最近在做安卓下UVC的一个案子。正好之前搞过ST方案的开机广告,这个也是我少数最后没搞成功的项目。当时也有点客观原因,当时ST要退出机顶盒市场,所以一切的支持都停了,当时啃他家播放器几十万行的代码,而且几乎没有文档,真的是非常痛苦。后面虽然功能是搞出来了,但是不稳定,持续几次后就会crash。
还记得当时最后到底层ST是用的滑动窗口缓存,双指针,一个写指针和一个读指针,当时我做了一个管道往缓存中注数据。估计还是没有完全吃透,某些细节处理有问题。正好现在又做到类似项目,所以简单总结总结相关要点。主要就是共享内存,滑动窗口,双缓冲,环形缓冲这些内容。
下面是一个简单的具有读写指针的循环缓冲区。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
template<typename T>
class MediaQueue {
public:
explicit MediaQueue(size_t size)
: buffer(size), readPtr(0), writePtr(0), count(0), maxSize(size) {}
// 添加一个元素到队列中
void enqueue(const T& item) {
if (isFull()) {
throw std::overflow_error("Queue is full");
}
buffer[writePtr] = item;
writePtr = (writePtr + 1) % maxSize;
++count;
}
// 从队列中读取一个元素
T dequeue() {
if (isEmpty()) {
throw std::underflow_error("Queue is empty");
}
T item = buffer[readPtr];
readPtr = (readPtr + 1) % maxSize;
--count;
return item;
}
// 检查队列是否为空
bool isEmpty() const {
return count == 0;
}
// 检查队列是否已满
bool isFull() const {
return count == maxSize;
}
// 获取队列中的元素数量
size_t size() const {
return count;
}
// 获取队列的最大容量
size_t capacity() const {
return maxSize;
}
private:
std::vector<T> buffer;
size_t readPtr;
size_t writePtr;
size_t count;
size_t maxSize;
};
还有一种叫做乒乓buffer
就是两个buffer,一个读一个写,写完之后交换。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <cstring> // For memcpy
#include <chrono> // For sleep
class PingPongBuffer {
public:
PingPongBuffer(size_t bufferSize)
: bufferSize(bufferSize), readBufferIndex(0), writeBufferIndex(1), buffers(2, std::vector<char>(bufferSize)) {}
// 写入数据到当前写缓冲区
void write(const char* data, size_t size) {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
while (writeBufferFull) {
condVar.wait(lock);
}
if (size > bufferSize) {
throw std::overflow_error("Data size exceeds buffer capacity");
}
std::memcpy(buffers[writeBufferIndex].data(), data, size);
writeBufferFull = true;
readBufferEmpty = false;
swapBuffers();
condVar.notify_all();
}
// 从当前读缓冲区读取数据
void read(char* data, size_t size) {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
while (readBufferEmpty) {
condVar.wait(lock);
}
if (size > bufferSize) {
throw std::underflow_error("Data size exceeds buffer capacity");
}
std::memcpy(data, buffers[readBufferIndex].data(), size);
readBufferEmpty = true;
writeBufferFull = false;
condVar.notify_all();
}
private:
void swapBuffers() {
std::swap(readBufferIndex, writeBufferIndex);
}
size_t bufferSize;
int readBufferIndex;
int writeBufferIndex;
std::vector<std::vector<char>> buffers;
bool readBufferEmpty = true;
bool writeBufferFull = false;
std::mutex mutex;
std::condition_variable condVar;
};
void producer(PingPongBuffer& buffer) {
const char* messages[] = {"Message 1", "Message 2", "Message 3"};
for (const char* message : messages) {
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1)); // Simulate work
buffer.write(message, std::strlen(message) + 1);
std::cout << "Produced: " << message << std::endl;
}
}
void consumer(PingPongBuffer& buffer) {
char data[1024];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
buffer.read(data, 1024);
std::cout << "Consumed: " << data << std::endl;
}
}
int main() {
size_t bufferSize = 1024;
PingPongBuffer buffer(bufferSize);
std::thread producerThread(producer, std::ref(buffer));
std::thread consumerThread(consumer, std::ref(buffer));
producerThread.join();
consumerThread.join();
return 0;
}
空了有时间看看V4L2和ffmpeg这方面的内容再更新一下吧。。。