Oracle rman 没有0级时1级备份和0级大小一样，可以用来做恢复 resetlogs后也可以

文档说了 full backup 不能用于后续的level 1，没说level 1没有level 0 是不是level 1就是level 0？

1级备份变0级的原因及 Enabling Change Tracking生效没有-CSDN博客这个文档说明1级备份时没有找到0级就是0级备份，可以用来完整恢复的。

GOAL

What are incremental backups? Why are archivelogs still required to recover a database from an 'online' incremental backup?

Discuss the relationship and/or dependency between incremental backup and archivelogs.

SOLUTION

Incremental backups can be either level 0 or level 1. A level 0 incremental backup, which is the base for subsequent incremental level 1 backups, copies all blocks containing data, backing the datafile up into a backup set just as a full backup would. The only difference between a level 0 incremental backup and a full backup is that a full backup cannot be used for level 1 backups.

A level 1 incremental backup can be either of the following types:

A differential backup, which backs up all blocks changed after the most recent incremental backup at level 1 or 0. This is the default.--差量
A cumulative backup, which backs up all blocks changed after the most recent incremental backup at level 0--增量

You can take incremental backups of databases, individual tablespaces or datafiles.

The two most important reasons for making incremental backups are:

For use in a strategy based on incrementally updated backups, where these incremental backups are used to periodically roll forward an image copy of the database. This is known as an incremental merge, or the "Oracle Recommended Backup" strategy.
To save time and space for daily backups - perhaps take a level 0 on the weekends, and level 1 on the weekdays.

All incremental backups are can be taken in either ONLINE or OFFLINE backup mode. All ONLINE backups, incremental or otherwise, need archivelogs for recovery.

For demonstration purposes, see the restore preview from an ONLINE backup below:

RMAN> restore datafile 7 preview;---- 这个比validate 好用。

Starting restore at 19 FEB 2013 14:25:43
using channel ORA_DISK_1

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
113     Incr 0 1.35G      DISK        00:01:04     19 FEB 2013 14:10:36   [1]
        BP Key: 113   Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: <tag_name>
        Piece Name: /<path>/<backuppiece_name>
List of Datafiles in backup set 113
File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time             Name
---- -- ---- ---------- -------------------- ----
7    0 Incr 10269611   19 FEB 2013 14:10:35 /<path>/<filename>

BS Key Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
120     Incr 1 3.98M      DISK        00:00:37     19 FEB 2013 14:17:31    [2]
        BP Key: 120   Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: <tag_name>
        Piece Name: /<path>/<backuppiece_name>
List of Datafiles in backup set 120
File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time             Name
---- -- ---- ---------- -------------------- ----
7    1 Incr 10270514   19 FEB 2013 14:17:29 /<path>/<filename>  [4]

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
124     50.00K     DISK        00:00:00     19 FEB 2013 14:18:35    [3]
        BP Key: 124   Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: <tag_name>

         Piece Name: /<path>/<backuppiece_name>

List of Archived Logs in backup set 124
Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time             Next SCN   Next Time
---- ------- ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------
1    80      10270506   19 FEB 2013 14:17:26 10270522   19 FEB 2013 14:17:36
1    81      10270522   19 FEB 2013 14:17:36 10270525   19 FEB 2013 14:17:39
1    82      10270525   19 FEB 2013 14:17:39 10270528   19 FEB 2013 14:17:47
1    83      10270528   19 FEB 2013 14:17:47 10270564   19 FEB 2013 14:18:21
1    84      10270564   19 FEB 2013 14:18:21 10270567   19 FEB 2013 14:18:22
1    85      10270567   19 FEB 2013 14:18:22 10270575   19 FEB 2013 14:18:27
1    86      10270575   19 FEB 2013 14:18:27 10270578   19 FEB 2013 14:18:28
1    87      10270578   19 FEB 2013 14:18:28 10270581   19 FEB 2013 14:18:29
1    88      10270581   19 FEB 2013 14:18:29 10270594   19 FEB 2013 14:18:34

List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name <db_unique_name>
=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - --------------------
429     1    89      A 19 FEB 2013 14:18:34
        Name: /<path>/<archivelog_filename>

430     1    90      A 19 FEB 2013 14:23:57
        Name: /<path>/<archivelog_filename>

Media recovery start SCN is 10270514   [4]
Recovery must be done beyond SCN 10270514 to clear datafile fuzziness
Finished restore at 19 FEB 2013 14:25:43

From the above we can see:

[1] -- this is the level 0 backup

[2] -- this is the level 1 backup

[3] -- if the last backup is a level 1, we only need archivelogs generated during the period of the level 1 backup. The archivelogs generated during the level 0 is not required for recovery.

0-1级之间的archivelog不再需要了！！

[4] -- this SCN is when the incremental 1 was taken, confirming once again that we need archivelogs starting from the latest incremental level 1 backup

A level 0 restore preview is also attached to this note.

This applies to 10g as well as to 11g.

Note: Incremental level 1 backups are never used for block media recovery (BMR). RMAN will restore the block from the level 0 backup, and then apply all archivelogs from the level 0 onwards. 如果没有archivelog，不能block级别恢复，只能0级恢复datafile 再1级恢复datafile ，在用archivelog了

For further details, please review the Oracle Documentation:

# Oracle 10g
Backing Up Databases Using RMAN
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Basics
10g Release 2 (10.2)
Part Number B14192-03
.
4 Backing Up Databases Using RMAN
..
RMAN Incremental Backups

# Oracle 11g
RMAN Backup Concepts
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2)
Part Number E10642-05
.
8 RMAN Backup Concepts
.
Incremental Backups

[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
24708 /nfs

[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ sh -x /home/oracle/rman_backup/rman_backup_fradb3_pdb.sh cdb daily
+ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
+ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
+ export 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
+ NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
++ basename cdb
+ ORACLE_DB=cdb
++ basename daily
+ BACKUP_OPTION=daily
+ case `hostname` in
++ hostname
+ ORACLE_SID=cdb3
+ export ORACLE_SID
++ dirname /home/oracle/rman_backup/rman_backup_fradb3_pdb.sh
++ basename cdb
++ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
+ RMAN_LOG_FILE=/home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907041509.out
+ RMAN=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman
++ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
+ BACKUP_TAG=cdb_20240907041509_level0
+ echo 'ORACLE DB name: cdb'
+ echo 'ORACLE instance : cdb3'
+ ORACLE_USER=oracle
+ TARGET_CONNECT_STR=/
+ '[' cdb = cdb ']'
+ CATALOG_CONNECT_STR=nocatalog
+ export SFNT_HSMAPI_BASE=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000
+ SFNT_HSMAPI_BASE=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000
+ export NAE_Properties_Conf_Filename=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000/IngrianNAE.properties
+ NAE_Properties_Conf_Filename=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000/IngrianNAE.properties
+ export IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_Slot_ID_Max=100
+ IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_Slot_ID_Max=100
+ export IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_SessionID_Max=100
+ IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_SessionID_Max=100
+ export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb
+ ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb
++ hostname
+ NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3
+ NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx
+ NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup
+ RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64
+ RMAN_PARMS='PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)"'
+ case $BACKUP_OPTION in
+ NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily
+ echo
+ echo 'RMAN: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman'
+ echo 'ORACLE_SID: cdb3'
+ echo 'ORACLE_USER: oracle'
+ echo 'ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1'
+ echo
+ echo 'NB_ORA_SERV: nxxxxx'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_CLIENT: rac3'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_POL/ICY: NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_SCHED: Daily'
+ echo
+ CMD_STR='
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cdb3
export ORACLE_SID
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907041509.out append << EOF
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;
show all;
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch04 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch05 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch06 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch07 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch08 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch09 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch10 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch11 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch12 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch13 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch14 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
send '\''NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx, NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3, NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup, NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily'\'';
backup incremental level 1
as compressed backupset
DATABASE root pluggable database pdb ,'\''PDB\$SEED'\'' plus archivelog ;
#database force filesperset=1;
delete noprompt archivelog all
#completed before '\''sysdate-1'\'' device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\''
backed up 1 times to device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\'';
delete noprompt obsolete;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch04;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch05;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch06;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch07;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch08;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch09;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch10;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch11;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch12;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch13;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch14;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}
EOF
'
+ '[' '' = root ']'
+ /usr/bin/sh -c '
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cdb3
export ORACLE_SID
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907041509.out append << EOF
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;
show all;
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch04 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch05 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch06 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch07 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch08 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch09 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch10 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch11 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch12 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch13 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch14 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
send '\''NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx, NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3, NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup, NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily'\'';
backup incremental level 1
as compressed backupset
DATABASE root pluggable database pdb ,'\''PDB\$SEED'\'' plus archivelog ;
#database force filesperset=1;
delete noprompt archivelog all
#completed before '\''sysdate-1'\'' device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\''
backed up 1 times to device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\'';
delete noprompt obsolete;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch04;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch05;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch06;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch07;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch08;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch09;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch10;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch11;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch12;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch13;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch14;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}
EOF
'
+ RSTAT=0
+ echo ==========================================================================
+ echo
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
1598164 /nfs 1级备份和0级备份一样大的
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Sep 7 04:16:39 2024
Version 19.20.0.0.0

connected to target database: CDB (DBID=2265125454)

RMAN> startup force mount;

Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 2382361320 bytes

Fixed Size 9167592 bytes
Variable Size 956301312 bytes
Database Buffers 1409286144 bytes
Redo Buffers 7606272 bytes

RMAN>

RMAN> run
2> {
3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
7> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch00
channel ch00: SID=33 instance=cdb3 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch00: WARNING: Oracle Test Disk API

Starting restore at 07-SEP-24

skipping datafile 5; already restored to file +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/system.293.1179026801
skipping datafile 6; already restored to file +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/sysaux.258.1179026801
skipping datafile 8; already restored to file +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/undotbs1.284.1179026801
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00015 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_4.261.1179026585
channel ch00: reading from backup piece re34d46k_878_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=re34d46k_878_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00020 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/test.347.1179026645
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rf34d46k_879_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rf34d46k_879_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00014 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_3.287.1179026585
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rd34d46k_877_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rd34d46k_877_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00016 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/users.274.1179026589
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ri34d46l_882_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ri34d46l_882_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/users.267.1179026649
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rh34d46l_881_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rh34d46l_881_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs1.269.1179026645
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r534d46j_869_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r534d46j_869_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00010 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs3.270.1179026649
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rg34d46k_880_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rg34d46k_880_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00009 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs2.265.1179026651
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ra34d46j_874_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ra34d46j_874_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00012 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/sysaux.275.1179026597
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r834d46j_872_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r834d46j_872_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00013 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undotbs1.360.1179026589
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rc34d46k_876_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rc34d46k_876_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/sysaux.268.1179026653
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r434d46j_868_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r434d46j_868_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00011 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/system.282.1179026605
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r634d46j_870_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r634d46j_870_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/system.363.1179026669
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r334d46j_867_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r334d46j_867_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 07-SEP-24

Starting recover at 07-SEP-24

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 07-SEP-24

released channel: ch00

RMAN> alter database open;--可以恢复

本地搞个全部删掉数据文件看看

RMAN> backup device type disk incremental level 0
2> as compressed backupset
3> database force;

Starting backup at 07-SEP-24
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=33 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=819 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=60 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4
channel ORA_DISK_4: SID=61 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_5
channel ORA_DISK_5: SID=58 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_6
channel ORA_DISK_6: SID=820 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_7
channel ORA_DISK_7: SID=59 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_8
channel ORA_DISK_8: SID=818 instance=cdb3 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/system.363.1179026669
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/sysaux.268.1179026653
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs1.269.1179026645
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_4: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00011 name=+DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/system.282.1179026605
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_5: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_5: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/system.293.1179026801
channel ORA_DISK_5: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_6: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_6: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00012 name=+DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/sysaux.275.1179026597
channel ORA_DISK_6: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_7: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_7: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/sysaux.258.1179026801
channel ORA_DISK_7: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00009 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs2.265.1179026651
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.336.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00008 name=+DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/undotbs1.284.1179026801
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.318.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00013 name=+DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undotbs1.360.1179026589
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.390.1179029973 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00014 name=+DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_3.287.1179026585
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.278.1179029973 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00015 name=+DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_4.261.1179026585
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.256.1179029975 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00020 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/test.347.1179026645
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.380.1179029977 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00010 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs3.270.1179026649
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.315.1179029977 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/users.267.1179026649
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.399.1179029979 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_8: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00016 name=+DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/users.274.1179026589
channel ORA_DISK_8: starting piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
channel ORA_DISK_8: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.382.1179029983 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_8: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.272.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:14
channel ORA_DISK_7: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.419.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_7: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:19
channel ORA_DISK_6: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.409.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_6: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:27
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.319.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:37
channel ORA_DISK_4: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.417.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_4: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:47
channel ORA_DISK_5: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.288.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_5: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:47
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/BACKUPSET/2024_09_07/nnndn0_tag20240907t041930_0.376.1179029971 tag=TAG20240907T041930 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:57
Finished backup at 07-SEP-24

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-SEP-24
piece handle=+DATA1/CDB/AUTOBACKUP/2024_09_07/s_1179030027.273.1179030027 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-SEP-24

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ su - grid
Password:
Last login: Sat Sep 7 04:01:17 EDT 2024
[grid@rac3 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd data
ASMCMD> cd CDB
ASMCMD> ls
0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/
06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/
CHANGETRACKING/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
PARAMETERFILE/
TEMPFILE/

ASMCMD> rm -rf 0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55 06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073 DATAFILE

-----全部删掉

[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Sep 7 04:21:46 2024
Version 19.20.0.0.0

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup mount;

Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 2382361320 bytes

Fixed Size 9167592 bytes
Variable Size 956301312 bytes
Database Buffers 1409286144 bytes
Redo Buffers 7606272 bytes

RMAN> run
2> {
3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
7> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch00
channel ch00: SID=34 instance=cdb3 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch00: WARNING: Oracle Test Disk API

Starting restore at 07-SEP-24

channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00015 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_4.261.1179026585
channel ch00: reading from backup piece re34d46k_878_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=re34d46k_878_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00020 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/test.347.1179026645
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rf34d46k_879_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rf34d46k_879_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00014 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_3.287.1179026585
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rd34d46k_877_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rd34d46k_877_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00016 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/users.274.1179026589
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ri34d46l_882_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ri34d46l_882_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/users.267.1179026649
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rh34d46l_881_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rh34d46l_881_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs1.269.1179026645
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r534d46j_869_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r534d46j_869_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00010 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs3.270.1179026649
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rg34d46k_880_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rg34d46k_880_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00009 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs2.265.1179026651
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ra34d46j_874_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ra34d46j_874_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00008 to +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/undotbs1.284.1179026801
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rb34d46j_875_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rb34d46j_875_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/sysaux.258.1179026801
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r934d46j_873_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r934d46j_873_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00012 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/sysaux.275.1179026597
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r834d46j_872_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r834d46j_872_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00013 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undotbs1.360.1179026589
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rc34d46k_876_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rc34d46k_876_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/sysaux.268.1179026653
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r434d46j_868_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r434d46j_868_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00005 to +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/system.293.1179026801
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r734d46j_871_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r734d46j_871_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00011 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/system.282.1179026605
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r634d46j_870_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r634d46j_870_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/system.363.1179026669
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r334d46j_867_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r334d46j_867_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 07-SEP-24

Starting recover at 07-SEP-24

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 3 with sequence 77 is already on disk as file +DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_77.368.1179029937
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=76
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rj34d48d_883_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rj34d48d_883_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041613
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_76.258.1179030257 thread=3 sequence=76
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_76.258.1179030257 RECID=464 STAMP=1179030257
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 07-SEP-24

released channel: ch00

RMAN> alter database open;

Statement processed

RMAN>

------有一级备份时-----------------

[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
1598164 /nfs
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ sh -x /home/oracle/rman_backup/rman_backup_fradb3_pdb.sh cdb daily
+ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
+ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
+ export 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
+ NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
++ basename cdb
+ ORACLE_DB=cdb
++ basename daily
+ BACKUP_OPTION=daily
+ case `hostname` in
++ hostname
+ ORACLE_SID=cdb3
+ export ORACLE_SID
++ dirname /home/oracle/rman_backup/rman_backup_fradb3_pdb.sh
++ basename cdb
++ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
+ RMAN_LOG_FILE=/home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907042923.out
+ RMAN=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman
++ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
+ BACKUP_TAG=cdb_20240907042923_level0
+ echo 'ORACLE DB name: cdb'
+ echo 'ORACLE instance : cdb3'
+ ORACLE_USER=oracle
+ TARGET_CONNECT_STR=/
+ '[' cdb = cdb ']'
+ CATALOG_CONNECT_STR=nocatalog
+ export SFNT_HSMAPI_BASE=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000
+ SFNT_HSMAPI_BASE=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000
+ export NAE_Properties_Conf_Filename=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000/IngrianNAE.properties
+ NAE_Properties_Conf_Filename=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000/IngrianNAE.properties
+ export IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_Slot_ID_Max=100
+ IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_Slot_ID_Max=100
+ export IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_SessionID_Max=100
+ IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_SessionID_Max=100
+ export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb
+ ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb
++ hostname
+ NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3
+ NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx
+ NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup
+ RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64
+ RMAN_PARMS='PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)"'
+ case $BACKUP_OPTION in
+ NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily
+ echo
+ echo 'RMAN: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman'
+ echo 'ORACLE_SID: cdb3'
+ echo 'ORACLE_USER: oracle'
+ echo 'ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1'
+ echo
+ echo 'NB_ORA_SERV: nxxxxx'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_CLIENT: rac3'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_POL/ICY: NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_SCHED: Daily'
+ echo
+ CMD_STR='
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cdb3
export ORACLE_SID
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907042923.out append << EOF
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;
show all;
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch04 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch05 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch06 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch07 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch08 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch09 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch10 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch11 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch12 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch13 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch14 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
send '\''NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx, NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3, NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup, NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily'\'';
backup incremental level 1
as compressed backupset
DATABASE root pluggable database pdb ,'\''PDB\$SEED'\'' plus archivelog ;
#database force filesperset=1;
delete noprompt archivelog all
#completed before '\''sysdate-1'\'' device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\''
backed up 1 times to device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\'';
delete noprompt obsolete;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch04;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch05;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch06;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch07;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch08;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch09;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch10;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch11;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch12;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch13;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch14;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}
EOF
'
+ '[' '' = root ']'
+ /usr/bin/sh -c '
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cdb3
export ORACLE_SID
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907042923.out append << EOF
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;
show all;
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch04 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch05 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch06 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch07 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch08 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch09 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch10 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch11 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch12 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch13 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch14 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
send '\''NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx, NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3, NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup, NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily'\'';
backup incremental level 1
as compressed backupset
DATABASE root pluggable database pdb ,'\''PDB\$SEED'\'' plus archivelog ;
#database force filesperset=1;
delete noprompt archivelog all
#completed before '\''sysdate-1'\'' device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\''
backed up 1 times to device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\'';
delete noprompt obsolete;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch04;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch05;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch06;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch07;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch08;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch09;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch10;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch11;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch12;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch13;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch14;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}
EOF
'
+ RSTAT=0
+ echo ==========================================================================
+ echo
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
1690908 /nfs ---------------增加了几百M而已
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$

--------------------------------------------------------搞个resetlogs试试----------------------------------------

[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
1690908 /nfs
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ s

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Sep 7 04:30:52 2024
Version 19.20.0.0.0

Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.20.0.0.0

SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2382361320 bytes
Fixed Size 9167592 bytes
Variable Size 956301312 bytes
Database Buffers 1409286144 bytes
Redo Buffers 7606272 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 10939255 generated at 09/07/2024 04:29:30 needed for thread 3
ORA-00289: suggestion : +DATA1
ORA-15173: entry 'ARCHIVELOG' does not exist in directory 'CDB'
ORA-00280: change 10939255 for thread 3 is in sequence #81

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '+DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/system.258.1179030223'

ORA-01112: media recovery not started

SQL> recover database
Media recovery complete.
SQL> ;
SP2-0223: No lines in SQL buffer.
SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00264: no recovery required

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01139: RESETLOGS option only valid after an incomplete database recovery

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cance;
ORA-00277: illegal option to the UNTIL recovery flag CANCE

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-38872: Cannot perform backup control file recovery if Flashback Database is
enabled.

SQL> alter database flashback off;

Database altered.

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 11039438 generated at 09/07/2024 04:31:01 needed for thread 3
ORA-00289: suggestion : +DATA1
ORA-00280: change 11039438 for thread 3 is in sequence #81

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.20.0.0.0
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ sh -x /home/oracle/rman_backup/rman_backup_fradb3_pdb.sh cdb daily
+ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
+ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
+ export 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
+ NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
++ basename cdb
+ ORACLE_DB=cdb
++ basename daily
+ BACKUP_OPTION=daily
+ case `hostname` in
++ hostname
+ ORACLE_SID=cdb3
+ export ORACLE_SID
++ dirname /home/oracle/rman_backup/rman_backup_fradb3_pdb.sh
++ basename cdb
++ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
+ RMAN_LOG_FILE=/home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907043339.out
+ RMAN=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman
++ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S
+ BACKUP_TAG=cdb_20240907043339_level0
+ echo 'ORACLE DB name: cdb'
+ echo 'ORACLE instance : cdb3'
+ ORACLE_USER=oracle
+ TARGET_CONNECT_STR=/
+ '[' cdb = cdb ']'
+ CATALOG_CONNECT_STR=nocatalog
+ export SFNT_HSMAPI_BASE=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000
+ SFNT_HSMAPI_BASE=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000
+ export NAE_Properties_Conf_Filename=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000/IngrianNAE.properties
+ NAE_Properties_Conf_Filename=/opt/oracle/extapi/64/hsm/safenet/8.9.0.000/IngrianNAE.properties
+ export IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_Slot_ID_Max=100
+ IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_Slot_ID_Max=100
+ export IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_SessionID_Max=100
+ IngrianNAE_Properties_Conf_SessionID_Max=100
+ export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb
+ ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb
++ hostname
+ NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3
+ NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx
+ NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup
+ RMAN_SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64
+ RMAN_PARMS='PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)"'
+ case $BACKUP_OPTION in
+ NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily
+ echo
+ echo 'RMAN: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman'
+ echo 'ORACLE_SID: cdb3'
+ echo 'ORACLE_USER: oracle'
+ echo 'ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1'
+ echo
+ echo 'NB_ORA_SERV: nxxxxx'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_CLIENT: rac3'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_POL/ICY: NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup'
+ echo 'NB_ORA_SCHED: Daily'
+ echo
+ CMD_STR='
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cdb3
export ORACLE_SID
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907043339.out append << EOF
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;
show all;
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch04 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch05 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch06 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch07 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch08 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch09 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch10 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch11 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch12 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch13 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch14 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
send '\''NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx, NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3, NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup, NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily'\'';
backup incremental level 1
as compressed backupset
DATABASE root pluggable database pdb ,'\''PDB\$SEED'\'' plus archivelog ;
#database force filesperset=1;
delete noprompt archivelog all
#completed before '\''sysdate-1'\'' device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\''
backed up 1 times to device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\'';
delete noprompt obsolete;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch04;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch05;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch06;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch07;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch08;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch09;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch10;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch11;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch12;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch13;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch14;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}
EOF
'
+ '[' '' = root ']'
+ /usr/bin/sh -c '
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=cdb3
export ORACLE_SID
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/rman_backup/log/cdb_fra_20240907043339.out append << EOF
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;
show all;
RUN {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch03 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch04 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch05 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch06 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch07 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch08 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch09 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch10 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch11 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch12 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch13 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch14 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE '\''SBT_TAPE'\'' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
send '\''NB_ORA_SERV=nxxxxx, NB_ORA_CLIENT=rac3, NB_ORA_POLICY=NP2_ORAC_DB_Backup, NB_ORA_SCHED=Daily'\'';
backup incremental level 1
as compressed backupset
DATABASE root pluggable database pdb ,'\''PDB\$SEED'\'' plus archivelog ;
#database force filesperset=1;
delete noprompt archivelog all
#completed before '\''sysdate-1'\'' device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\''
backed up 1 times to device type '\''SBT_TAPE'\'';
delete noprompt obsolete;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch03;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch04;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch05;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch06;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch07;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch08;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch09;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch10;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch11;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch12;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch13;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch14;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}
EOF
'
+ RSTAT=0
+ echo ==========================================================================
+ echo
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
1784948 /nfs
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Sep 7 04:34:09 2024
Version 19.20.0.0.0

connected to target database: CDB (DBID=2265125454)

RMAN> startup force mount;

Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 2382361320 bytes

Fixed Size 9167592 bytes
Variable Size 956301312 bytes
Database Buffers 1409286144 bytes
Redo Buffers 7606272 bytes

RMAN>

RMAN> run
2> {
3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
7> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch00
channel ch00: SID=29 instance=cdb3 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch00: WARNING: Oracle Test Disk API

Starting restore at 07-SEP-24

skipping datafile 5; already restored to file +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/system.266.1179030181
skipping datafile 6; already restored to file +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/sysaux.360.1179030145
skipping datafile 8; already restored to file +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/undotbs1.275.1179030139
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00015 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_4.363.1179030127
channel ch00: reading from backup piece re34d46k_878_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=re34d46k_878_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00020 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/test.268.1179030127
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rf34d46k_879_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rf34d46k_879_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00014 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_3.265.1179030129
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rd34d46k_877_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rd34d46k_877_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00016 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/users.270.1179030129
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ri34d46l_882_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ri34d46l_882_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/users.267.1179030131
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rh34d46l_881_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rh34d46l_881_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs1.269.1179030131
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r534d46j_869_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r534d46j_869_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00010 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs3.347.1179030135
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rg34d46k_880_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rg34d46k_880_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00009 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs2.282.1179030135
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ra34d46j_874_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ra34d46j_874_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00012 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/sysaux.274.1179030153
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r834d46j_872_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r834d46j_872_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00013 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undotbs1.261.1179030159
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rc34d46k_876_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rc34d46k_876_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/sysaux.287.1179030167
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r434d46j_868_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r434d46j_868_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00011 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/system.284.1179030207
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r634d46j_870_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r634d46j_870_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/system.258.1179030223
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r334d46j_867_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r334d46j_867_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 07-SEP-24

Starting recover at 07-SEP-24

starting media recovery

channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=76
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rj34d48d_883_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rj34d48d_883_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041613
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_76.299.1179030981 thread=3 sequence=76
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_76.299.1179030981 RECID=476 STAMP=1179030980
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=77
channel ch00: reading from backup piece s834d516_904_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=s834d516_904_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T042926
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_77.299.1179030983 thread=3 sequence=77
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_77.299.1179030983 RECID=477 STAMP=1179030982
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=78
channel ch00: reading from backup piece s634d516_902_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=s634d516_902_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T042926
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_78.299.1179030985 thread=3 sequence=78
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_78.299.1179030985 RECID=478 STAMP=1179030983
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=79
channel ch00: reading from backup piece s734d516_903_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=s734d516_903_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T042926
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_79.299.1179030987 thread=3 sequence=79
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_79.299.1179030987 RECID=479 STAMP=1179030985
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=80
channel ch00: reading from backup piece su34d597_926_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=su34d597_926_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043343
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_80.299.1179030989 thread=3 sequence=80
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_80.299.1179030989 RECID=480 STAMP=1179030986
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=81
channel ch00: reading from backup piece sv34d597_927_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=sv34d597_927_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043343
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_81.299.1179030991 thread=3 sequence=81
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=1
channel ch00: reading from backup piece st34d597_925_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=st34d597_925_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043343
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_1.300.1179030989 thread=3 sequence=1
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_81.299.1179030991 RECID=481 STAMP=1179030987
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_1.300.1179030989 RECID=482 STAMP=1179030989
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=2
channel ch00: reading from backup piece tj34d59b_947_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=tj34d59b_947_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043347
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_2.300.1179030991 RECID=483 STAMP=1179030990
Finished recover at 07-SEP-24

released channel: ch00

RMAN> alter database open;

Statement processed

RMAN> shutdown abort

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN>

--------------------resetlogs 后吧文件删了试试----------

RMAN> shutdown abort

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ su - grid
Password:
Last login: Sat Sep 7 04:31:11 EDT 2024
[grid@rac3 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd data/cdb
ASMCMD> ls
0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/
06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/
CHANGETRACKING/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
PARAMETERFILE/
TEMPFILE/
ASMCMD> rm -rf 0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55 06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073 DATAFILE
ASMCMD> exit
[grid@rac3 ~]$ exit
logout
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Sep 7 04:38:30 2024
Version 19.20.0.0.0

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup mount;

Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 2382361320 bytes

Fixed Size 9167592 bytes
Variable Size 956301312 bytes
Database Buffers 1409286144 bytes
Redo Buffers 7606272 bytes

RMAN> run
2> {
3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;
7> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch00
channel ch00: SID=795 instance=cdb3 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch00: WARNING: Oracle Test Disk API

Starting restore at 07-SEP-24

channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00015 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_4.363.1179030127
channel ch00: reading from backup piece re34d46k_878_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=re34d46k_878_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00020 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/test.268.1179030127
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rf34d46k_879_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rf34d46k_879_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00014 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undo_3.265.1179030129
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rd34d46k_877_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rd34d46k_877_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00016 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/users.270.1179030129
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ri34d46l_882_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ri34d46l_882_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/users.267.1179030131
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rh34d46l_881_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rh34d46l_881_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs1.269.1179030131
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r534d46j_869_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r534d46j_869_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00010 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs3.347.1179030135
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rg34d46k_880_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rg34d46k_880_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00009 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/undotbs2.282.1179030135
channel ch00: reading from backup piece ra34d46j_874_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=ra34d46j_874_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00008 to +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/undotbs1.275.1179030139
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rb34d46j_875_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rb34d46j_875_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/sysaux.360.1179030145
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r934d46j_873_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r934d46j_873_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00012 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/sysaux.274.1179030153
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r834d46j_872_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r834d46j_872_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00013 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/undotbs1.261.1179030159
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rc34d46k_876_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rc34d46k_876_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/sysaux.287.1179030167
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r434d46j_868_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r434d46j_868_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00005 to +DATA/CDB/0633F844101D69CBE0636401A8C09D55/DATAFILE/system.266.1179030181
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r734d46j_871_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r734d46j_871_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00011 to +DATA/CDB/06344F62B8C65A17E0636401A8C0F073/DATAFILE/system.284.1179030207
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r634d46j_870_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r634d46j_870_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ch00: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ch00: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ch00: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/CDB/DATAFILE/system.258.1179030223
channel ch00: reading from backup piece r334d46j_867_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=r334d46j_867_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041514
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 07-SEP-24

Starting recover at 07-SEP-24

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 3 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file +DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_3.300.1179031001
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=76
channel ch00: reading from backup piece rj34d48d_883_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=rj34d48d_883_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T041613
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_76.299.1179031263 thread=3 sequence=76
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_76.299.1179031263 RECID=485 STAMP=1179031263
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=77
channel ch00: reading from backup piece s834d516_904_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=s834d516_904_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T042926
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_77.299.1179031265 thread=3 sequence=77
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_77.299.1179031265 RECID=486 STAMP=1179031265
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=78
channel ch00: reading from backup piece s634d516_902_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=s634d516_902_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T042926
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_78.299.1179031267 thread=3 sequence=78
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_78.299.1179031267 RECID=487 STAMP=1179031266
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=79
channel ch00: reading from backup piece s734d516_903_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=s734d516_903_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T042926
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_79.299.1179031269 thread=3 sequence=79
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_79.299.1179031269 RECID=488 STAMP=1179031268
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=80
channel ch00: reading from backup piece su34d597_926_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=su34d597_926_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043343
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_80.299.1179031271 thread=3 sequence=80
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_80.299.1179031271 RECID=489 STAMP=1179031269
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=81
channel ch00: reading from backup piece sv34d597_927_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=sv34d597_927_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043343
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_81.299.1179031273 thread=3 sequence=81
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=1
channel ch00: reading from backup piece st34d597_925_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=st34d597_925_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043343
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_1.383.1179031271 thread=3 sequence=1
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_81.299.1179031273 RECID=490 STAMP=1179031270
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_1.383.1179031271 RECID=491 STAMP=1179031272
channel ch00: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ch00: restoring archived log
archived log thread=3 sequence=2
channel ch00: reading from backup piece tj34d59b_947_1_1
channel ch00: piece handle=tj34d59b_947_1_1 tag=TAG20240907T043347
channel ch00: restored backup piece 1
channel ch00: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_2.383.1179031273 thread=3 sequence=2
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+DATA1/CDB/ARCHIVELOG/2024_09_07/thread_3_seq_2.383.1179031273 RECID=492 STAMP=1179031273
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 07-SEP-24

released channel: ch00

RMAN> alter database open;

Statement processed

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$ du -sk /nfs
1784948 /nfs
[oracle@rac3 rman_backup]$

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 4
Next log sequence to archive 5
Current log sequence 5
SQL>

视图：v$block_change_tracking
查看块跟踪的状态，跟踪文件的大小及位置

查看当前块跟踪的状态
SQL> select status from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS
----------
DISABLED --->关闭状态

也可通过后台进程CTWR（修改跟踪进程）判断，CTWR进程负责维护新的修改跟踪文件
ps -elf | grep ctwr | grep -v grep

开启块跟踪
SQL> alter database enable block change tracking;
Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS    FILENAME                           BYTES
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
ENABLED   /u01/app/oracle/ORCL/changetra  11599872
          cking/o1_mf_8zqj5157_.chg
跟踪文件是自动在db_create_file_dest设置的目录下生成的，大小约11M

通过后台进程CTWR判断
ps -elf | grep ctwr | grep -v grep
0 S oracle 10379 1 0 75 0 - 186111 ? 22:30 ? 00:00:00 ora_ctwr_orcl

关闭块跟踪
SQL> alter database disable block change tracking;
Database altered.
关闭块跟踪会删除跟踪文件

SQL> select status from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS
----------
DISABLED

如果db_create_file_dest目录没有设置，也可以在开启块跟踪时直接指定路径
SQL> alter database enable block change tracking using file '/u01/app/oracle/track.log';

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS FILENAME BYTES
---------- -------------------------- ---------
ENABLED /u01/app/oracle/track.log 11599872

更改跟踪文件的位置：

--可以使用alter database rename 语句来修改跟踪文件的位置，该命令会更新控制文件里的信息，命令必须在mount 状态下执行，如果数据库不能shutdown，那么可以先disable块跟踪，然后再指定新的位置，但是这样会丢失以前跟踪文件里的数据。

关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate

移动文件
mv /u01/app/oracle/track.log /u01/app/track.log

启动到mount
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup mount

修改文件位置
SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/track.log' to '/u01/app/track.chg';

OPEN数据库
SQL> alter database open;

查看
SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS FILENAME BYTES
---------- -------------------------- ---------
ENABLED /u01/app/track.chg 11599872

注释：
在使用RMAN 增量备份的情况下，启动块跟踪，在做增量备份时会缩短RMAN 备份的时间，因为不用扫描整个数据库。但是块跟踪也会带来其他的一些开销。所以要根据实际情况决定是否启用块跟踪。