Windows中在C#中使用Dapper和Mysql.Data库连接MySQL数据库
在Windows中使用C#连接Mysql数据库比较简单，可以直接使用MySql.Data库，目前最新版本为：8.3.0。
当然也可以结合MySql.Data和Dapper库一起使用，目前Dapper的最新版本为：2.1.35。
Dapper是一款轻量级ORM工具，是一个简单的.NET对象映射器，在速度上几乎与使用原始ADO.NET数据读取器的速度一样快。ORM是一个对象关系映射器，它负责数据库和编程语言之间的映射。Dapper通过扩展IDbConnection提供一些有用的扩展方法去查询数据库，提供了一种简单、高效的方式来执行数据库查询、插入、更新和删除操作。
一、使用Mysql.Data和Dapper来操作Mysql数据库
准备条件：
(1)、OS：Windows 10或Windows11
(2)、Visual Stuidio 2022
(3)、MySQL安装包，比如mysql-installer-web-community-8.0.36.0.msi
本文使用的Visual Studio版本是VS2022，MySQL版本为：8.0.36，对应的下载地址为：mysql-installer-web-community-8.0.36.0.msi，并采用C# .Net WinForm窗体程序作为演示示例，我们展示如何使用Mysql.Data和Dapper连接MySql数据库，并查询MySql数据库中对应的people表，然后在窗体程序中输入字段LastName来查询对应的数据，鼠标按下search按钮，在ListBox中展示从MySQL数据库中的查询结果；另外我们在下方的三个输入框中分别输入用户的FirstName、LastName、EmailAddress字段，然后鼠标点击insert按钮，往数据库表中插入一条记录。最终的程序界面如下图所示：
(1)、根据LastName查询记录
我们首先在输入框中输入LastName如蒋（英文中LastName代表中文中的姓，FirstName代表中文中的名），然后鼠标点击【Seach】按钮，查询的结果展示在下方中的ListBox中，如下图所示：
(2)、往数据库people表中插入一条记录
我们首先在下面的FirstName、LastName、EmailAddress三个文本框中输入对应的数据，然后鼠标点击insert按钮，即可插入一条记录。
注意：由于Id是主键自增的，所以不用管。
执行插入记录后，原来输入的FistName、LastName、EmailAddress记录会被清空，如下图所示：
接下来我们输入在最上方根据刚刚输入的LastName：蒋，看FirstName为青青，LastName为蒋，EmailAddress为jiangqingqing@china.com的那条记录是否入库，如下图所示：
二、C#窗体程序源代码下载
完整的C#窗体程序代码我已经上传到github上面了：
git clone https://github.com/ccf19881030/WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp.git
或者直接下载https://github.com/ccf19881030/WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp/archive/refs/heads/main.zip源代码即可，
三、创建C# MySQL数据库窗体示例程序
1、创建一个基于C# .Net的WinForm窗体程序
基于VS2022，创建一个WinForm .Net窗体程序，如下图所示：
最终的程序代码结构如下图所示：
2、通过NuGet包管理器安装Mysql.Data和Dapper库
创建项目名称为WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp的C#窗体程序之后，通过项目中的引用-》管理 NuGet 程序包(N)-》浏览，分别输入MySql.Data和Dapper，然后点击安装：
3、设计界面UI
WinForm界面如下图所示：
WinForm界面和MFC一样很简单，只由Label、TextBox、Button、ListBox这四种控件组成。
4、安装MySQL数据库，并Navicat Premium 16或者MySQL命令行创建数据库ytdemo和people表
安装mysql-installer-web-community-8.0.36.0.msi数据库安装包之后，我们root账号的初始密码设置为123456，然后使用Navicat Premium 16连接并登录本地MySQL数据库，然后先创建ytdemo数据库，然后在该数据库中创建people表，其字段结果如下图所示：
people表结构的脚本如下：
people.sql
/*
Navicat Premium Data Transfer
Source Server : localhost_mysql_root
Source Server Type : MySQL
Source Server Version : 80036
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Schema : ytdemo
Target Server Type : MySQL
Target Server Version : 80036
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 09/03/2024 14:34:56
*/
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for people
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `people`;
CREATE TABLE `people` (
`Id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`FirstName` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`LastName` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`EmailAddress` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 33 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
然后往数据库表中插入一些测试数据，如下图所示：
people的测试数据如下：
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of people
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (1, 'Timothy', 'Corey', 'TimCorey@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (2, 'Jane', 'Simth', 'JSmith@apple.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (3, 'Sue', 'Storm', 'SueStorm@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (4, 'Bob', 'McClure', 'BobMClu@microsoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (5, 'Mary', 'Jones', 'maryJones@google.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (6, 'Ray', 'Stone', 'rayStone@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (7, '操', '曹', 'caocao@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (8, '权', '孙', 'sunquan@huawei.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (9, '备', '刘', 'liubei@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (10, '飞', '张', 'zhangfen@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (11, '羽', '关', 'guanyu@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (12, '亮', '诸葛', 'zhugeliang@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (13, '郎', '王', 'wanglang@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (14, '肃', '鲁', 'lusu@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (15, '云', '赵', 'zhaoyun@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (16, '超', '马', 'machao@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (17, '纯', '马', 'machun@alibaba.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (18, '万翼', '马', 'mawanyi@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (19, '禅', '刘', 'liushan@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (20, '懿', '司马', 'simayi@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (21, '昭', '司马', 'simazhao@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (22, '炎', '司马', 'simayan@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (23, '相如', '司马', 'simaxiangru@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (24, '德宗', '司马', 'simadezong@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (25, '峰', '欧阳', 'ouyangfeng@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (26, '克', '欧阳', 'ouyangke@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (27, '超风', '梅', 'machaofeng@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (28, '志', '徐', 'xuzhi@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (29, '万宗', '毛', 'maowanzong@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (30, '人凤', '毛', 'maorenfeng@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (31, '爱天', '毛', 'maaitian@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (32, '于铭', '毛', 'mayumin@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (33, '科', '孙', 'sunke@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (34, '中山', '孙', 'sunzhongshan@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (35, '世凯', '袁', 'yuanshikai@qing.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (36, '袁', '立', 'yuanli@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (37, '国西', '李', 'liguoxi@ybu.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (38, '二', '李', 'lier@dangdang.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (39, '丽丽', '叶', 'yeili@hongkong.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (40, '婷', '叶', 'yeting@qq.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (41, '耳父', '陈', 'chenerfu@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (42, '国富', '陈', 'chenguofu@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (43, '立夫', '陈', 'chenlifu@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (44, '诚', '陈', 'chenchen@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (45, '崇禧', '白', 'baichongxi@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (46, '果夫', '陈', 'chengefu@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (47, '美龄', '宋', 'songmeiling@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (48, '庆龄', '宋', 'songqinglin@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (49, '蔼龄', '宋', 'songailing@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (50, '祥熙', '孔', 'kongxiangxi@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (51, '仕杰', '宋', 'songshijie@huawei.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (52, '天赐', '张', 'zhangtianci@huawei.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (53, '峰', '乔', 'qiaofeng@xiaomi.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (54, '誉', '段', 'duanyu@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (55, '竹', '虚', 'xuzhu@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (56, '容复', '慕', 'morongfu@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (57, '植', '曹', 'caozhi@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (58, '丕', '曹', 'caopi@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (59, '冲', '曹', 'caochong@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (60, '爽', '曹', 'caoshuang@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (61, '真', '曹', 'caozhen@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (62, '睿', '曹', 'caorui@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (63, '伟庭', '曹', 'caoweiting@neusoft.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (64, '值', '王', 'wangzhi@sony.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (65, '双双', '陈', 'chenshuangshuang@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (66, '介石', '蒋', 'jiangzhongzhen@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (67, '经国', '蒋', 'jiangjingguo@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (68, '纬国', '蒋', 'jiangweiguo@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (69, '万安', '蒋', 'jiangwanan@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (70, '方良', '蒋', 'jiangfangliang@taiwan.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (71, '英', '蒋', 'jiangying@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (72, '学森', '钱', 'qianxuesen@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (73, '雪', '林', 'linxue@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (74, '国栋', '林', 'linguodong@gmai.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (75, '万里', '蒋', 'jiangwanli@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (76, '勃', '周', 'zhoubo@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (77, '彬彬', '周', 'zhoubinbin@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (78, '德旺', '朱', 'zhudewang@china.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (79, '正田', '朱', 'zhuzhengtian@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (80, '元璋', '朱', 'zhuyuanzhang@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (81, '允炆', '朱', 'zhuyunwen@ming,com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (82, '标', '朱', 'zhubiao@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (83, '棣', '朱', 'zhuli@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (84, '高炽', '朱', 'zhugaochi@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (85, '高煦', '朱', 'zhugaoxu@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (86, '瞻基', '朱', 'zhuzhanji@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (87, '厚照', '朱', 'zhuhouzhao@ming.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (88, '秀', '刘', 'liuxiu@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (89, '璋', '刘', 'liuzhang@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (90, '莉莉', '刘', 'liulili@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (91, '志', '刘', 'liuzhi@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (92, '屈氂', '刘', 'liuqumao@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (93, '梦', '刘', 'liumeng@han.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (94, '凤凤', '张', 'zhangfengfeng@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (95, '美丽', '刘', 'liumeili@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (96, '靖', '郭', 'guojing@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (97, '蓉', '黄', 'huangrong@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (98, '芙', '郭', 'guofu@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (99, '襄', '郭', 'guoxiang@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (100, '美美', '郭', 'guomeimei@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (101, '克', '欧阳', 'ouyangke@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (102, '康', '杨', 'yangkang@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (103, '佳伟', '沈', 'shenjiawei@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (104, '逍遥', '李', 'lixiaoyao@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (105, '正淳', '段', 'duanzhengchun@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (106, '星竹', '李', 'lixingzhu@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (107, '紫', '阿', 'azi@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (108, '朱', '阿', 'azhu@163.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (109, '延庆', '段', 'duanyanqing@gmail.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (110, '微微', '曹', 'caoweiwei@126.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (111, '乐天', '何', 'heletian@ybu.com');
INSERT INTO `people` VALUES (112, '晓婷', '何', 'hexiaoting@gmail.com');
5、创建Person实体对象
在C#窗体程序中创建一个Person实体类，对应数据库表中的people结构，具体代码如下图所示：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp
{
public class Person
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
public string EmailAddress { get; set; }
public string FullInfo
{
get
{
return $" {FirstName} {LastName} ({EmailAddress})";
}
}
}
}
6、MySQL连接字符串
我们的MySQL链接字符串为：Server=127.0.0.1;Port=3306;database=ytdemo;user id=root;password=123456;
如果在云环境中我们需要将Server对应的本地数据库IP地址127.0.0.1修改为对应的云服务器IP地址，user id对应用户名，password对应我们的用户密码。
为了方便，我们一般不要把MySQL数据库连接字符串硬编码在代码中写死，一般可以放在App.Config配置文件中，例如：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.8" />
</startup>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="SampleDB" connectionString="Server=127.0.0.1;Port=3306;database=ytdemo;user id=root;password=123456;" />
</connectionStrings>
</configuration>
7、创建MySQL数据库字符串访问类以及查询people表数据的接口
对应的MySQL连接字符串访问类Helper如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp
{
public static class Helper
{
public static string ConnectVal(string name)
{
return ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[name].ConnectionString;
}
}
}
另外，我们创建一个MySQLDataAccess类用于连接和访问MySQL数据库，具体的实现代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dapper;
using MySql.Data.MySqlClient;
namespace WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp
{
public class MySQLDataAccess
{
//public static string connStr = "Server=127.0.0.1;Port=3306;database=ytdemo;user id=root;password=123456;";
/// <summary>
/// 根据lastName获取所有的人员信息列表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lastName">姓</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<Person> GetPersonList(string lastName)
{
using (IDbConnection connection = new MySqlConnection(Helper.ConnectVal("SampleDB")))
{
//string searchSql = "select * from people where LastName=@LastName";
//return connection.Query<Person>(searchSql, new { LastName = lastName }).ToList();
var personList = connection.Query<Person>($"select * from people where LastName = '{lastName}'").ToList();
return personList;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 往数据库表people中插入一条记录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="firstName"></param>
/// <param name="lastName"></param>
/// <param name="emailAdress"></param>
public void InsertPerson(string firstName, string lastName, string emailAddress)
{
using (IDbConnection connection = new MySqlConnection(Helper.ConnectVal("SampleDB")))
{
//string insertSql = $"INSERT INTO `people`(FirstName, LastName, emailAddress) VALUES ('{firstName}', '{lastName}', '{emailAdress}');";
//connection.Execute(insertSql);
Person newPerson = new Person { FirstName = firstName, LastName = lastName, EmailAddress = emailAddress };
string insertSql = "INSERT INTO `people`(FirstName, LastName, emailAddress) VALUES (@FirstName, @LastName, @EmailAddress);";
connection.Execute(insertSql, newPerson);
}
}
}
}
8、在查询按钮实现函数中实现具体的查询逻辑
具体的界面和查询逻辑实现代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp
{
public partial class DashBoardForm : Form
{
List<Person> people = new List<Person>(); // 查询结果列表
public DashBoardForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
// 更新绑定内容
UpdateBinding();
}
/// <summary>
/// 刷新ListBox中的数据，将peopleFoundListBox和peopl列表数据进行绑定，并显示FullInfo字段内容
/// </summary>
public void UpdateBinding()
{
peopleFoundListBox.DataSource = people;
peopleFoundListBox.DisplayMember = "FullInfo";
}
/// <summary>
/// search按钮单击响应处理函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void searchButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// 创建MySQLDataAccess类对象
MySQLDataAccess dataAccess = new MySQLDataAccess();
// 根据UI窗体用户输入的LastName字段，调用dataAccess对象的GetPersonList接口从people表查询数据
people = dataAccess.GetPersonList(lastNameTextBox.Text);
// 更新绑定内容，将people查询结果展示在peopleFoundListBox中
UpdateBinding();
}
/// <summary>
/// insert按钮响应处理函数
/// 功能：接收用户输入，往people数据表中插入记录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void insertDataButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MySQLDataAccess dataAccess = new MySQLDataAccess();
// 插入一条数据记录到people表中
dataAccess.InsertPerson(firstNameInsTextBox.Text, lastNameInsTextBox.Text, emailAddressInsTextBox.Text);
// 插入数据之后将界面中的记录数据清空
firstNameInsTextBox.Text = "";
lastNameInsTextBox.Text = "";
emailAddressInsTextBox.Text = "";
}
}
}
9、运行程序
代码完成之后，我们运行程序，结果下图所示：
四、参考资料
- https://www.nuget.org/packages/MySql.Data/
- https://www.nuget.org/packages/Dapper
- https://github.com/mysql-net/MySqlConnector
- https://github.com/DapperLib/Dapper
- https://github.com/ccf19881030/WindowsFormsMySqlDbApp
