PyQt5 使用系统托盘

news2024/11/15 18:36:13

Qt5 中 QSystemTrayIcon 类提供了系统托盘的功能

具体功能

初始化

初始化 QSystemTrayIcon 对象, 需要传递一个父控件作为初始参数

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QSystemTrayIcon, QWidget

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = QWidget()
tray = QSystemTrayIcon(window)
# 系统托盘图标
tray.setIcon(QIcon('../image/Qt5.ico'))
# 鼠标悬停提示
tray.setToolTip('PyQt5')
tray.show()

QSystemTrayIcon 对象可以设置托盘图标以及鼠标悬停提示, 另外需要手动调用 tray.show(), 其不会随父控件 window.show() 而自动展示

其中图标可以使用 Qt5 自带的图标

tray.setIcon(QApplication.style().standardIcon(0))

右键菜单

右键点击托盘图标时, 弹出右键菜单

# 创建托盘图标菜单
menu = QMenu(window)
# 添加菜单项
action_show = QAction('显示', window)
action_show.triggered.connect(window.show)
action_quit = QAction('退出', window)
action_quit.triggered.connect(app.quit)
menu.addAction(action_show)
menu.addAction(action_quit)

系统消息

QSystemTrayIcon.showMessage(title, msg, icon) 其中 icon 有以下几种类型:

QSystemTrayIcon.NoIcon
QSystemTrayIcon.Information
QSystemTrayIcon.Warning
QSystemTrayIcon.Critical

这些常量都属于类变量

QSystemTrayIcon 对象可以向系统的通知栏发送消息

tray.showMessage('提示', '右键单击', tray.Information)

在这里插入图片描述

鼠标互动

除了上面的右键菜单, QSystemTrayIcon 类还可通过 QSystemTrayIcon.activated 信号监测对托盘图标的单击, 双击, 按下鼠标中键, 具体类型有:

QSystemTrayIcon.Context
QSystemTrayIcon.DoubleClick
QSystemTrayIcon.Trigger
QSystemTrayIcon.MiddleClick

msg = {
	QSystemTrayIcon.Trigger: '左键单击',
	QSystemTrayIcon.Context: '右键单击',
	QSystemTrayIcon.DoubleClick: '双击',
	QSystemTrayIcon.MiddleClick: '鼠标中键'
}

def showMsg(reason):
	tray.showMessage('提示', msg[reason], tray.Information)


tray.activated.connect(self.showMsg)

完整示例

"""
使用系统托盘
"""

import sys

from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (
    QAction,
    QApplication,
    QMenu,
    QSystemTrayIcon,
    QWidget,
    qApp
)


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.resize(320, 240)
        self.setWindowTitle('PyQt5 System Tray')
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('../image/PyQt5.png'))

        self.msg = {
            QSystemTrayIcon.Trigger: '左键单击',
            QSystemTrayIcon.Context: '右键单击',
            QSystemTrayIcon.DoubleClick: '双击',
            QSystemTrayIcon.MiddleClick: '鼠标中键'
        }
        self.initSystemTray()

    def initSystemTray(self):
        # 创建系统托盘图标对象
        self.tray = QSystemTrayIcon(self)
        self.tray.setIcon(QIcon('../image/Qt5.ico'))
        # 鼠标悬停展示
        self.tray.setToolTip('系统托盘')

        # 创建托盘图标菜单
        menu = QMenu()
        # 添加菜单项
        action_show = QAction('显示', self)
        action_show.triggered.connect(self.showWindow)
        action_quit = QAction('退出', self)
        action_quit.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)
        menu.addAction(action_show)
        menu.addAction(action_quit)

        # 将菜单设置到托盘图标
        self.tray.setContextMenu(menu)
        self.tray.activated.connect(self.showMsg)
        self.tray.show()

    def showWindow(self):
        self.setWindowState(
            self.windowState() & ~Qt.WindowMinimized | Qt.WindowActive
        )

    def showMsg(self, reason):
        self.tray.showMessage('提示', self.msg[reason], self.tray.Information)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = Window()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())