Spring Cloud Alibaba-（1）搭建项目环境

1.Spring Cloud Alibaba（官网：https://sca.aliyun.com/）

Spring Cloud Alibaba 是阿里巴巴结合自身丰富的微服务实践而推出的微服务开发的一站式解决方案，是 Spring Cloud 第二代实现的主要组成部分。吸收了 Spring Cloud Netflix 微服务框架的核心架构思想，并进行了高性能改进。自 Spring Cloud Netflix 进入停更维护后，Spring Cloud Alibaba 逐渐代替它成为主流的微服务框架。

2.版本适配（SpringBoot 3 项目 JDK 版本至少是17）

3.创建父工程--管理微服务和依赖

3.1 创建

3.2 父工程 pom.xml 管理微服务和依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    
    <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloud</name>
    <description>springcloud</description>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <modules>
        <module>order-service</module>
        <module>gateway</module>
        <module>common</module>
        <module>user-service</module>
        <module>product-service</module>
    </modules>

    <properties>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2023.0.1</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2023.0.1.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <rocketmq.version>2.3.1</rocketmq.version>
        <rocketmq-client.version>5.1.4</rocketmq-client.version>
        <mysql-connector.version>8.3.0</mysql-connector.version>
        <mybatis-plus.version>3.5.6</mybatis-plus.version>
        <mybatis-spring.version>3.0.3</mybatis-spring.version>
        <mybatis-plus-join.version>1.4.12</mybatis-plus-join.version>
        <fastjson2.version>2.0.48</fastjson2.version>
        <springdoc-openapi.version>2.5.0</springdoc-openapi.version>
        <sa-token.version>1.38.0</sa-token.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 父工程依赖版本管理 -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- spring-cloud -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!-- spring-cloud-alibaba -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <!-- rocketmq -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
                <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${rocketmq.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- rocketmq-client -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
                <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId>
                <version>${rocketmq-client.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- mysql 驱动 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql-connector.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- mybatis-plus-boot-starter 中 mybatis-spring 版本不够，排除之后引入新版本 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis-plus.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- mybatis-plus 多表查询 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.yulichang</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-plus-join-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis-plus-join.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- fastjson2 处理 json 数据 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
                <version>${fastjson2.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- 使用 springdoc 生成 swagger 文档  -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
                <artifactId>springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui</artifactId>
                <version>${springdoc-openapi.version}</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- Sa-Token -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>cn.dev33</groupId>
                <artifactId>sa-token-spring-boot3-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${sa-token.version}</version>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <!-- 父工程依赖 -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 热部署 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4.创建微服务

4.1 公共微服务

4.1.1 创建

4.1.2 目录结构

4.1.3 订单、产品、用户实体类

package com.dragon.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.*;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
@Schema(name = "Orders", description = "订单表")
public class Orders implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Schema(description = "主键")
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.ASSIGN_UUID)
    private String id;

    @Schema(description = "用户ID")
    private String userId;

    @Schema(description = "产品ID")
    private String productId;

    @Schema(description = "数量")
    private Integer amount;

    @Schema(description = "单价")
    private Double price;

    @Schema(description = "订单总额")
    private Double total;

    @Schema(description = "备注")
    private String remark;

    @Schema(description = "创建人ID")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private String creatorId;

    @Schema(description = "创建时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private LocalDateTime createTime;

    @Schema(description = "更新时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private LocalDateTime ts;

    @Schema(description = "逻辑删除字段 0.正常 1.删除")
    @TableLogic
    private Integer deleteFlag;
}

package com.dragon.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.*;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
@Schema(name = "Product", description = "产品表")
public class Product implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Schema(description = "主键")
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.ASSIGN_UUID)
    private String id;

    @Schema(description = "产品名")
    private String name;

    @Schema(description = "采购价")
    private Double price;

    @Schema(description = "售价")
    private Double sellPrice;

    @Schema(description = "库存")
    private Integer stock;

    @Schema(description = "备注")
    private String remark;

    @Schema(description = "创建人ID")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private String creatorId;

    @Schema(description = "创建时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private LocalDateTime createTime;

    @Schema(description = "更新时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private LocalDateTime ts;

    @Schema(description = "逻辑删除字段 0.正常 1.删除")
    @TableLogic
    private Integer deleteFlag;
}

package com.dragon.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.*;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Email;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
@Schema(name = "User", description = "用户表")
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;

    @Schema(description = "主键")
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.ASSIGN_UUID)
    private String id;

    @Schema(description = "用户名")
    private String username;

    @Schema(description = "密码")
    @JsonIgnore
    private String password;

    @Schema(description = "姓名")
    private String name;

    @Schema(description = "邮箱")
    @Email
    private String email;

    @Schema(description = "头像地址")
    private String avatarUrl;

    @Schema(description = "创建人ID")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private String creatorId;

    @Schema(description = "创建时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private LocalDateTime createTime;

    @Schema(description = "更新时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
//    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private LocalDateTime ts;

    @Schema(description = "逻辑删除字段 0.正常 1.删除")
    @TableLogic
    private Integer deleteFlag;
}

4.2 订单微服务

4.2.1 创建

4.2.2 目录结构

4.2.3 bootstrap.yml

server:
  port: 8000

spring:
  profiles:
    active: public
  application:
    name: order-service
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud2024
    username: ***
    password: ***

4.2.4 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <name>order-service</name>
    <artifactId>order-service</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 自定义 common -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- nacos-discovery 服务发现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- nacos-config 配置中心 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- openfeign 服务调用 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- sentinel 限流降级 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- seata 分布式事务 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- loadbalancer 负载均衡 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- sentinel 规则保存到 nacos 配置中心 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- rocketmq -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.3 产品微服务

4.3.1 创建

4.3.2 目录结构

4.3.3 bootstrap.yml

server:
  port: 8400

spring:
  application:
    name: product-service
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud2024
    username: ***
    password: ***

4.3.4 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>product-service</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>product-service</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 自定义 common -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- seata 分布式事务 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- loadbalancer 负载均衡 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.4 用户微服务

4.4.1 创建

4.4.2 目录结构

4.4.3 bootstrap.yml

server:
  port: 8300

spring:
  application:
    name: user-service
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud2024
    username: ***
    password: ***

4.4.4 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>user-service</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 自定义 common -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dragon</groupId>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- rocketmq -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>