文章说明

采用Java结合vue3设计实现的在线代码编辑功能，支持在线编辑代码、运行代码，同时支持导入文件，支持图片识别，支持复制代码，可将代码导出为图片

暂时还未添加图片代码识别导入的功能，然后目前Linux版本下安装C#的编译器我还没找到好的方案，这个C#代码运行在Linux环境下暂时有点问题

目前对于代码安全方面还未添加校验，只作为简单的学习使用，存在着不小的风险，后续会考虑新开坑，书写更完善的在线编辑器

目前的这个结果展示的编码方面还有一些问题，主要是控制台输入、命令行以及文件本身的编码会有不一致的情况，有些难整，后续考虑采用新方案给这个问题解决一下

前台核心代码

前台主要采用 md-editor-v3 编辑器作为代码编辑区域，虽然没有提示功能，但是展示效果上会好一些，然后运行的时候调用后台接口，采用Java调用cmd命令行来实现代码的运行

其中代码下载为图片采用的是对dom对象进行下载，采用html2canvas来实现，会有一些小bug，不过效果感觉还可以

前台核心代码

<script setup>
import {MdEditor, MdPreview} from 'md-editor-v3';
import 'md-editor-v3/lib/style.css';
import 'md-editor-v3/lib/preview.css';
import {computed, onBeforeMount, reactive, ref, watch} from "vue";
import html2canvas from "html2canvas";
import {
  confirm,
  downloadFileToLocalByUrl,
  exportCommon,
  getRequest,
  loading,
  message,
  postRequest,
  prompt
} from "@/util";

const data = reactive({
  language: "",
  codeText: "",
  inputText: "",
  displayText: "",
  exportDialogVisible: false,
  exportImgUrl: "",
  uploadExist: true,
});

const languageList = [
  "Java",
  "Python",
  "Javascript",
  "C",
  "C++",
  "C#",
];

const codeText = computed(() => {
  return "```" + data.language + "\n" + data.codeText + "\n```"
});

function exportCodeToImg() {
  const displayContent = document.getElementsByClassName("display-content")[0];
  data.exportDialogVisible = true;
  html2canvas(displayContent, {}).then((canvas) => {
    data.exportImgUrl = canvas.toDataURL('image/png');
  });
}

function exportCode() {
  prompt("导出代码文件", "导出代码文件名称", data.language + "_" + new Date().toLocaleString() + ".txt", (value) => {
    exportCommon(data.codeText, value);
  });
}

function exportCodeToImgConfirm() {
  prompt("导出代码图片", "导出代码图片名称", data.language + "_" + new Date().toLocaleString() + ".png", (value) => {
    downloadFileToLocalByUrl(data.exportImgUrl, value);
    data.exportDialogVisible = false;
  });
}

function reset() {
  confirm("确认清空吗，包括代码区域、控制台文件输入以及结果展示区域？", () => {
    data.codeText = "";
    data.inputText = "";
    data.displayText = "";
  });
}

function run() {
  if (!data.language) {
    message("请先选择编程语言", "warning");
    return;
  }
  const loadingInstance = loading("运行中...");
  postRequest("/codeRunner/run", null, {
    language: data.language,
    codeText: data.codeText,
    inputText: data.inputText,
  }).then((res) => {
    loadingInstance.close();
    if (res.data.code === 200) {
      data.displayText = res.data.data;
      message("代码运行成功", "success");
    } else if (res.data.code === 500) {
      message("代码运行失败", "error");
    }
  })
}

const languageText = {};

onBeforeMount(async () => {
  for (let i = 0; i < languageList.length; i++) {
    languageText[languageList[i]] = await getLanguageDefaultText(languageList[i]);
  }
});

async function getLanguageDefaultText(language) {
  const res = await getRequest("/codeRunner/getDefaultText", {
    language
  });
  if (res.data.code === 200) {
    return res.data.data;
  } else if (res.data.code === 500) {
    message(language + "语言默认代码获取失败", "error");
  }
}

watch(() => data.language, (newValue, oldValue) => {
  if (data.codeText) {
    languageText[oldValue] = data.codeText;
  }
  data.codeText = languageText[data.language];
});

const uploadFileRef = ref();

function uploadFile(event) {
  const loadingInstance = loading("导入中...");
  const file = event.target.files[0];
  const reader = new FileReader();
  reader.readAsText(file, 'utf8');
  data.uploadExist = false;
  reader.onload = () => {
    loadingInstance.close();
    const codeText = reader.result.toString();
    data.uploadExist = true;
    if (!codeText) {
      message("导出文件内容为空", "warning");
      return;
    }
    data.codeText = codeText;
  }
}

function singleImport() {
  if (!data.language) {
    message("请先选择编程语言", "warning");
    return;
  }
  if (!data.uploadExist) {
    return;
  }
  uploadFileRef.value.click();
}
</script>

<template>
  <div class="container">
    <div class="tool-bar">
      <div class="row">
        <el-select v-model="data.language" placeholder="请选择编程语言" style="width: 80%">
          <template v-for="item in languageList" :key="item">
            <el-option :label="item" :value="item"/>
          </template>
        </el-select>
      </div>
      <div class="row" style="margin-top: -0.5rem">
        <el-button type="primary" @click="run">运行</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" @click="reset">清空</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" @click="singleImport">导入代码</el-button>
        <input v-if="data.uploadExist" ref="uploadFileRef" accept=".txt,.java,.py,.js,.c,.cpp,.cs" style="display: none"
               type="file" @change="uploadFile($event)">
      </div>
      <div class="row" style="margin-top: -0.5rem">
        <el-button type="primary" @click="exportCode">导出代码</el-button>
        <el-button type="danger" @click="exportCodeToImg">下载为图片</el-button>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="content-container">
      <div class="editor-content">
        <MdEditor v-model="data.codeText" :preview="false" :toolbars="[]" placeholder="代码输入区域"
                  style="height: 100%; width: 100%" theme="dark"/>
      </div>
      <div class="display-content">
        <MdPreview v-model="codeText" :show-code-row-number="false" style="height: 100%; width: 100%"/>
      </div>
      <div class="input-content">
        <MdEditor v-model="data.inputText" :preview="false" :toolbars="[]" placeholder="控制台文件输入区域"
                  style="height: 100%; width: 100%" theme="dark"/>
      </div>
      <div class="result-content">
        <MdEditor v-model="data.displayText" :preview="false" :toolbars="[]" placeholder="结果展示区域" read-only
                  style="height: 100%; width: 100%" theme="dark"/>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <el-dialog v-model="data.exportDialogVisible" title="代码下载为图片" width="90%">
    <img :src="data.exportImgUrl" alt="" style="width: 100%; height: auto"/>
    <template #footer>
      <el-button type="primary" @click="data.exportDialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
      <el-button type="danger" @click="exportCodeToImgConfirm">确认</el-button>
    </template>
  </el-dialog>
</template>

<style lang="scss">
* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.container {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;

  .tool-bar {
    height: 9rem;
    background-color: #282c34;
    border-bottom: 0.1rem solid gray;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    user-select: none;

    .row {
      width: 100%;
      flex: 1;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
    }
  }

  .content-container {
    flex: 1;
    overflow: auto;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;

    &::-webkit-scrollbar {
      width: 0;
      height: 0;
    }

    .md-editor-footer {
      display: none;
    }

    .cm-scroller {
      background-color: #282c34;
    }

    .editor-content {
      height: fit-content;
      border-bottom: 0.1rem solid gray;
    }

    .display-content {
      height: fit-content;
      border-bottom: 0.1rem solid gray;

      .md-editor-preview-wrapper {
        padding: 0;
      }

      .md-editor-code {
        margin: 0;
      }

      .md-editor-code-head {
        border-radius: 0 !important;
      }

      code {
        border-radius: 0 !important;
        white-space: pre-wrap;
      }
    }

    .input-content {
      flex: 1;
      background-color: #282c34;
      border-bottom: 0.1rem solid gray;
    }

    .result-content {
      flex: 1;
      background-color: #282c34;
    }
  }
}
</style>

后台核心代码

后台采用命令行运行代码，在Java、C、C++、C#，代码运行时会需要多步骤进行，目前采用的都是将代码写入到指定文件，然后采用指定命令运行绝对路径的文件，限制较大，后续考虑运行项目的形式，可以更加方便的解决文件编码问题以及代码运行问题

Java调用cmd运行代码工具类

package com.boot.util;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;

import static com.boot.util.DefaultConfig.*;
import static com.boot.util.LanguageType.*;

/**
 * @author bbyh
 * @date 2023/2/27 0027 15:10
 */
@Slf4j
public class ExecUtil {
    public static String exec(String language, String codeText, String inputText) throws Exception {
        File codeTextInputFile = new File(LANGUAGE_INPUT_FILE_MAP.get(language));
        if (codeTextInputFile.exists()) {
            try (FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(codeTextInputFile)) {
                outputStream.write(codeText.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            }
        }
        File inputTextInputFile = new File(INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE);
        if (inputTextInputFile.exists()) {
            try (FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(inputTextInputFile)) {
                outputStream.write(inputText.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            }
        }

        if (judgeLinux()) {
            int exeCode = execLinux(language);
            logCodeTextRunLog(language, codeText, inputText, exeCode);
        } else if (judgeWindows()) {
            int exeCode = execWindows(language);
            logCodeTextRunLog(language, codeText, inputText, exeCode);
        }
        String[] outputFileNames = {ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE, OUTPUT_FILE};
        for (String outputFileName : outputFileNames) {
            File outputFile = new File(outputFileName);
            if (outputFile.exists()) {
                try (FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(outputFile)) {
                    byte[] buf = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                    int read = inputStream.read(buf);
                    if (read >= 0) {
                        String result = new String(buf, 0, read);
                        String encoding = getEncoding(result);
                        if (!"".equals(encoding)) {
                            return new String(buf, 0, read, encoding);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

    private static void logCodeTextRunLog(String language, String codeText, String inputText, int exeCode) {
        log.info("运行时间：{}", new Date());
        log.info("编程语言：{}", language);
        log.info("运行代码：{}", codeText);
        log.info("运行输入：{}", inputText);
        log.info("运行结果：{}", exeCode);
    }

    private static int execLinux(String language) throws Exception {
        switch (language) {
            case JAVA:
                if (execLinuxCommand("javac " + JAVA_INPUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    int start = JAVA_INPUT_FILE.lastIndexOf("/") + 1;
                    int end = JAVA_INPUT_FILE.lastIndexOf(".");
                    String javaClassFileName = JAVA_INPUT_FILE.substring(start, end);
                    return execLinuxCommand("java -classpath " + LINUX_PREFIX + " " + javaClassFileName + " < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
            case PYTHON:
                return execLinuxCommand("python " + PYTHON_INPUT_FILE + " < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
            case JAVASCRIPT:
                return execLinuxCommand("node " + JAVASCRIPT_INPUT_FILE + " < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
            case C:
                if (execLinuxCommand("gcc " + C_INPUT_FILE + " -o " + LINUX_PREFIX + "a.exe > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    return execLinuxCommand(LINUX_PREFIX + "a.exe < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
            case C_PLUS_PLUS:
                if (execLinuxCommand("g++ " + C_PLUS_PLUS_INPUT_FILE + " -o " + LINUX_PREFIX + "a.exe > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    return execLinuxCommand(LINUX_PREFIX + "a.exe < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + "> " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
            case C_SHARP:
                if (execLinuxCommand("csc /out:" + LINUX_PREFIX.replaceAll("/", "\\\\") + "a.exe "
                        + C_SHARP_INPUT_FILE.replaceAll("/", "\\\\") + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    return execLinuxCommand(LINUX_PREFIX + "a.exe < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    private static int execLinuxCommand(String command) throws Exception {
        ArrayList<String> commandList = new ArrayList<>();
        commandList.add("/bin/sh");
        commandList.add("-c");
        commandList.add(command);
        Process exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(commandList.toArray(new String[0]));
        return exec.waitFor();
    }

    private static int execWindows(String language) throws Exception {
        switch (language) {
            case JAVA:
                if (execWindowsCommand("javac " + JAVA_INPUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    int start = JAVA_INPUT_FILE.lastIndexOf("/") + 1;
                    int end = JAVA_INPUT_FILE.lastIndexOf(".");
                    String javaClassFileName = JAVA_INPUT_FILE.substring(start, end);
                    return execWindowsCommand("java -classpath " + WINDOWS_PREFIX + " " + javaClassFileName + " < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                break;
            case PYTHON:
                return execWindowsCommand("python " + PYTHON_INPUT_FILE + " < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
            case JAVASCRIPT:
                return execWindowsCommand("node " + JAVASCRIPT_INPUT_FILE + " < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
            case C:
                if (execWindowsCommand("gcc " + C_INPUT_FILE + " -o " + WINDOWS_PREFIX + "a.exe > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    return execWindowsCommand(WINDOWS_PREFIX + "a.exe < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
            case C_PLUS_PLUS:
                if (execWindowsCommand("g++ " + C_PLUS_PLUS_INPUT_FILE + " -o " + WINDOWS_PREFIX + "a.exe > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    return execWindowsCommand(WINDOWS_PREFIX + "a.exe < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
            case C_SHARP:
                if (execWindowsCommand("csc /out:" + WINDOWS_PREFIX.replaceAll("/", "\\\\") + "a.exe "
                        + C_SHARP_INPUT_FILE.replaceAll("/", "\\\\") + " > " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE) == 0) {
                    return execWindowsCommand(WINDOWS_PREFIX + "a.exe < " + INPUT_TEXT_PUT_FILE + "> " + OUTPUT_FILE + " 2> " + ERROR_OUTPUT_FILE);
                }
                return 0;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    private static int execWindowsCommand(String command) throws Exception {
        Process exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c " + command);
        return exec.waitFor();
    }

    public static Boolean judgeWindows() {
        return System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("windows");
    }

    public static Boolean judgeLinux() {
        return System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("linux");
    }

    public static String getEncoding(String str) throws Exception {
        String[] encodes = {"UTF-8", "GBK"};
        for (String encode : encodes) {
            if (str.equals(new String(str.getBytes(encode), encode))) {
                return encode;
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

}

效果展示

运行Java代码

运行Python代码

运行JavaScript代码

运行C语言代码

运行C++代码

运行C#代码

将代码下载为图片

源码下载

在线代码编辑器