HiveSQL——用户中两人一定认识的组合数

news2025/1/19 2:38:01

注：参考文章：

SQL之用户中两人一定认识的组合数--HQL面试题36【快手数仓面试题】_sql面试题-快手-CSDN博客文章浏览阅读1.2k次，点赞3次，收藏12次。目录0 需求分析1 数据准备2 数据分析3 小结0 需求分析设表名：table0现有城市网吧访问数据，字段：网吧id，访客id（身份证号），上线时间，下线时间规则1、如果有两个用户在一家网吧的前后上下线时间在10分钟以内，则两人可能认识规则2、如果这两个用户在三家以上网..._sql面试题-快手https://blog.csdn.net/godlovedaniel/article/details/119155757

0 问题描述

现有一张表table21, 里面装载城市网吧访问数据，字段：网吧id, 访客id(身份证号)，上线时间、下线时间

规则1：如果有两个用户在一家网吧的前后上线时间在10分钟内，则两人可能认识；

规则2：如果这两个用户在三家以上网吧出现【规则1】的情况，则两人一定认识

需求：该城市上网用户中两人一定认识的组合数

1 数据准备

create table table21(
    wid string,
    uid string,
    ontime string,
    offtime string
)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';

 insert overwrite table table21 values
 (1,110001,'2020-01-01 11:10:00','2020-01-01 11:15:00')
,(1,110001,'2020-01-01 11:18:00','2020-01-01 11:23:00')
,(1,110002,'2020-01-01 12:10:00','2020-01-01 13:15:00')
,(1,110001,'2020-01-01 12:11:00','2020-01-01 13:10:00')
,(1,110003,'2020-01-01 12:15:00','2020-01-01 13:15:00')
,(1,110004,'2020-01-01 12:16:00','2020-01-01 13:18:00')

,(2,110001,'2020-01-02 12:10:00','2020-01-02 12:30:00')
,(2,110001,'2020-01-02 12:50:00','2020-01-02 13:05:00')
,(2,110002,'2020-01-02 12:52:00','2020-01-02 12:55:00')
,(2,110003,'2020-01-02 12:58:00','2020-01-02 13:20:00')
,(2,110004,'2020-01-02 13:00:00','2020-01-02 13:10:00')

,(3,110001,'2020-01-03 12:10:00','2020-01-03 12:30:00')
,(3,110003,'2020-01-03 12:55:00','2020-01-03 13:02:00')
,(3,110001,'2020-01-03 12:50:00','2020-01-03 12:55:00')
,(3,110002,'2020-01-03 13:00:00','2020-01-03 13:01:00')
,(3,110004,'2020-01-03 12:58:00','2020-01-03 13:03:00')
,(3,110002,'2020-01-03 13:20:00','2020-01-03 13:25:00');

2 数据分析

根据规则1和规则2，求城市上网用户中两人一定认识的组合数，就是指两两相识的组合数。对于这种两两组合数一般用自关联，通过自关联将尽可能的情况表示出来，然后按照条件筛选数据

step1:表自关联计算，得到所有相遇的情况：(笛卡尔积)

select *
from table21 as t0
join table21 as t1;

step2：根据规则1，得出可能的结果：

 select
     t0.wid as t0_wid,
     t0.uid as t0_uid,
     t1.wid as t1_wid,
     t1.uid as t1_uid
 from table21 as t0
  join table21 as t1
 where t0.wid = t1.wid
   and (abs(unix_timestamp(t0.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
     - unix_timestamp(t1.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600 or
        abs(unix_timestamp(t0.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
            - unix_timestamp(t1.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600)
   and t0.uid > t1.uid

上述代码用到的函数：

unix_timestamp(日期转时间戳函数)
语法：unix_timestamp(string date) 、unix_timestamp(string date,string pattern)
返回值：bigint
说明：将格式为"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"的日期转换成 unix的时间戳。如果转换失败，则返回值为0；
举例：select unix_timestamp('20240201 20:17:11','yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss') --> 1706825843

abs(unix_timestamp(t0.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss') - unix_timestamp(t1.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600 代表的意思是：两个用户在一家网吧的前后上线时间在10分钟内（10分钟也就是600秒）

ps： 需要将同一网吧中可能两两相识的人筛选出来，所以【用户A、用户B】与【用户B、用户A】实际上是一样的，只需要选出 t0.uid > t1.uid 即可（去重取一）

step3：根据step2，可以将同一网吧中可能两两相识的人筛选出来，将互相认识的人组合成一个key，通过该key来判断该两人是否满足规则2。具体sql如下：

 select
    t0_wid,
     -- 将可能互相认识的人的uid拼接起来，组成key值（uuid）
    concat_ws('~', t0_uid, t1_uid) as uuid
from (
        select
             t0.wid as t0_wid,
             t0.uid as t0_uid,
             t1.wid as t1_wid,
             t1.uid as t1_uid
         from table21 as t0
          join table21 as t1
         where t0.wid = t1.wid
           and (abs(unix_timestamp(t0.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
             - unix_timestamp(t1.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600 or
                abs(unix_timestamp(t0.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
                    - unix_timestamp(t1.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600)
           and t0.uid > t1.uid
     ) t2

step4：对【两人一定认识】记录进行打标签，记为 1

select
    uuid,
    -- 对【两人一定认识】记录进行打标签，记为 1
    if(count(t0_wid) >=3,1,0) as flag
    from
(
    select
    t0_wid,
     -- 将可能互相认识的人的uid拼接起来，组成key值（uuid）
    concat_ws('~', t0_uid, t1_uid) as uuid
from (
        select
             t0.wid as t0_wid,
             t0.uid as t0_uid,
             t1.wid as t1_wid,
             t1.uid as t1_uid
         from table21 as t0
          join table21 as t1
         where t0.wid = t1.wid
           and (abs(unix_timestamp(t0.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
             - unix_timestamp(t1.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600 or
                abs(unix_timestamp(t0.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
                    - unix_timestamp(t1.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600)
           and t0.uid > t1.uid
     ) t2
)t3
group by  uuid;

step4：计算满足规则1和规则2的记录总数，得出结果为6条

select
    count(1) as cnt
from (
         select
             uuid,
              -- 对【两人一定认识】记录进行打标签，记为 1
             if(count(t0_wid) >= 3, 1, 0) as flag
         from (
                  select
                      t0_wid,
                      -- 将可能互相认识的人的uid拼接起来，组成key值（uuid）
                      concat_ws('~', t0_uid, t1_uid) as uuid
                  from (
                           select
                               t0.wid as t0_wid,
                               t0.uid as t0_uid,
                               t1.wid as t1_wid,
                               t1.uid as t1_uid
                           from table21 as t0
                                    join table21 as t1
                           where t0.wid = t1.wid
                             and (abs(unix_timestamp(t0.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
                               - unix_timestamp(t1.ontime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600 or
                                  abs(unix_timestamp(t0.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
                                      - unix_timestamp(t1.offtime, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')) < 600)
                             and t0.uid > t1.uid
                       ) t2
              ) t3
         group by uuid
     ) t4;