1.添加环境变量
D:\mingw64\bin

2.安装vscode

3.下载opencv 4.8.0

4.程序引用第三方库(opencv为例)

打开CMakeLists.txt，引入头文件，使用include_directories 加入头文件所在目录。静态链接库link_directories

# 头文件
include_directories(D:/opencv4.8.0/opencv/build/include)
# 静态链接库
link_directories(D:/opencv4.8.0/opencv/build/x64/vc16/lib)

在main 函数所在文件 添加 #pragma comment(lib,“xxx.lib”),如果当前程序是Debug
加 opencv_world480d.lib;否则加opencv_world480.lib

#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_world480d.lib")

5.测试代码

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "opencv_world480d.lib")
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    Mat src = imread("D:/Work/opencv_test/images/1.jpeg");
    if (src.empty()) {
        cout << "could not load image..." << endl;
        return -1;
    }
    imshow("input", src);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.28.0)
project(cpp_test)

set(CMAKE_GENERATOR "MinGW Makefiles")
# 头文件
include_directories(D:/opencv4.8.0/opencv/build/include)
# 静态链接库
link_directories(D:/opencv4.8.0/opencv/build/x64/vc16/lib)
add_executable(app test01.cpp)
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)

tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "options": {
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/build"
    },
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "cmake",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                ".."
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "make",
            "group": "build",
            "command": "make",
            "args": [],
            "problemMatcher": []
        },
        {
            "label": "Build",
            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
            "dependsOn": [
                "cmake",
                "make"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            //"label": "C/C++: g++ 生成活动文件",
            "label": "Build",
            // "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
            "command": "D://mingw64//bin//g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "-o",
                "${workspaceFolder}/bin/Debug/app.exe",
                "-fexec-charset=GBK"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "D://mingw64//bin//g++.exe"
        }
    ]
}

launch.json

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) 启动",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/Debug/app.exe",
            "args": [
                "-I", "D:\\opencv4.8.0\\opencv\\build\\include",//改成你自己的
                "-I", "D:\\opencv4.8.0\\opencv\\build\\include\\opencv2",//改成你自己的
            ],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                },
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "Build",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D://mingw64//bin//gdb.exe", // 修改为你的 gdb 路径
        },
    ]
}

参考文章：

VScode编写C++概述（VScode 使用opencv与Eigen为例）_vscode c++使用opencv msvc-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/euphorias/article/details/120783669

windows环境下cmake创建MinGW类型makefile报错_cmake error: error: generator : mingw makefiles-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48876595/article/details/129414407