今天跑huggingface的示例的时候，遇到了最让我头疼的问题，国内网上还没有对应的解释，我可能是第一人（汗）先看看报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "F:\transformer\transformers\examples\pytorch\image-classification\run_image_classification.py", line 451, in <module>
    main()
  File "F:\transformer\transformers\examples\pytorch\image-classification\run_image_classification.py", line 425, in main
    train_result = trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
  File "F:\anaconda\envs\gpu\lib\site-packages\transformers-4.38.0.dev0-py3.9.egg\transformers\trainer.py", line 1597, in train
    return inner_training_loop(
  File "F:\anaconda\envs\gpu\lib\site-packages\transformers-4.38.0.dev0-py3.9.egg\transformers\trainer.py", line 1635, in _inner_training_loop
    train_dataloader = self.get_train_dataloader()
  File "F:\anaconda\envs\gpu\lib\site-packages\transformers-4.38.0.dev0-py3.9.egg\transformers\trainer.py", line 845, in get_train_dataloader
    return self.accelerator.prepare(DataLoader(train_dataset, **dataloader_params))
  File "F:\anaconda\envs\gpu\lib\site-packages\torch\utils\data\dataloader.py", line 241, in __init__
    raise ValueError('prefetch_factor option could only be specified in multiprocessing.'
ValueError: prefetch_factor option could only be specified in multiprocessing.let num_workers > 0 to enable multiprocessing.

可以看到报错信息是：prefetch_factor这个属性只有在num_workers大于0的时候才能被定义。但是我去看了看源码，很明显train源码中定义没有问题啊！
然后我在github上的pytorch的issue中发现了有人提出了疑问问题在此：

 if num_workers == 0 and prefetch_factor != 2: 
     raise ValueError('prefetch_factor option could only be specified in multiprocessing.' 
                      'let num_workers > 0 to enable multiprocessing.') 

上面这段是pytorch的源码，num_workers表示要用于数据加载的子进程数，prefetch_factor表示提前加载的batch数，也就是每个 worker 提前加载 的 sample 数量。虽然我现在不是很懂为什么要这么写，但是我可以确定的是当num_workers=0的时候prefetch_factor应该是没有意义的（关于里面的细节我没有深入，希望明白原理的人看到之后能在评论区补充，谢谢），所以源码这么写就一定会报错了，然后我根据github上某人的代码，修改如下：

if num_workers > 0:
    if prefetch_factor is None:
        prefetch_factor = 2   # default value
else:
    if prefetch_factor is not None:
        raise ValueError('prefetch_factor option could only be specified in multiprocessing.' 
                         'let num_workers > 0 to enable multiprocessing, otherwise set prefetch_factor to None.')

成功运行起来了！这是跑示例遇到的最后一个坑！感谢！