecting asthma exacerbations, including climate and air pollution, spatio-temporal modeling was conducted using XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) algorithm optimization by the Bat algorithm (BA). Evaluation of asthma-prone area maps using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed accuracies of 97.3 % in spring, 97.5 % in summer, 97.8 % in autumn, and 98.4 % in winter. Interpretability analysis of the XGBoost model utilizing the SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanations) method highlighted rainfall in spring and autumn and temperature in summer and winter as having the most significant impacts on asthma. Particulate matter (PM2.5) in spring, carbon monoxide (CO) in summer, ozone (O3) in autumn, and PM10in winter exhibited the most substantial effects among air pollution factors. This research enhances understanding of asthma dynamics in urban environments, informing targeted interventions for urban planning strategies to mitigate adverse health consequences of urbanization.

【摘要翻译】城市化对气候的影响日益被认为是一个重大的公共卫生挑战，尤其是对哮喘等呼吸系统疾病。尽管在理解哮喘方面取得了一定进展，但关于城市环境因素与哮喘易发区域之间相互作用的关键空白仍然存在。本研究通过应用创新的时空建模技术和可解释人工智能（XAI）来填补这一空白。研究使用了来自伊朗德黑兰的872名哮喘患者的数据，以及19个影响哮喘加重的因素，包括气候和空气污染，利用极端梯度提升（XGBoost）算法，通过蝙蝠算法（BA）进行优化。使用接收操作特征（ROC）曲线评估哮喘易发区域地图的准确性，结果显示春季为97.3%，夏季为97.5%，秋季为97.8%，冬季为98.4%。利用SHAP（Shapley加性解释）方法对XGBoost模型的可解释性分析显示，春季和秋季的降雨量以及夏季和冬季的温度对哮喘影响最大。在空气污染因素中，春季的细颗粒物（PM2.5）、夏季的一氧化碳（CO）、秋季的臭氧（O3）和冬季的PM10对哮喘的影响最为显著。这项研究增强了对城市环境中哮喘动态的理解，为城市规划策略的针对性干预提供了信息，以减轻城市化对健康的不利影响。

论文20

Expanding the associations between built environment characteristics and residential mobility in high-density neighborhood unit
扩展高密度邻里单位中建成环境特征与居民流动性的关联性研究

【摘要】Global trend of urbanization has led to frequent residential mobility and urban shrinkage issues. Planners and policy makers advocate for enhancing built environment quality of neighbourhood units to address these issues. Although the impact factors and degree of the influence of the built environment on residential mobility have been studied, the nonlinear effects at the neighbourhood level, and the relative importance when considered alongside other factors, remain unclear. In this study, the central area of Nanjing using mobile phone signalling data, the 5Ds framework, machine learning algorithms, and interpretable model Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) are examined. The finding shows that (1) economy and neighbourhood ties are still key drivers of relocation. (2) Optimizing highly accessible road network for short-distance travel and developing low-density urban mode has become significant methods to attract relocators, interacting with other factors to influence residential mobility. (3) High-quality neighbourhood design, diverse amenities, and proximity to natural landscapes increase willingness to relocate, (4) while religion, socio-demographics, and large-scale transportation accessibility have minimal impact. The study offers four urban development recommendations to help municipal planners and policy makers create liveable cities and cohesive communities, providing essential insights for early or renewal stage urban planning stages.

【摘要翻译】全球城市化趋势导致了频繁的居民流动性和城市收缩问题。规划者和政策制定者提倡提升邻里单位的建成环境质量，以解决这些问题。尽管已对建成环境对居民流动性的影响因素和影响程度进行了研究，但邻里层面的非线性效应，以及与其他因素并考虑时的相对重要性仍不明确。在本研究中，通过使用手机信号数据、5Ds框架、机器学习算法以及可解释模型Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)，对南京中心区域进行了考察。研究发现：（1）经济和邻里联系仍是迁移的关键驱动因素。（2）优化高可达性的道路网络以适应短途出行，发展低密度城市模式已成为吸引迁移者的重要方法，这些因素与其他因素相互作用，影响居民流动性。（3）高质量的邻里设计、多样化的便利设施以及靠近自然景观增加了迁移的意愿，（4）而宗教、社会人口统计特征和大规模交通可达性对迁移的影响较小。本研究为城市规划者和政策制定者提供了四项城市发展建议，以帮助他们创建宜居城市和凝聚力强的社区，为城市规划和更新阶段的早期提供了重要见解。

论文21

Spatial optimization of land use and carbon storage prediction in urban agglomerations under climate change: Different scenarios and multiscale perspectives of CMIP6

气候变化下城市群土地利用空间优化与碳储存预测：CMIP6的不同情景与多尺度视角

【摘要】Land use/land cover (LULC) structure optimization can effectively increase carbon storage/carbon sequestration (CS) and help realize carbon neutrality goals1. Studying the spatial distributions of LULC and CS under climate change conditions is highly important for realizing sustainable development goals. This study is based on different climate change models, and the coordinated development of economic, water, carbon and ecological sustainability was considered to establish a comprehensive multiscale, multiscenario and multiobjective LULC optimization model. Then, different climate change scenarios were optimized, and regional CS values were predicted. The LULC simulation model provided satisfactory simulation results at different scales. Notably, the average accuracy exceeded 0.92. The optimized land expansion results exhibited heterogeneity. Forestland change accounted for the largest proportion of the total LULC change. After optimization, the CS values under the different scenarios were similar. The northwestern part of the study area served as the main carbon sink area. The aim of this study was to respond to future complex climate change by rationally planning the LULC structure, thus achieving the sustainable development of urban agglomerations.

【摘要翻译】土地利用/土地覆盖（LULC）结构优化能有效提升碳储存/碳固存（CS）能力，有助于实现碳中和目标。研究气候变化条件下LULC和CS的空间分布对于实现可持续发展目标至关重要。本研究基于不同的气候变化模型，考虑经济、水资源、碳和生态可持续性的协调发展，建立了一个全面的多尺度、多情景、多目标LULC优化模型。随后，对不同的气候变化情景进行了优化，并预测了区域CS值。LULC模拟模型在不同尺度上提供了满意的模拟结果，平均准确度超过0.92。优化后的土地扩张结果表现出异质性，其中森林地变化占据了总LULC变化的最大比例。优化后，不同情景下的CS值相似，研究区域西北部作为主要的碳汇区。本研究旨在通过合理规划LULC结构来应对未来复杂的气候变化，从而实现城市群的可持续发展。

论文22

Health impacts of climate resilient city development: Evidence from China
气候韧性城市发展对健康的影响：来自中国的证据

【摘要】This study examines the health impacts of Climate Resilient City (CRC) policies using a difference-in-differences methodology. Our findings demonstrate that CRC policies significantly improve public health, particularly benefiting vulnerable populations and residents in regions with extreme temperatures. Mechanism analysis reveals that these policies enhance urban climate resilience through improved water management, air pollution reduction, energy conservation, and strengthened social capital. Moreover, our results show that CRC policies help reduce health disparities linked to differences in medical resources and climate conditions. This study provides crucial insights for policymakers in designing effective climate and public health strategies, emphasizing the importance of climate-resilient urban development.

【摘要翻译】本研究采用差分差分法检验了气候韧性城市（CRC）政策对健康的影响。我们的研究发现，CRC政策显著提升了公共健康水平，特别是对弱势群体和极端气温地区的居民有益。机制分析揭示，这些政策通过改善水资源管理、减少空气污染、节约能源和加强社会资本，增强了城市的气候韧性。此外，我们的结果显示，CRC政策有助于减少与医疗资源差异和气候条件相关的健康不平等。本研究为政策制定者在设计有效的气候和公共卫生策略时提供了关键见解，强调了气候韧性城市发展的的重要性。

论文23

Responding to “city cooling action”: Assessing and visualizing community-level urban park cooling service performance in Nanjing, China
应对“城市降温行动”：评估和可视化南京城市公园社区层面的降温服务性能

【摘要】Although previous studies have confirmed the urban park cooling effects (UPCE), it is unclear how their cooling services are connected to and equitably distributed among users. In response to the "urban cooling action" in cities across China, this study links the cooling intensity and multimodal Ga2SFCA (MM-Ga2SFCA) to develop a methodology framework to assess the community-level urban park cooling service performance (UPCSP) per capita. Taking the highly urbanized Nanjing central districts (NCDs) as an example, the main conclusions are: (1) The average cooling magnitude of 200 parks on August 12, 2022, September 18, 2021 and October 4, 2021 was 2.22 °C; the average maximum cooling scale (MCS), maximum cooling efficiency (MCE), cumulative cooling intensity (CCI) and cumulative cooling gradient (CCG) were 41.29 ha, 2.99 times, 89.41 °C*m2 and 0.70 °C, respectively. (2) The average comprehensive service performance of 545 communities within 5, 10, and 15 min were 117.97 °C*m2, 212.04 °C*m2, and 264.83 °C*m2, respectively. (3) The spatial differences of UPCSP were mainly affected by the spatial layout of urban parks and their internal and external physical environments. These findings can provide useful implications for improving and balancing the UPCSP among communities.

【摘要翻译】尽管先前的研究已经证实了城市公园的降温效果（UPCE），但它们的降温服务如何与用户相连，以及是否公平分配给用户尚不清楚。为了响应中国各城市的“城市降温行动”，本研究将降温强度和多模式重力模型（MM-Ga2SFCA）相结合，开发了一个方法框架，以评估人均社区层面的城市公园降温服务性能（UPCSP）。以高度城市化的南京中心城区（NCDs）为例，主要结论如下：⑴ 2022年8月12日、2021年9月18日和2021年10月4日，200个公园的平均降温幅度为2.22°C；平均最大降温范围（MCS）、最大降温效率（MCE）、累计降温强度（CCI）和累计降温梯度（CCG）分别为41.29公顷、2.99倍、89.41°Cm²和0.70°C。⑵ 在5分钟、10分钟和15分钟步行范围内，545个社区的平均综合服务性能分别为117.97°C*m²、212.04°C*m²和264.83°C*m²。⑶ UPCSP的空间差异主要受城市公园的空间布局及其内部和外部的物理环境影响。这些发现可以为改善和平衡社区之间的UPCSP提供有用的启示。

论文24

Analysis of the spatial characteristics and driving forces of underground consumer service space in Chinese megacities based on multi-source data
基于多源数据的中国特大城市地下消费服务空间特征及驱动因素分析

【摘要】Underground consumer service spaces (UCSS) offer new solutions for urban residents’ daily needs, but existing studies on their distribution and driving forces are often fragmented and overshadowed by research on other underground spaces, lacking targeted analysis. This study examines UCSS in the central urban areas of seven representative Chinese megacities. Using spatial analysis methods like kernel density estimation, multi-distance spatial clustering, and geographical detectors, the spatial characteristics and driving forces of UCSS are analyzed alongside aboveground consumer service spaces (ACSS). Results show that both ACSS and UCSS exhibit multi-centered, concentric spatial patterns, though UCSS demonstrates higher spatial aggregation. Unlike other underground public spaces (UPS), UCSS relies more on service industry agglomeration and market factors, while other UPS are more influenced by surrounding development intensity. UCSS follows the core principles of central place theory but deviates from the market-driven patterns typical of ACSS. Socioeconomic conditions and transportation infrastructure form the foundational basis for UCSS distribution, while service industry agglomeration, market dependence, and land development intensity exert more direct influence. The commercial atmosphere and existing underground space development play critical roles in UCSS distribution. Two key spatial scales for understanding UCSS distribution are the strong influence zones of shopping malls and metro stations, and high-density urban areas.

【摘要翻译】中国特大城市地下消费服务空间（UCSS）为城市居民的日常需求提供了新的解决方案，但现有关于其分布和驱动力的研究往往零散，且常常被其他地下空间研究掩盖，缺乏针对性的分析。本研究考察了中国七个代表性特大城市中心区域的UCSS。通过运用核密度估计、多距离空间聚类和地理探测器等空间分析方法，对UCSS的空间特征及驱动因素进行了分析，并与地上消费服务空间（ACSS）进行了对比。研究结果显示，ACSS和UCSS均呈现出多中心、同心圆的空间格局，但UCSS的空间集聚程度更高。与其他地下公共空间（UPS）不同，UCSS更依赖于服务业集聚和市场因素，而其他UPS则更多受周边开发强度的影响。UCSS遵循中心地理论的核心原则，但与ACSS的市场驱动模式有所偏离。社会经济条件和交通基础设施构成了UCSS分布的基础，而服务业集聚、市场依赖性和土地开发强度则对其产生更直接的影响。商业氛围和现有地下空间开发在UCSS分布中扮演了关键角色。理解UCSS分布的两个关键空间尺度是购物中心的强影响区和地铁站，以及高密度城市区域。

论文25

Heatwaves at work: Typology and spatial distributions of occupations exposed to heatwaves in Korea
热浪下的工作：韩国暴露于热浪的职业类型与空间分布

【摘要】Adapting to heatwaves and other climate change impacts requires identifying vulnerable demographic segments within regions. However, investigations into the spatial distribution of heatwave-vulnerable workers and its implications for local economies have been limited. This study categorizes occupations exposed to heatwaves into five subgroups and analyzes temporal changes in their spatial distributions via a spatial Markov chain model. The results indicate significant heterogeneity in vulnerability among heatwave-exposed occupations, with variations in income, foreign worker proportions, and job instability. The analysis reveals that heatwave-exposed workers are primarily concentrated outside the capital region. Group 3 (manufacturing) exhibited notable industrial clustering, whereas Group 5 (agriculture and fishery) presented high and stable concentrations in rural areas. Conversely, Group 4 (low-skilled and market-sensitive) demonstrates substantial spatial variability. Spatial Markov chain analysis highlights Group 3′s strong agglomeration tendencies influenced by neighboring cities, whereas Group 5 shows minimal spatial effects. Groups 2 and 4 experience considerable shifts in spatial distribution, with Group 2 showing only a 68.7 % probability of sustaining high concentration and Group 4 showing a 62.7 % probability. Recommendations for adaptation strategies and future research related to the economic impacts of climate change are provided on the basis of these findings.

【摘要翻译】适应热浪和其他气候变化影响需要识别区域内易受影响的群体。然而，对于热浪易感工人的空间分布及其对当地经济影响的研究一直较为有限。本研究将暴露于热浪的职业分为五个子组，并通过空间马尔可夫链模型分析了它们空间分布的时间变化。结果表明，暴露于热浪的职业在脆弱性上存在显著异质性，包括收入、外籍工人比例和职业稳定性方面的差异。分析显示，热浪易感工人主要集中在大首都圈之外。第三组（制造业）显示出显著的工业集聚现象，而第五组（农业和渔业）在乡村地区呈现高且稳定的集中度。相反，第四组（低技能和市场敏感型）展现了大量的空间变异性。空间马尔可夫链分析突出了第三组由于邻近城市影响而强烈的集聚倾向，而第五组则显示出最小的空间效应。第二组和第四组在空间分布上经历了显著的变化，其中第二组保持高集中度的概率仅为68.7%，第四组为62.7%。基于这些发现，本研究提供了适应策略的建议和未来关于气候变化经济影响的研究方向。

论文26

A multi-objective robust dispatch strategy for renewable energy microgrids considering multiple uncertainties
针对可再生能源微电网的多目标鲁棒调度策略研究，考虑多种不确定性因素

【摘要】The demand for low-carbon transformations and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources and loads present significant challenges for the optimal dispatch of microgrid. This study proposed a multi-objective robust dispatch strategy to reduce the risks associated with the uncertainty of renewable energy source output and loads while promoting low-carbon and economical microgrid operation. The economic emission dispatch problem for a microgrid was formulated as a multi-objective robust dual-layer optimization model. Consequently, a high-dimensional adjustable linear polyhedral uncertainty set was proposed to describe the uncertainty of renewable energy sources and loads. This study transformed the original model into an easy-to-solve single-layer second-order cone programming optimal power flow optimization model by employing second-order cone relaxation and duality transformation. Thereafter, a synthetic membership function was proposed to determine the optimal compromise solution. To determine the charging and discharging statuses of the battery storage system and the electricity traded between the microgrid and the external power grid, a battery storage system control strategy based on time-of-use electricity prices and real-time power flow calculations was proposed. Simulations conducted on a modified IEEE-30 bus system demonstrated that the proposed strategy effectively reduced the economic costs and carbon emissions of the microgrid by 8.23 % and 2.43 %, respectively.

【摘要翻译】低碳转型的需求以及可再生能源和负载的不确定性，对微电网的最优调度提出了重大挑战。本研究提出了一种多目标鲁棒调度策略，旨在降低与可再生能源输出和负载不确定性相关的风险，同时推动微电网的低碳经济运行。微电网的经济排放调度问题被构建为一个多目标鲁棒双层优化模型。因此，本研究提出了一种高维可调节的线性多面体不确定性集合，用以描述可再生能源和负载的不确定性。通过运用二阶锥松弛和对偶变换，本研究将原始模型转换为一个易于解决的单一层的二阶锥规划最优潮流优化模型。随后，提出了一种综合隶属函数来确定最优折中解。为了确定电池储能系统的充放电状态以及微电网与外部电网之间的电力交易，本研究提出了一种基于分时电价和实时潮流计算的电池储能系统控制策略。在修改后的IEEE-30节点系统上进行的模拟表明，所提出的策略有效地将微电网的经济成本和碳排放分别降低了8.23%和2.43%。

论文27

Designing breezeways to enhance wind environments in high-density cities: A comprehensive analysis of ten morphological parameters
设计通风廊道以提升高密度城市的风环境：十个形态参数的全面分析

【摘要】To advance urban breezeway designs, this paper presents a pioneering and comprehensive study of breezeway morphological parameters. Ten parameters, identified through extensive literature review, include coverage ratio, porosity, line density, sinuosity, rotation angle, width, length, average height, height variation, and aspect ratio. Regression analysis, utilizing over 200 data points collected from wind tunnel experiments in Hong Kong, established correlations between these parameters and pedestrian-level wind velocity ratio (VRpoint). Results reveal that among the 2D parameters, width, length, line density, and coverage ratio exhibit the strongest correlations with VRpoint, while aspect ratio and porosity emerge as significant factors among the 3D parameters. Notably, simple 2D parameters, coverage ratio and width, can effectively substitute for their 3D counterparts, porosity and aspect ratio, in high-density urban environments. Furthermore, the results highlight the relative contributions of different parameters to urban ventilation. From a street-level perspective, VRpoint is primarily influenced by configurations of street segments (width, 80 %) and street intersections (rotation angle, 20 %). From a neighborhood-level perspective, permeability (coverage ratio, 35 %), fragmentation (line density, 30 %), and roughness (average height, 35 %) are critical factors. Illustrative examples are provided to help translate these findings into spatial analysis tools and design guidelines, aiding planners and decision-makers in improving urban living environments.

【摘要翻译】为了推进城市通风廊道设计，本文提出了一项开创性和全面的研究，探讨了通风廊道的形态参数。通过广泛的文献回顾，确定了十个参数，包括覆盖比率、孔隙率、线密度、曲折度、旋转角度、宽度、长度、平均高度、高度变化和宽高比。利用在香港风洞实验中收集的超过200个数据点进行的回归分析，建立了这些参数与行人层面风速比（VRpoint）之间的相关性。结果显示，在二维参数中，宽度、长度、线密度和覆盖比率与VRpoint表现出最强的相关性，而在三维参数中，宽高比和孔隙率成为显著因素。值得注意的是，在高密度城市环境中，简单的二维参数——覆盖比率和宽度，可以有效替代它们的三维对应参数——孔隙率和宽高比。此外，结果突出了不同参数对城市通风的相对贡献。从街道层面来看，VRpoint主要受街道段配置（宽度，占80%）和街道交叉口（旋转角度，占20%）的影响。从邻里层面来看，渗透性（覆盖比率，占35%）、破碎度（线密度，占30%）和粗糙度（平均高度，占35%）是关键因素。本文提供了说明性示例，以帮助将这些发现转化为空间分析工具和设计指南，协助规划者和决策者改善城市居住环境。

论文28

Tracking the impact of the land cover change on the spatial-temporal distribution of the thermal comfort: Insights from the Qinhuai River Basin, China
追踪土地覆盖变化对热舒适时空分布的影响：来自中国秦淮河流域的见解

【摘要】China's rapid economic growth and urbanization have caused significant Land Cover Changes (LCC), worsened the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and reducing the Thermal Comfort (TC). Despite existing studies, there remains a gap in understanding the specific contributions of various LCC types to the TC, particularly in Qinhuai River Basin. This study addresses this gap by examining the LCC effects from 2013 to 2022 based on targeted metrics. We propose a novel TC classification model and introduce indices, including the Land Cover Contribution Index (LCI) and the Land Cover Classification Contribution Index (LCCI), to quantify the influence of different LCC types on the TC. Our findings reveal that farmland and woodland positively impact the TC, while the negative influence of impervious surfaces has intensified. The area of farmland in the most comfortable category has shown significant variability, while impermeable surfaces in uncomfortable and very uncomfortable categories have surged. Additionally, the Urban Water Body Contribution Index (U-WCI) consistently exceeded the Non-Urban Water Body Contribution Index (N-WCI), indicating an enhanced UHI effect within urban areas. This study concludes that changes in farmland and impervious surfaces are crucial for the TC and provides practical recommendations for land use planning against climate change.

【摘要翻译】中国的快速经济增长和城市化导致了显著的土地覆盖变化（LCC），加剧了城市热岛（UHI）效应，并降低了热舒适度（TC）。尽管已有研究，但对于各种LCC类型对TC具体贡献的理解仍存在差距，特别是在秦淮河流域。本研究通过基于特定指标检验2013年至2022年的LCC效应，以填补这一研究空白。我们提出了一种新颖的TC分类模型，并引入了包括土地覆盖贡献指数（LCI）和土地覆盖分类贡献指数（LCCI）在内的指标，以量化不同LCC类型对TC的影响。我们的研究发现，农田和林地对TC有积极影响，而不可渗透表面的负面影响已经加剧。最舒适类别中的农田面积显示出显著的变化，而不舒适和非常不舒适类别中的不可渗透表面面积激增。此外，城市水体贡献指数（U-WCI）始终超过非城市水体贡献指数（N-WCI），这表明城市区域内的UHI效应得到了增强。本研究结论认为，农田和不可渗透表面的变化对TC至关重要，并为应对气候变化的土地利用规划提供了实际建议。

论文29

Unraveling the global economic and mortality effects of rising urban heat island intensity
揭示城市热岛强度上升对全球经济和死亡率的影响

【摘要】The increasing severity of urban heat island (UHI) effects poses a significant concern in cities, where to over half of the world's population lives. We examine the pattern of surface UHI intensity (SUHII) and its effect on urban economic productivity and mortality across 171 countries from 2003 to 2018. Countries with heavy industrial/manufacturing bases and higher income levels face more significant economic repercussions from SUHII. Males experience higher mortality rates under comparable SUHII conditions. A unit increase in GNI correlates to a 23.2 % rise in SUHII's effect on GDP and a 5.5 % increase in its effect on mortality rate. A higher Socio-Demographic Index mitigates SUHII's impact on urban GDP. Moreover, the Gini index directly impacts SUHII more than it affects SUHII-related mortality through inequality. Reducing income inequality by one unit will increase the enhancing effect of SUHII on the mortality rate by 11.8 %. Our findings reveal a significant link between wealth disparity and amplified health risks associated with SUHII, potentially leading to new forms of urban inequality. The study highlights the importance of development status and economic composition in facing UHI-related challenges and recommends equitable strategies for policymakers and urban planners to mitigate UHI effects in diverse developmental contexts.

【摘要翻译】城市热岛（UHI）效应的日益严重性，对于超过世界人口一半居住的城市来说，是一个重大的担忧。我们研究了地表城市热岛强度（SUHII）的模式及其对171个国家2003年至2018年城市经济生产力和死亡率的影响。拥有重工业/制造业基础和高收入水平的国家面临SUHII带来的更显著的经济后果。在相似的SUHII条件下，男性的死亡率更高。国民总收入（GNI）的单位增长与SUHII对GDP影响的23.2%的上升和对其死亡率影响5.5%的增加相关。更高的社会人口指数（Socio-Demographic Index）可以减轻SUHII对城市GDP的影响。此外，基尼系数对SUHII的影响直接超过了它通过不平等对SUHII相关死亡率的影响。减少一个单位的不平等将增加SUHII对死亡率提升效果的11.8%。我们的发现揭示了财富差距与SUHII相关的放大健康风险之间的显著联系，这可能导致新型城市不平等的出现。研究强调了发展状况和经济组成在面对UHI相关挑战时的重要性，并建议政策制定者和城市规划者采取公平的策略，以在不同的发展背景下减轻UHI效应。

论文30

Study on the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of surface urban heat island in shrinking cities: Fushun and Tieling研究收缩城市地表城市热岛时空格局演变：抚顺和铁岭案例研究

【摘要】Under rapid urbanization, the urban heat island (UHI) problem impacts not only large cities, but also poses severe challenges to shrinking cities with rapidly declining population. In China, most shrinking cities are characterized by population loss alongside the expansion of built-up areas due to policy. Urban warming exacerbates the human settlement environment, with UHI intensifying due to urban expansion, while population loss simultaneously alleviates it. This raises a question: will the UHI problem be mitigated in shrinking cities? In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of surface urban heat island (SUHI) in Fushun and Tieling from 2000 to 2020 using Landsat series products. We combine landscape pattern indices and SUHI indicators, and perform correlation analyses of the factors influencing SUHI with multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR). The findings reveal that in Fushun, mining activities significantly impact SUHI, while in Tieling, extremely Land Surface Temperature (LST) zones are expanding and dispersing. SUHI patterns are notably shaped by subsurface conditions, and spatial configurations play key roles in regulating SUHI. However, population loss has not significantly influenced SUHI, even in shrinking cities. This study offers a new perspective for SUHI research and provides further insights into urban planning strategies.

【摘要翻译】在快速城市化的背景下，城市热岛（UHI）问题不仅影响大型城市，也对人口迅速减少的收缩城市构成了严重挑战。在中国，大多数收缩城市的特点是人口流失与由于政策导致的建成区扩张并存。城市升温加剧了人类居住环境的问题，城市扩张导致UHI加剧，而人口流失同时又有所缓解。这引发了一个问题：收缩城市中的UHI问题是否会得到缓解？在本研究中，我们使用Landsat系列产品分析了2000年至2020年间抚顺和铁岭地表城市热岛（SUHI）的时空格局演变。我们将景观格局指数与SUHI指标相结合，并使用多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR）对影响SUHI的因素进行了相关性分析。研究发现，在抚顺，采矿活动显著影响SUHI，而在铁岭，极端地表温度（LST）区域正在扩大和分散。SUHI模式受到地下条件的显著影响，空间配置在调节SUHI方面起着关键作用。然而，即使在收缩城市中，人口流失并没有显著影响SUHI。本研究为SUHI研究提供了新的视角，并为城市规划策略提供了进一步的见解。

论文31

Urban-scale power decarbonization using a modified power purchase agreements framework based on Markowitz mean-variance theory城市规模电力去碳化使用基于马科维茨均值-方差理论的修改后的电力购买协议框架

【摘要】Urban power decarbonization is essential in the fight against climate change, yet current research often neglects the financial risks faced by investors and the shifting demands of consumers in liberalized electricity markets. This study addresses these gaps by proposing a modified Markowitz Mean-Variance Portfolio (MVP) theory, integrated with the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP), and a deep learning model. On this basis, an urban energy transition framework centered on Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) is proposed and developed. The framework is validated considering a case study in Kitakyushu, Japan, highlighting its potential in accelerating power sector decarbonization and achieving net-zero emissions by 2038. Additionally, the internal rate of return (IRR) remains stable between 14.5 % and 19.6 % across seven other cities. While the framework reduces long-term cash flow volatility, its effectiveness hinges on industrial electrification efficiency and regional energy self-sufficiency. The findings indicate that relying solely on renewable energy for low-carbon transitions is unrealistic. Furthermore, green hydrogen could emerge as a viable alternative to fossil fuels, potentially replacing batteries for long-term energy storage. Future research should explore cross-regional energy trade and establish legal frameworks for long-term energy transactions to bolster urban energy transition resilience across diverse geographic and economic contexts.

【摘要翻译】城市电力去碳化对于应对气候变化至关重要，然而当前的研究常常忽视了在自由化电力市场中投资者面临的财务风险和消费者需求的转变。本研究通过提出一种修改后的马科维茨均值-方差投资组合（MVP）理论，并将其与低排放分析平台（LEAP）和深度学习模型相结合，来填补这些研究空白。在此基础上，提出并发展了一个以电力购买协议（PPAs）为中心的城市能源转型框架。通过对日本北九州的一个案例研究验证了该框架，突显了其在加速电力部门去碳化并实现2038年净零排放的潜力。此外，在七个其他城市中，内部收益率（IRR）保持在14.5%至19.6%之间稳定。尽管该框架减少了长期现金流波动，但其有效性取决于工业电气化效率和地区能源自给自足水平。研究发现，仅依赖可再生能源进行低碳转型是不现实的。此外，绿色氢能可能成为化石燃料的可行替代品，可能在长期能源储存方面取代电池。未来的研究应探索跨区域能源贸易，并建立长期能源交易的法律框架，以增强不同地理和经济背景下城市能源转型的韧性。

论文32

Democratizing air: A co-created citizen science approach to indoor air quality monitoring民主化空气：共同创建的公民科学方法进行室内空气质量监测

【摘要】Indoor air quality (IAQ) is crucial for public health, yet many remain unaware of indoor pollutants. Although Citizen Science has enhanced outdoor air quality understanding, its application to IAQ remains underexplored. This study introduces a new co-creation methodology that addresses key limitations in existing IAQ monitoring practices by integrating value-sensitive design principles and a ‘facilitated emergence’ paradigm. Through three co-creation workshops, we engaged multiple stakeholders in every stage, from problem definition to data interpretation. We employed adaptive facilitation strategies to effectively balance power dynamics among stakeholders, ensuring inclusive decision-making and mitigating potential biases. Our 30-day data collection campaign provided real-time measurements of Particulate Matter (PM) concentrations. Analysis revealed several locations with Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) PM2.5 ratios close to or above 1, uncovering hidden IAQ complexities and emphasizing the need for localized monitoring. We showed how citizen-generated data can improve spatial resolution, detecting local variations missed by official networks. Feedback from the co-creation workshops demonstrated shifts in participants’ perceptions regarding IAQ, accountability, and their role in environmental decision-making, moving from passive awareness to active engagement. Our findings demonstrate how this value-sensitive and community-driven bottom-up approach can enhance air quality assessment, inform targeted IAQ management strategies, and empower citizens in environmental health decisions.

【摘要翻译】室内空气质量（IAQ）对公众健康至关重要，然而许多人仍然没有意识到室内污染物的存在。虽然公民科学已经增强了我们对室外空气质量的了解，但其应用于IAQ的研究仍然相对较少。本研究介绍了一种新的共同创建方法论，通过整合价值敏感设计原则和“促进涌现”范式，解决了现有IAQ监测实践中的一些关键局限性。通过三个共同创建研讨会，我们在从问题定义到数据解释的每个阶段都让多个利益相关者参与进来。我们采用适应性促进策略，有效地平衡了利益相关者之间的权力动态，确保了包容性的决策制定并减轻了潜在的偏见。
我们的30天数据收集活动提供了实时测量颗粒物（PM）浓度。分析揭示了一些室内/室外（I/O）PM2.5比例接近或超过1的地点，揭示了隐藏的IAQ复杂性，并强调了进行局部监测的必要性。我们展示了公民生成的数据如何提高空间分辨率，检测到官方网络遗漏的局部变化。共同创建研讨会的反馈表明，参与者在IAQ、问责制以及他们在环境决策中的作用方面的看法发生了变化，从被动意识到积极参与。我们的发现表明，这种价值敏感且由社区驱动的自下而上的方法可以增强空气质量评估，为有针对性的IAQ管理策略提供信息，并在环境健康决策中赋予公民权力。

论文33

Evaluation of the coordination-difference-driven sustainability of 12 urban agglomerations in China based on the dynamic probability weighting method基于动态概率加权方法对中国12个城市群协调差异驱动的可持续性评价

【摘要】The sustainable development of urban agglomerations represents a significant driving force in national and global development. This study establishes an indicator system comprising factors associated with the economy, society, and environment, in accordance with the Triple Bottom Line, to assess the sustainability of 12 urban agglomerations in China. A novel framework is proposed, including a dynamic probability weighting method based on sufficient stochastic simulations and a coordination-difference-driven aggregation approach that considers the coordination degree and differences between evaluated objects. The evaluation revealed significant regional disparities in urban agglomeration sustainability from 2012 to 2021. The eastern region's Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, and Shandong Peninsula exhibit above-average sustainability performance. Conversely, the western region's Guangzhong, Guangxi Beibu Gulf, Chengyu, and Ningxia Yellow River regions exhibit below-average performance. Moreover, the growth rate of sustainability values for the 12 urban agglomerations followed a downward trajectory. Furthermore, the environmental dimension is the primary driver of sustainable development in urban agglomerations, while the economic dimension represents the main obstacle. These findings offer policymakers a scientific and practical framework to guide sustainability-related decisions.

【摘要翻译】城市发展群的可持续发展代表了国家乃至全球发展的重大推动力。本研究根据三重底线（Triple Bottom Line）建立了一个涵盖经济、社会和环境因素的指标体系，用以评估中国12个城市发展群的可持续性。本研究提出了一种新颖的框架，包括基于充分随机模拟的动态概率加权方法，以及考虑评估对象之间协调程度和差异的协调-差异驱动聚合方法。评估结果显示，从2012年到2021年，城市发展群的可持续性在地区之间存在显著差异。东部地区的长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、京津冀地区和山东半岛的可持续发展表现高于平均水平。相反，西部地区的关中、广西北部湾、成渝和宁夏黄河地区的表现则低于平均水平。此外，12个城市发展群的可持续性价值增长率呈下降趋势。再者，环境维度是城市发展群可持续发展的主要驱动力，而经济维度则是主要障碍。这些发现为政策制定者提供了一个科学实用的框架，以指导与可持续发展相关的决策。

论文34

Green space-building integration for Urban Heat Island mitigation: Insights from Beijing's fifth ring road district

绿地建筑一体化用于缓解城市热岛效应：来自北京五环路的启示

【摘要】In this research, we delve into the complex arrangement of urban landscapes, where green spaces and buildings are not merely co-existing but are interwoven into a cohesive fabric that shapes the thermal environment. Our approach transcends the conventional methods of analysis, which typically isolate the roles of greenery or built environments. Instead, we adopt a synergistic perspective that recognizes the collective influence of these landscape constituents on the urban thermal pattern. Key insights are: (1) A linear decrease in average land surface temperature with increasing green space coverage is observed. However, substantial temperature variations (up to 8 °C) within the same coverage interval highlight the significant impact of built-up pattern on thermal conditions; (2) High Building Height and Floor Area Ratio, and low Building Coverage Ratio and Sky View Factor, are linked to cooler temperatures in areas with up to 50 % green space; (3) The study suggests that low-temperature areas can inform the adjustment of built-up patterns in high-temperature areas, offering a strategy for thermal environment optimization within specific green space coverage intervals. This research contributes insights into the integrated planning of green spaces and buildings, with implications for urban development and renewal initiatives aiming to enhance the urban thermal environment.

【摘要翻译】这项研究深入探讨了城市景观的复杂布局，其中绿色空间和建筑不仅仅是共存，而是交织成一个统一的整体，共同塑造着城市的热环境。研究采用了一种超越传统分析方法的协同视角，后者通常孤立地看待绿色植被或建成环境的作用。研究发现，随着绿色空间覆盖率的增加，平均地表温度呈现出线性下降的趋势，但在同一覆盖率区间内，温度变化可高达8°C，这突显了建成模式对热条件的重要影响。在绿色空间覆盖率高达50%的地区，较高的建筑高度和楼面面积比以及较低的建筑覆盖率和平视因子与更低的温度相关联。研究表明，低温区域可以为高温区域调整建成模式提供策略，为特定绿色空间覆盖率区间内的热环境优化提供了可能。这项研究为绿色空间和建筑的整合规划提供了见解，对于旨在改善城市热环境的城市发展和管理倡议具有深远的意义，强调了在城市规划和设计中综合考虑绿色空间和建成环境的重要性，以实现更可持续和宜居的城市环境。

论文35

Self-reported public fast charging infrastructure demand: What do existing and potential electric vehicle adopters want and where?

自我报告的公共快速充电基础设施需求：现有和潜在的电动汽车采用者想要什么以及在哪里？

【摘要】Electric vehicles (EVs) promise emissions reduction, but adoption rates must increase to meet 2030 targets. Since public fast charging infrastructure (PFCI) is considered important to increase EV uptake, this research aims to assess its demand across existing and potential EV adopters in Ireland. Online mapping tools were used to capture 1635 self-reported locations where users prefer PFCI, along with other related preferences from 545 respondents. The results were analysed using a mixed-method approach including exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Geographic Information System (GIS), two-step cluster analysis, and qualitative analysis. The results indicate that expanding PFCI is critical for increasing EV uptake, with 81.4% of potential EV adopters showing a significant impact on uptake. Major deterrents identified include insufficient availability of public fast chargers followed by high charging costs. The qualitative analysis highlights existing EV users’ demand for improved end-user experiences, such as unified payment systems. Most preferred locations for PFCI installation include travel routes, followed by shopping centres/ supermarkets. Results also indicate that a reliable second-hand market would be key to increasing EV uptake. The findings from this study can serve policymakers in effectively rolling out PFCI, while the methodology employed can be replicated in other comparable study areas.

【摘要翻译】电动汽车（EV）承诺减少排放，但为了达到2030年的目标，采用率必须提高。由于公共快速充电基础设施（PFCI）被认为是增加电动汽车采用率的重要因素，这项研究旨在评估爱尔兰现有和潜在电动汽车采用者对PFCI的需求。研究使用了在线地图工具来捕捉1635个用户偏好的PFCI自报告位置，以及来自545名受访者的其他相关偏好。结果通过混合方法进行分析，包括探索性因子分析（EFA）、地理信息系统（GIS）、两步聚类分析和定性分析。结果表明，扩大PFCI对于增加电动汽车的采用至关重要，81.4%的潜在电动汽车采用者显示出对采用率的显著影响。确定的主要障碍包括公共快速充电器的可用性不足，其次是高昂的充电成本。定性分析突出了现有电动汽车用户对改善终端用户体验的需求，例如统一的支付系统。PFCI安装最受欢迎的地点包括旅行路线，其次是购物中心/超市。结果还表明，一个可靠的二手市场将是增加电动汽车采用的关键。这项研究的发现可以为政策制定者在有效推出PFCI时提供参考，同时所采用的方法可以复制到其他类似的研究区域。

论文36

How does digital technology innovation drive synergies for reducing pollution and carbon emissions?
数字技术创新如何推动减少污染和碳排放的协同效应？

【摘要】Digital technological innovation is a key force in reshaping production and achieving green, low-carbon development, provides new impetus to reducing pollution emissions (PE) and carbon emissions (CE). This study employed the coupled coordination model, panel regression model and spatial Durbin model to examine how the digital technology innovation level (DTIL) and digital technology transfer scale (DTTS) affected synergies for reducing pollution and carbon emissions (PCRS) in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2015 to 2021. The results showed that: The evolution of PCRS is characterized by high synergy cities are increasing, low synergy cities are decreasing, and excellent coordination cities are becoming more concentrated. In the synergistic type migration evolution, the core area primarily ascends; the central and peripheral areas remain mostly stable. The effects of DTIL and DTTS on PCRS follow a non-linear inverted U-shaped pattern. DTIL has a stronger effect on reducing PE, while DTTS tends to increase CE. In terms of spatial spillover effects, DTIL has an inverted U-shaped relationship with PCRS in local regions and a positive spillover effect on neighboring regions; DTTS has a negative impact on PCRS in local regions, but shows an inverted U-shaped relationship in neighboring regions. Both of them also affect PCRS through industrial structure and energy efficiency.

【摘要翻译】数字技术创新是重塑生产和实现绿色低碳发展的关键力量，为减少污染排放和碳排放提供了新的动力。本研究采用耦合协调模型、面板回归模型和空间杜宾模型，考察了数字技术创新水平和数字技术转让规模对2015年至2021年长江三角洲地区减少污染和碳排放协同效应的影响。结果表明，协同效应的演变特征是高协同效应城市数量增加，低协同效应城市数量减少，优秀协调城市变得更加集中。在协同类型迁移演变中，核心区域主要上升，而中部和外围区域大部分保持稳定。数字技术创新水平和数字技术转让规模对协同效应的影响呈现非线性倒U型模式，其中数字技术创新水平在减少污染排放方面效果更强，而数字技术转让规模倾向于增加碳排放。在空间溢出效应方面，数字技术创新水平与协同效应在本地地区呈倒U型关系，并对邻近地区产生正向溢出效应；数字技术转让规模在本地地区对协同效应产生负面影响，但在邻近地区呈现倒U型关系。此外，两者还通过产业结构和能源效率影响协同效应。

论文37

Research on the mechanism and path of the coupling of digital technology and environmental regulation to promote urban green efficiency数字技术与环境规制耦合促进城市绿色效率的机制与路径研究

【摘要】Digital technology, renowned for its embeddedness and integration, revolutionizes governance ideas, institutions, and models. Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2007 to 2021, a panel vector autoregressive model (PVaR) is built to reveal the interaction mechanism between digital technology and environmental regulation. The fixed-effects panel model explored the green impact of the coupling of digital technology and environmental regulation, considering the mediating role of industrial upgrading, factor allocation, and public participation. The results show that digital technology and environmental regulation promote each other. The coupling of digital technology and environmental regulation enhances urban green efficiency, especially in economically advanced and eastern regions. Industrial upgrading, factor allocation, and public participation mediate this effect. Therefore, government departments should build ecological civilization by improving environmental management decision-making, promoting the deep integration of digital technology and environmental regulation, and exploring a new path of urban green development.

【摘要翻译】数字技术以其嵌入性和集成性而闻名，它革新了治理理念、制度和模式。基于2007年至2021年中国285个城市的面板数据，构建了一个面板向量自回归模型（PVaR），以揭示数字技术与环境规制之间的互动机制。固定效应面板模型探讨了数字技术与环境规制耦合的绿色影响，并考虑了产业升级、要素配置和公众参与的中介作用。结果显示，数字技术与环境规制相互促进。数字技术与环境规制的耦合提升了城市绿色效率，尤其是在经济发达和东部地区。产业升级、要素配置和公众参与在这一效应中起到了中介作用。因此，政府部门应当通过改善环境管理决策、推动数字技术与环境规制的深度融合，以及探索城市绿色发展的新路径，来构建生态文明。

论文38

The spatio-temporal dynamic evolution and variability pattern of urban green resilience in China based on multi-criteria decision-making

中国城市绿色韧性的时空动态演变和变异模式研究基于多标准决策制定

【摘要】Environmental challenges significantly impact urban areas, making cities vulnerable to extreme climatic events. Hence, this study introduces an urban green resilience index system and employs a novel multi-criteria decision-making method to measure green resilience across Chinese cities. Utilizing exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis, Dagum Spatial Gini coefficient, and geographical detector methods, we examine spatio-temporal dynamic evolution and variability pattern. Key findings are as follows: (1) The overall level of green resilience in Chinese cities has significantly increased over the past decade. (2) Urban green resilience exhibits significant spatial clustering and dependence, with high-high mode in central and eastern China, and low-low mode in the southwest and northwest. (3) Urban green resilience aligns along a northeast-southwest axis, with its center of gravity corresponding to major population and economic centers. (4) There is a spatial convergence in urban green resilience across eastern, central, and western China, with declining Dagum Spatial Gini coefficients suggesting reduced spatial inequality. (5) Exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis indicates stable local spatial structures, but inter-city collaboration remains insufficient for fostering a cooperative developmental pattern for urban green resilience. This study examines the capacity and potential of cities to adapt their development strategies and achieve sustainable growth amidst environmental challenges and uncertainties, including extreme weather events.

【摘要翻译】环境挑战对城市地区产生了显著影响，使城市容易受到极端气候事件的影响。因此，本研究引入了一个城市绿色韧性指数体系，并采用了一种新颖的多标准决策方法来衡量中国城市间的绿色韧性。利用探索性时空数据分析、Dagum空间基尼系数和地理探测器方法，我们检验了时空动态演变和变异模式。主要发现如下：（1）过去十年间，中国城市绿色韧性的总体水平显著提高。（2）城市绿色韧性表现出显著的空间集聚和依赖性，中部和东部中国呈现高-高模式，西南和西北地区呈现低-低模式。（3）城市绿色韧性沿东北-西南轴对齐，其重心对应于主要的人口和经济中心。（4）东部、中部和西部中国的城市绿色韧性存在空间趋同，Dagum空间基尼系数的下降表明空间不平等减少。（5）探索性时空数据分析表明，局部空间结构稳定，但城市间合作对于促进城市绿色韧性的合作发展模式仍然不足。本研究考察了城市在环境挑战和不确定性，包括极端天气事件中，调整发展战略和实现可持续增长的能力和潜力。

论文39

A hybrid spatiotemporal model combining graph attention network and gated recurrent unit for regional composite air pollution prediction and collaborative control

结合图注意力网络和门控循环单元的混合时空模型用于区域复合空气污染预测与协同控制

【摘要】MachineMachine learning (ML) models have been extensively applied in air quality prediction. However, many of these models often failed to unveil complex mechanisms and regional spatiotemporal variations of composite air pollution. This brings uncertainties in using ML models for effective composite air pollution control. The present study developed a novel hybrid spatiotemporal model framework combining Graph Attention Network (GAT) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), namely the GAT-GRU model, to foresee composite air pollutions with a focus on PM2.5 and O3. By extracting attention matrices for PM2.5O3 composite pollution and applying the Louvain algorithm, the framework established effective community network divisions for coordinated control of PM2.5O3 composite pollution. The framework was applied and tested in China's “2 + 26″ cities, a city cluster with most heavy PM2.5 and O3 pollution and precursor emission sources. The results demonstrate that the framework successfully captured spatiotemporal evolution of combined PM2.5 and O3 pollution. The attention matrix is autonomously generated during course of the model learning process with the aim to interpret the complex interactions among “2 + 26″ cities. The framework provides a new perspective for the interpretability of artificial intelligence models and offers a methodological support and scientific evidence for formulating regional pollution cooperative governance strategies. learning (ML) models have been extensively applied in air quality prediction. However, many of these models often failed to unveil complex mechanisms and regional spatiotemporal variations of composite air pollution. This brings uncertainties in using ML models for effective composite air pollution control. The present study developed a novel hybrid spatiotemporal model framework combining Graph Attention Network (GAT) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), namely the GAT-GRU model, to foresee composite air pollutions with a focus on PM2.5 and O3. By extracting attention matrices for PM2.5O3 composite pollution and applying the Louvain algorithm, the framework established effective community network divisions for coordinated control of PM2.5O3 composite pollution. The framework was applied and tested in China's “2 + 26″ cities, a city cluster with most heavy PM2.5 and O3 pollution and precursor emission sources. The results demonstrate that the framework successfully captured spatiotemporal evolution of combined PM2.5 and O3 pollution. The attention matrix is autonomously generated during course of the model learning process with the aim to interpret the complex interactions among “2 + 26″ cities. The framework provides a new perspective for the interpretability of artificial intelligence models and offers a methodological support and scientific evidence for formulating regional pollution cooperative governance strategies.

【摘要翻译】机器学习（ML）模型已广泛应用于空气质量预测。然而，这些模型中的许多往往未能揭示复合空气污染的复杂机制和区域时空变化。这给使用ML模型进行有效的复合空气污染控制带来了不确定性。本研究开发了一种新颖的混合时空模型框架，结合图注意力网络（Graph Attention Network，简称GAT）和门控循环单元（Gated Recurrent Unit，简称GRU），即GAT-GRU模型，以预测PM2.5和O3为主的复合空气污染。通过提取PM2.5和O3复合污染的关注矩阵并应用Louvain算法，该框架为PM2.5和O3复合污染的协同控制建立了有效的社区网络划分。该框架在中国的“2+26”城市群应用和测试，这是一个PM2.5和O3污染及前体物排放源最重的城市群。结果表明，该框架成功捕捉了PM2.5和O3复合污染的时空演变。关注矩阵在模型学习过程中自动生成，旨在解释“2+26”城市之间复杂的相互作用。该框架为人工智能模型的可解释性提供了新视角，并为制定区域污染协同治理策略提供了方法论支持和科学证据。

论文40

Assessing diurnal land surface temperature variations across landcover and local climate zones: Implications for urban planning and mitigation strategies on socio-economic factors

估不同土地覆盖和地方气候区的昼夜地表温度变化：对城市规划和社会经济因素减缓策略的影响

【摘要】Rising temperatures and rapid urbanization globally reinforce the need to understand urban climates. We investigated the influence of land cover and local climate zones (LCZs) on diurnal land surface temperature (LST) in various seasons in greater Delhi region, India, and their implications on socio-economic factors. Day LST was the highest in the summer and night LST in the monsoon, which also had the lowest diurnal differences in LST. Higher height and density of built-up features contributed to greater heat at night. During the day, open built-up and vegetated areas experienced relatively less heat than their compact equivalents. The lowest diurnal difference was in medium height compact urban zones and tall vegetation. Social inequity in access to urban cooling was indicated by large low-income and heat-vulnerable populations inhabiting the hottest LCZs. This research highlighted that even in semi-arid and subtropical climates, spatial planning policy should consider both the seasonality and diurnal differences in temperature as much as appropriate morphologies for design of thermally comfortable and climate resilient urban spaces. These policies should address the evidenced social inequities in heat exposure to reduce the adverse health impacts on vulnerable groups and therefore contribute to wider societal and economic benefits of healthier populations.

【摘要翻译】全球气温上升和快速城市化加强了我们对城市气候理解的必要性。我们研究了土地覆盖和地方气候区（LCZs）对印度德里大区不同季节昼夜地表温度（LST）的影响及其对社会经济因素的影响。夏季白天LST最高，而雨季夜间LST最高，也具有最低的昼夜LST差异。建筑特征的高度和密度越高，夜间热量越大。在白天，开放建筑区和植被区相对于它们的紧凑对应区经历的热度较低。中高度紧凑城市区和高植被区的昼夜差异最低。大量低收入和热敏感人群居住在最热的LCZs中，表明了城市降温设施获取的社会不平等。这项研究强调，即使在半干旱和亚热带气候中，空间规划政策应考虑季节性和昼夜温差以及适当的形态设计，以打造热舒适和气候适应性强的城市空间。这些政策应解决已证实的热暴露社会不平等，以减少对脆弱群体的不利健康影响，从而为更健康人群的更广泛社会和经济效益做出贡献。

论文41

The evolution of urban ecological resilience: An evaluation framework based on vulnerability, sensitivity and self-organization

城市生态韧性的演变：基于脆弱性、敏感性和自组织的评估框架

【摘要】Ecological resilience assessment has become a key link in urban sustainable governance. This study introduces a new evaluation framework to inform policy-making and practical applications. Based on the structural and functional dimensions of landscape patterns, it integrates the vulnerability, sensitivity and self-organization of resilience to point to desirable directions of ecological resilience. A composite ecological resilience index is compiled based on six indices of landscape diversity, landscape disturbance, source-sink patch distance, habitat quality, minimum cumulative resistance, and landscape restoration. The framework is particularly applicable to cities located in ecologically sensitive areas. Hence, Nanchang City, China was selected as a case study. Using 1km2 hexagonal grids, the framework is applied to map spatiotemporal changes and to analyze various natural and anthropogenic driving forces of ecological resilience in Nanchang from 2000 to 2020. Research findings confirm the feasibility and value of the urban ecological resilience analysis framework. They also highlight the advantages of the framework in revealing spatially dynamic processes and ecological resilience contributing factors, making it a valuable and practical tool for sustainable urban planning and refined management decision-making.

【摘要翻译】生态韧性评估已成为城市可持续治理的关键环节。本研究引入了一个新的评估框架，以指导政策制定和实际应用。该框架基于景观模式的结构和功能维度，整合了韧性的脆弱性、敏感性和自组织，指出了生态韧性的期望发展方向。基于景观多样性、景观干扰、源汇斑块距离、栖息地质量、最小累积阻力和景观恢复六个指标，编制了复合生态韧性指数。该框架特别适用于位于生态敏感区域的城市。因此，选择中国南昌市作为案例研究。使用1平方公里的六边形网格，该框架应用于映射2000年至2020年南昌生态韧性的时空变化，并分析各种自然和人为驱动力。研究发现确认了城市生态韧性分析框架的可行性和价值。它们还强调了框架在揭示空间动态过程和生态韧性贡献因素方面的优势，使其成为可持续城市规划和精细管理决策的有价值和实用工具。

论文42

Intersecting social welfare with resilience to streamline urban flood management将社会福利与韧性相结合以简化城市洪水管理

【摘要】Urban policymakers have long searched for stormwater management plans that incentivize stakeholders to adopt Green Infrastructure (GI) while effectively reducing the vulnerability of drainage systems. In this regard, our research introduces a novel framework to develop GI strategies that provide both hydrological resiliency and social acceptance. To achieve this, first, using a coupled Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II), optimal alternatives for GI planning were generated. In the optimization process, we used a novel Simple Urban Flood Resilience Index (SUFRI) to consider the internal performance of the system in identifying resilient plans. Derived management strategies warrant runoff volume reduction and resilience improvement up to 31.3% and 55.1%, respectively. In the next step, Utilitarian-based Social Welfare (USW) was employed to clarify the socio-economic behavior of management strategies. Results indicate that while financial incentives significantly motivate developers to implement GI, they cannot guarantee high social welfare, and achieving a sustainable solution requires evaluating both SUFRI and USW layers under different subsidy levels. Visualizing the SUFRI layer revealed a critical failure in the resiliency trend of solutions that cannot be detected by evaluating simpler metrics, such as runoff volume reduction. This highlights the importance of the SUFRI method in conducting deeper evaluations and preventing financial waste. Finally, we navigated the intersection of USW and SUFRI measures to reach an ideal management plan with optimal supporting level. Our findings showed that the selected solution with the highest social acceptability can improve the resiliency of the system by 29 %. This study is a novel combination of the hydrological and social aspects of stormwater management, enabling decision-makers to take significant steps towards sustainable urban development.

【摘要翻译】城市政策制定者一直在寻找既能激励利益相关者采用绿色基础设施（GI），又能有效地降低排水系统脆弱性的雨水管理计划。在这方面，我们的研究引入了一个新框架来开发既能提供水文韧性又能获得社会接受的GI策略。为了实现这一点，首先，使用耦合的雨水管理模型（Stormwater Management Model，简称SWMM）和非支配排序遗传算法II（Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II，简称NSGA-II），生成了GI规划的最优替代方案。在优化过程中，我们使用了一个新颖的简单城市洪水韧性指数（Simple Urban Flood Resilience Index，简称SUFRI）来考虑系统内部性能，以识别韧性计划。派生的管理策略可以使径流体积减少和韧性提高分别达到31.3%和55.1%。接下来，采用基于效用的社会福利（Utilitarian-based Social Welfare，简称USW）来阐明管理策略的社会经济行为。结果表明，尽管财政激励显著激励开发商实施GI，但它们不能保证高社会福利，实现可持续解决方案需要在不同补贴水平下评估SUFRI和USW层。可视化SUFRI层揭示了解决方案韧性趋势中的关键失败，这些失败不能通过评估更简单的指标，如径流体积减少来检测。这强调了SUFRI方法在进行更深入评估和防止财政浪费方面的重要性。最后，我们导航了USW和SUFRI措施的交叉点，以找到一个具有最佳支持水平的理想管理计划。我们的发现表明，具有最高社会可接受性的选定解决方案可以提高系统的韧性29%。这项研究是雨水管理的水文和社会方面的新颖结合，使决策者能够朝着可持续城市发展迈出重要步骤。

论文43

Optimization of industrial layout in airport economic zone through government-enterprise interaction
通过政企互动优化机场经济区产业布局

【摘要】To avoid the issue of industrial layout plans in Airport Economic Zones (AEZs) being hard to implement due to mismatched the land supply and demand, it is necessary to clarify industrial layout factors that the government (land supplier) and locating enterprises (land demanders) focus on. This study constructs a AEZ's industrial layout optimization model from the government's perspective and enterprises’ locating utility. Based on the Gale-Shapley algorithm, aiming at eliminating blocking pairs, we establish government-enterprise interacting rules and coordinating mechanisms, corresponding to two types of government-enterprise interactions, namely public consultation and investment promotion joint meeting. According to government transparency and enterprise participation, the optimization modeland Agent-Based Model are adopted in the combination to simulate the government-enterprise interactions in the decision-making of industrial layout in AEZ, under two interaction rules of “enterprises provide feedback in one go - the government makes revisions in one go” and “enterprises provide feedback one by one - the government makes revisions one by one”, respectively. By analyzing the changing curves of their objective functions, the equilibrium point where both parties can reach an agreement is identified, and the industrial layout scheme in AEZ is determined that will be mutually accepted. It is found that positive interaction with high government transparency and high enterprise participation will help improve the rationality of the industrial layout in AEZ, maximizing the efficiency of spatial allocation of elements and resources.

【摘要翻译】为了避免机场经济区（AEZ）产业布局规划因土地供需不匹配而难以实施的问题，有必要明确政府（土地供应方）和选址企业（土地需求方）关注的产业布局因素。本研究从政府的角度和企业的选址效用出发，构建了AEZ产业布局优化模型。基于Gale-Shapley算法，以消除阻塞对为目标，我们建立了政企互动规则和协调机制，对应两种政企互动类型，即公众咨询和投资促进联席会议。根据政府透明度和企业参与度，优化模型和基于代理的模型（Agent-Based Model）被结合使用，以模拟在AEZ产业布局决策中的政企互动，分别采用“企业一次性提供反馈——政府一次性修改”和“企业逐一提供反馈——政府逐一修改”两种互动规则。通过分析目标函数的变化曲线，确定了双方可以达成一致的平衡点，并确定了将被双方共同接受的AEZ产业布局方案。研究发现，高政府透明度和高企业参与度的积极互动将有助于提高AEZ产业布局的合理性，最大化空间要素和资源配置的效率。

论文44

Data fusion for enhancing urban air quality modeling using large-scale citizen science data使用大规模公民科学数据增强城市空气质量建模的数据融合

【摘要】Rapid urbanization has led to many environmental issues, including poor air quality. With urbanization set to continue, there is an urgent need to mitigate air pollution and minimize its adverse health impacts. This study aims to advance urban air quality modelling by integrating a dispersion model output with large-scale citizen science data, collected over a 4-week period by 642 participants in Cork City, Ireland. The dispersion model enabled the identification of major sources of NO2 air pollution while also addressing gaps in regulatory monitoring efforts. Integrating the diffusion tube data with the dispersion model output, we developed a data fusion model that captured localized fluctuations in air quality, with increases of up to 22μg/m3 observed at major road intersections. The data fusion model provided a more accurate representation of NO2 concentrations, with estimates within 1.3μg/m3 of the regulatory monitoring measurement at an urban traffic location, an improvement of 11.7μg/m3 from the baseline dispersion model. This enhanced accuracy enabled a more precise assessment of the population exposure to air pollution. The data fusion model showed a higher population exposure to NO2 compared to the dispersion model, providing valuable insights that can inform environmental health policies aimed at safeguarding public health.

【摘要翻译】快速城市化导致了许多环境问题，包括空气质量差。随着城市化进程的持续，迫切需要减轻空气污染并最小化其对健康的不利影响。本研究旨在通过整合分散模型输出与大规模公民科学数据来推进城市空气质量建模，这些数据由爱尔兰科克市的642名参与者在4周内收集。分散模型能够识别NO2空气污染的主要来源，同时也弥补了监管监测工作的不足。将扩散管数据与分散模型输出整合，我们开发了一个数据融合模型，该模型捕捉到了空气质量的局部波动，在主要道路交叉口观察到的增加高达22μg/m3。数据融合模型提供了更准确的NO2浓度表示，估计值与城市交通地点的监管监测测量值相差1.3μg/m3，比基线分散模型提高了11.7μg/m3。这种增强的准确性使得对人群暴露于空气污染的评估更加精确。与分散模型相比，数据融合模型显示了人群对NO2的更高暴露，提供了宝贵的见解，可以为旨在保护公共健康的环境卫生政策提供信息。

论文45

Simulation and prediction of daytime surface urban heat island intensity under multiple scenarios via fully connected neural network通过全连接神经网络模拟和预测多种情景下白天表面城市热岛强度

【摘要】The intensification of the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI), driven by urbanization, land use and land cover (LULC) changes, and population growth, presents significant environmental and public health risks in urban areas. Simulating and predicting SUHI, particularly through the identification of future high SUHI intensity (SUHII) zones, has been recognized as a critical step in mitigating these effects. This study employs a Fully Convolutional Neural Network (FCNN) model, trained on data from four research sites, to simulate the current daytime SUHII across six validation sites in Singapore, utilizing 15 key independent variables identified in previous studies. The model exhibits high validation accuracy, achieving 87.45%. Three projection scenarios, based on projected population growth and LULC changes, predict a decrease in High SUHII across all validation sites, ranging from 98.3% to 9%. This reduction is attributed to the LULC improvements proposed in the 2019 Master Plan. Spatial analysis of the predicted SUHII maps indicates that the majority of High SUHII locations across scenarios remain consistent with the current situation. This research also suggests that the model could be a valuable tool for urban planners, allowing them to assess whether new urban development plans will effectively reduce High SUHII to desired thresholds, thereby mitigating SUHII in urban environments.

【摘要翻译】城市热岛效应（Surface Urban Heat Island，简称SUHI）的加剧，受到城市化、土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）变化以及人口增长的驱动，在城市地区带来了重大的环境和公共健康风险。通过模拟和预测SUHI，特别是识别未来高强度SUHI区域（SUHII），被认为是减轻这些影响的关键步骤。本研究采用全卷积神经网络（Fully Convolutional Neural Network，简称FCNN）模型，利用四个研究点的数据进行训练，模拟新加坡六个验证点当前白天的SUHII，使用了先前研究中确定的15个关键独立变量。模型展现出高验证准确率，达到了87.45%。基于预测的人口增长和LULC变化，三个预测情景预测所有验证点的高强度SUHII将减少，范围从98.3%降至9%。这一减少归因于2019年总体规划中提出的LULC改进。对预测的SUHII地图进行空间分析表明，大多数情景下的高强度SUHII位置与当前情况保持一致。这项研究还表明，该模型可能是城市规划者的一个有价值工具，使他们能够评估新的城市发展规划是否能有效降低高强度SUHII至期望阈值，从而减轻城市环境中的SUHI。

论文46

Dynamic integrated simulation of carbon emission reduction potential in China's building sector中国建筑领域减排潜力的动态综合模拟

【摘要】The building sector has received increasing attention due to its significant contribution to carbon emissions and great reduction potential. With continuous technology implementation, it is critical to identify the trajectories of emissions and potential reduction for China's building sector to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets. This study develops an integrated model by combining the system dynamics (SD) model and the long-range energy alternatives planning (LEAP) model to estimate energy consumption and carbon emissions of different types of buildings. The LEAP model is constructed based on the predictions from the SD model, which identifies the critical activity level parameters including number of households and building stocks by type. Coupled with scenario analysis, the model is applied to simulate the building emissions reduction potential and the contribution of five mitigation technologies across four scenarios. The results indicate that carbon emissions will peak at 2.80 Billion tons (Bt) in 2032 under the business as usual scenario (BAS). By 2060, reductions of 28.55 %, 59.03 %, and 76.53 % will be achieved under the advanced technology scenario (ATS), intersectoral synergistic scenario (ISS), and continuous improvement scenario (CIS), respectively. Among the five technologies, electrification and efficient end-use device technologies contribute the greatest reductions of 0.16 Bt and 0.23 Bt, respectively. Under the CIS, carbon emissions will advance toward 2024 with a peak of 2.47 Bt. This study not only provides a theoretical tool for energy and emissions analysis but also formulates targeted technology roadmaps for building sector emission mitigation.

【摘要翻译】建筑领域因其对碳排放的重大贡献和巨大的减排潜力而受到越来越多的关注。随着技术的持续实施，识别中国建筑领域排放轨迹和潜在减排对于实现碳达峰和碳中和目标至关重要。本研究开发了一个综合模型，通过结合系统动力学（SD）模型和长期能源替代规划（LEAP）模型来估算不同类型建筑的能源消耗和碳排放。LEAP模型基于SD模型的预测构建，确定了包括家庭数量和按类型划分的建筑存量等关键活动水平参数。结合情景分析，该模型被应用于模拟建筑排放减排潜力和五种减缓技术在四种情景下的贡献。结果表明，在一切照旧情景（BAS）下，碳排放将在2032年达到28亿吨（Bt）的峰值。到2060年，在先进技术情景（ATS）、部门协同情景（ISS）和持续改进情景（CIS）下，将分别实现28.55%、59.03%和76.53%的减排。在五种技术中，电气化和高效终端设备技术分别贡献了最大的减排量，分别为0.16 Bt和0.23 Bt。在CIS情景下，碳排放将在2024年提前达到2.47 Bt的峰值。本研究不仅提供了能源和排放分析的理论工具，还为建筑领域排放减缓制定了针对性的技术路线图。

论文47

Exploring the climatic conditions effect on spatial urban photovoltaic systems development using a spatial multi-criteria decision analysis: A multi-city analysis使用空间多标准决策分析探索气候条件对城市光伏系统发展的影响：多城市分析

【摘要】Identifying suitable locations for urban photovoltaic systems (UPVS) is crucial for achieving sustainable energy objectives and designing smart, eco-friendly cities. This study assesses the potential for UPVS expansion in eight cities across different climatic zones in Iran using a spatial multi-criteria decision-making method. Two scenarios were analyzed: the first compared spatial potential within each city, and the second compared potential between cities. The findings indicate that rooftops of the tallest buildings in densely populated areas, especially those with high solar energy output and sky view factor, hold the greatest potential for UPVS development. These locations are often near parks, commercial centers, and road networks. In the first scenario, Ardabil (5.70%), Gorgan (4.65%), Mashhad (5.46%), Tehran (8.10%), Kermanshah (5.76%), Shahrekord (3.41%), Kerman (8.67%), and Zahedan (8.56%) show significant potential for photovoltaic development. In the second scenario, cities in hot, dry climates like Zahedan and Kerman exhibit greater potential compared to cities in moderate, humid climates like Ardabil and Gorgan. Based on the analysis of this scenario, Ardabil (0.04%), Gorgan (1.49%), Mashhad (5.58%), Tehran (5.06%), Kermanshah (0.00%), Shaherkord (0.03%), Kerman (21.70%) and Zahedan (39.11%) showed a very high potential for UPVS development. The results of this study offer valuable insights for urban solar energy planning.

【摘要翻译】确定适合城市光伏系统（UPVS）的地点对于实现可持续能源目标和设计智能、环保的城市至关重要。本研究使用空间多标准决策方法，评估了伊朗不同气候区八个城市UPVS扩张的潜力。分析了两种情景：第一种比较了每个城市内的空间潜力，第二种比较了城市之间的潜力。研究结果表明，在人口密集区最高建筑的屋顶，尤其是那些太阳能输出高和天空视野因子大的地方，对于UPVS发展具有最大的潜力。这些地点通常靠近公园、商业中心和道路网络。在第一种情景下，阿尔达比勒（5.70%）、戈尔甘（4.65%）、马什哈德（5.46%）、德黑兰（8.10%）、克尔曼沙阿（5.76%）、沙赫鲁德（3.41%）、克尔曼（8.67%）和扎黑丹（8.56%）显示出显著的光伏发展潜力。在第二种情景下，像扎黑丹和克尔曼这样炎热干燥气候的城市，与像阿尔达比勒和戈尔甘这样温和湿润气候的城市相比，展现出更大的潜力。基于这一情景的分析，阿尔达比勒（0.04%）、戈尔甘（1.49%）、马什哈德（5.58%）、德黑兰（5.06%）、克尔曼沙阿（0.00%）、沙赫鲁德（0.03%）、克尔曼（21.70%）和扎黑丹（39.11%）显示出非常高的UPVS发展潜力。这项研究的结果为城市太阳能规划提供了宝贵的见解。

论文48

Projected risk and vulnerability to heat waves for Montreal, Quebec, using Gaussian processes
使用高斯过程预测蒙特利尔，魁北克热浪的风险和脆弱性

【摘要】Urban areas face increasing climate risks and are at the forefront of adaptation challenges. Despite the growing number of cities that are developing adaptation plans, they often fail to implement, monitor, and evaluate them. This article addresses this issue by modelling a comprehensive risk assessment that includes vulnerability using Gaussian processes. Mortality during heat waves for the City of Montreal, Quebec, is used as a case study. The vulnerability model includes sensitivity components (age and socioeconomic variables) and an adaptive capacity component (a suitable level of vegetation to decrease the urban heat island effect). Various aging and climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) are used for projections up to year 2100. SHAP values are used to show features contributions to the model. As the climate warms, Montreal will face increasing summer mortality. The city should therefore increase its vegetation cover in vulnerable neighbourhoods. Despite inherent limitations to the complexity of risk modelling, this approach facilitates the implementation of adaptation solutions and their monitoring. Greater effort should be made in the future to improve comprehensive risk modelling and more research is required to validate which framework is best in closing the gap between science and political decisions.

【摘要翻译】城市地区面临日益增加的气候风险，并且在适应挑战中处于前沿。尽管越来越多的城市正在制定适应计划，但它们往往未能实施、监测和评估这些计划。本文通过建模一个包括脆弱性在内的全面风险评估来解决这个问题，使用高斯过程进行建模。以魁北克省蒙特利尔市在热浪期间的死亡率作为案例研究。脆弱性模型包括敏感性组成部分（年龄和社会经济变量）和适应能力组成部分（适当的植被水平以减少城市热岛效应）。使用了不同的老龄化和气候情景（SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5）进行直到2100年的预测。SHAP值用于显示特征对模型的贡献。随着气候变暖，蒙特利尔将面临日益增加的夏季死亡风险。因此，该市应该在脆弱社区增加植被覆盖。尽管风险建模的复杂性存在固有限制，但这种方法有助于实施适应解决方案及其监测。未来应加大努力改进全面风险建模，并需要更多研究来验证哪个框架最能弥合科学与政治决策之间的差距。

论文49

Enhancing renewable energy evaluation: Utilizing complex picture fuzzy frank aggregation operators in multi-attribute group decision-making
提升可再生能源评估：在多属性群体决策中利用复杂图像模糊Frank聚合算子

【摘要】Renewable energy resources are pivotal in addressing global energy challenges and achieving sustainable development goals. In this context, the complex picture fuzzy sets (CPFS) theory provides a robust framework for handling complex and uncertain information. This article presents innovative strategies based on Frank aggregation tools to evaluate and prioritize renewable energy resources. By incorporating the concepts of abstinence value, membership value, and non-membership values in the CPFS framework, the characteristics and capabilities of the CPFS are extended to represent a broader range of information. Specifically, we introduce novel operators such as the CPF Frank weighed average (CPFFWA) and CPF Frank weighed geometric (CPFFWG) operators, effectively handling insufficient and unpredictable information during the aggregation process. Moreover, we explore specialized variants of these operators, such as the CPF Frank order weighed average (CPFFOWA) and CPF Frank order weighed geometric (CPFFOWG) operators, which possess distinct characteristics suitable for specific decision-making scenarios. The proposed methodologies are applied within the framework of multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) to evaluate and identify optimal renewable energy options from a group of alternatives. Through comparative analyses and validation against existing approaches, the advantages and consistency of our developed operators are demonstrated. The findings highlight the effectiveness of the CPF-based Frank aggregation operators in evaluating renewable energy resources, providing decision-makers with a comprehensive and reliable framework for renewable energy planning and decision-making.

【摘要翻译】可再生能源资源在应对全球能源挑战和实现可持续发展目标中起着关键作用。在这种背景下，复杂图像模糊集（CPFS）理论提供了一个处理复杂和不确定信息的强大框架。本文提出了基于Frank聚合工具的创新策略，用于评估和优先考虑可再生能源资源。通过在CPFS框架中融入弃权值、成员值和非成员值的概念，扩展了CPFS的特征和能力，以表示更广泛的信息范围。具体来说，我们引入了新的算子，如复杂图像模糊Frank加权平均（CPFFWA）和复杂图像模糊Frank加权几何（CPFFWG）算子，有效地在聚合过程中处理不充分和不可预测的信息。此外，我们还探索了这些算子的特殊变体，如复杂图像模糊Frank序加权平均（CPFFOWA）和复杂图像模糊Frank序加权几何（CPFFOWG）算子，它们具有适合特定决策场景的独特特征。所提出的方法论在多属性群体决策（MAGDM）框架内应用，以评估和识别一组备选方案中的最佳可再生能源选项。通过与传统方法的比较分析和验证，展示了我们开发的算子的优势和一致性。研究发现强调了基于CPF的Frank聚合算子在评估可再生能源资源方面的有效性，为决策者提供了全面可靠的框架，用于可再生能源规划和决策。

论文50

Washable oil-coated structured support for passive outdoor particulate matters trapping
可清洗的油涂层结构支撑，用于被动捕获户外颗粒物

【摘要】Direct outdoor air depollution represents an interesting path for preventing indirect disease. In the present work, a simple and efficient PMs trapping media based on the use of an oil-coated structured polymer media was developed for passive trapping of various PMs, ranging from coarse (PM10), to fine (PM2.5) and ultra-fine (PM1) dimension in outdoor environment. The device can be easily regenerated by a simple washing with a mixture of water and detergent followed by a new oil coating cycle. The total PM loading mass of the passive trap and the recovered PMs are analyzed through different techniques and confirm the great efficiency of such filter to trap various PMs when exposed to a high traffic road. The spent filter can be regenerated through a simple washing step and can be repeatedly re-used with similar PM loading mass. The high and long-lasting total PM loading mass were also supported by numerical simulations based on computational fluid dynamics, also used to propose an optimization implementation of such system for future deployment at scale.

【摘要翻译】直接户外空气去污染代表了一种预防间接疾病的有趣途径。在当前的研究工作中，开发了一种基于使用油涂层结构化聚合物介质的简单高效PMs（颗粒物）捕获介质，用于在户外环境中被动捕获各种尺寸的PMs，从粗颗粒（PM10）到细颗粒（PM2.5）和超细颗粒（PM1）。该装置可以通过使用水和洗涤剂的混合物进行简单的清洗，然后进行新的油涂循环来轻松再生。通过不同的技术分析被动陷阱的总PM负载质量和回收的PMs，证实了这种过滤器在暴露于高交通道路时捕获各种PMs的高效性。使用过的过滤器可以通过简单的洗涤步骤进行再生，并且可以重复使用，保持相似的总PM负载质量。基于计算流体动力学的数值模拟也支持了高且持久的总PM负载质量，并用于提出这种系统未来大规模部署的优化实施方案。

论文51

Thermally driven MnCl2single bondNH4Cl resorption cycle for seasonal thermal management of urban buildings
热驱动的MnCl2-NH4Cl再吸附循环用于城市建筑季节性热管理

【摘要】The frequency of extreme weather conditions caused by global greenhouse gas emissions has led to a significant increase in energy consumption for refrigeration and heating supply in urban buildings. However, conventional sensible and latent heat storage technologies hold low thermal energy storage density and short-term energy storage capabilities. Additionally, electrically driven compression refrigeration with non-negligible global warming potential (GWP) is unsuited to high ambient temperatures in summer. We propose an advanced strategy, adopting the MnCl2NH4Cl resorption cycle to achieve efficient desorption refrigeration of NH4Cl and resorption heating supply of MnCl2 under seasonal conditions. Experimental results have demonstrated that our proof-of-concept system can output 70 °C heat with a thermal energy storage density of 166.2 kJ·kg−1, providing continuous heating for 30.5 min under the winter ambient temperature of 10 °C. Moreover, COPref remained at 0.589 for continuous indoor refrigeration lasting 58.5 min under summer ambient and refrigeration temperatures of around 30 °C and 2 °C, respectively. This exceptional adaptability to ambient temperatures enables efficient adjustment of urban building comfort. Our work presents a promising zero-carbon pathway for replacing conventional fossil fuels employed in the thermal management of urban buildings with solar energy.

【摘要翻译】由于全球温室气体排放导致的极端天气条件频发，城市建筑中制冷和供暖供应的能源消耗显著增加。然而，传统的显热和潜热储存技术具有较低的热能储存密度和短期能源储存能力。此外，电驱动的压缩制冷系统在全球变暖潜力（GWP）方面的影响不可忽视，且在夏季高温环境下不适用。我们提出了一种先进的策略，采用MnCl2-NH4Cl再吸附循环，以在季节性条件下实现NH4Cl的高效脱附制冷和MnCl2的再吸附供暖供应。实验结果表明，我们的概念验证系统能在10°C的冬季环境温度下输出70°C的热能，热能储存密度为166.2 kJ·kg−1，提供连续30.5分钟的供暖。此外，在夏季环境温度约为30°C和制冷温度约为2°C的条件下，COPref保持在0.589，为室内制冷提供连续58.5分钟。这种对环境温度的出色适应性使得能够高效调节城市建筑的舒适度。我们的工作为用太阳能替代城市建筑热管理中使用的传统化石燃料提供了一条有前景的零碳路径。

论文52

A cross-scale indicator framework for the study of annual stability of land surface temperature in different land uses
用于研究不同土地利用类型下地表温度年稳定性的跨尺度指标框架

【摘要】Urban Land Surface Temperature (LST) is crucial in surface urban heat island (SUHI) and microclimate studies. Currently, research has focused on seasonal LST differences across land uses, but annual LST fluctuations (ΔLST) within the same land use and their drivers remain underexplored. To explore the impact of land characteristics and urban elements on seasonal LST differences, we propose annual LST stability. We constructed a new indicator framework based on Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), supplemented by Land Morphology (LM) and Land Properties (LP), for cross-scale ΔLST research. We identified land use ratios and key characteristics of urban plots with high stability. The results show an interactive effect of the green land ratio to other land on ΔLST. For residential and office land, the green space ratio (GSR) is key to annual LST stability. Residential land needs a GSR of more than 24 %. The floor area ratio (FAR) for residential and office land has a significant nonlinear effect on annual LST stability, with FARs of 1.8 for residential land and 1.5 for office land being most detrimental to the LST stability. For practical implications, we conducted cluster analyses on residential, office, and green lands, providing strategies to improve stability. These conclusions help balance land economic benefits with urban climate resilience and guide urban planning and design to address the challenges of heat and cold waves.

【摘要翻译】城市地表温度（LST）在研究城市热岛（SUHI）和微气候方面至关重要。目前，研究主要集中在不同土地利用类型之间的季节性LST差异，但同一土地利用类型内年度LST波动（ΔLST）及其驱动因素尚未得到充分探讨。为了探索土地特性和城市元素对季节性LST差异的影响，我们提出了年度LST稳定性这一概念。我们构建了一个基于土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）的新指标框架，并补充了土地形态（LM）和土地属性（LP），用于跨尺度ΔLST研究。我们识别了具有高稳定性的城市地块的土地利用比例和关键特性。结果显示，绿地比例与其他土地对ΔLST有交互作用。对于住宅和办公用地，绿地空间比例（GSR）是年度LST稳定性的关键。住宅用地需要超过24%的GSR。住宅和办公用地的建筑密度（FAR）对年度LST稳定性有显著的非线性影响，住宅用地FAR为1.8，办公用地FAR为1.5时，对LST稳定性的影响最为不利。为了实际应用，我们对住宅、办公和绿地进行了聚类分析，提供了提高稳定性的策略。这些结论有助于平衡土地经济收益与城市气候韧性，指导城市规划与设计，以应对热浪和寒潮的挑战。