需求

使用python的turtle库绘制圣诞树

绘制结果

代码实现

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as patches
import numpy as np

def draw_christmas_tree(ax):
    # 定义树的基本参数
    base_width = 6  # 底部宽度
    height = 12  # 总高度
    levels = 3  # 层次数量

    # 计算每一层的顶点坐标
    vertices = []
    for i in range(levels):
        width = base_width * (levels - i) / levels
        top_y = height * (i + 1) / levels
        bottom_y = height * i / levels
        left_x = 3 - width / 2
        right_x = 3 + width / 2
        vertices.append([(left_x, bottom_y), (right_x, bottom_y), (3, top_y)])

    # 绘制每一层
    for v in vertices:
        polygon = patches.Polygon(v, closed=True, fill=True, color='green', zorder=1)  # 设置zorder
        ax.add_patch(polygon)

    # 绘制树干
    trunk = patches.Rectangle((2.5, -1), 1, 2, linewidth=1, edgecolor='brown', facecolor='brown', zorder=1)  # 设置zorder
    ax.add_patch(trunk)

    # 添加装饰品
    num_decorations = 30  # 装饰品数量
    decoration_colors = ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'white']  # 装饰品颜色
    decorations = []  # 存储装饰品的位置
    for _ in range(num_decorations):
        # 随机生成装饰品的位置，确保它们位于树上
        x = np.random.uniform(1, 5)
        y = np.random.uniform(0, height)
        while not is_on_tree(x, y, vertices):
            x = np.random.uniform(1, 5)
            y = np.random.uniform(0, height)
        decorations.append((x, y))

    # 在所有树的部分绘制完成后，添加装饰品
    for x, y in decorations:
        ax.scatter(x, y, s=50, c=np.random.choice(decoration_colors), zorder=2)  # 设置更高的zorder

    # 设置坐标轴的范围
    ax.set_xlim(0, 6)
    ax.set_ylim(-2, 12)
    ax.axis('off')

def is_on_tree(x, y, vertices):
    """检查装饰品是否位于树上"""
    for v in vertices:
        if (v[0][0] <= x <= v[1][0]) and (v[0][1] <= y <= v[2][1]):
            return True
    return False

# 创建一个新的图形
fig, ax = plt.subplots()

# 调用函数绘制圣诞树
draw_christmas_tree(ax)

# 显示图形
plt.show()