废话不多说，直接上代码

整体代码

<template>
    <div id="cesiumContainer" style="height: 100vh;"></div>
    <div id="toolbar" style="position: fixed;top:20px;left:220px;">
       <el-breadcrumb>
          <el-breadcrumb-item>地图示例</el-breadcrumb-item>
          <el-breadcrumb-item>高德地图</el-breadcrumb-item>
       </el-breadcrumb>
    </div>
</template>
<script setup>
import {onMounted} from "vue";
import * as Cesium from "cesium";
import InitCesium from "../js/InitCesium.js";

onMounted(() => {
    let initCesium = new InitCesium('cesiumContainer')
    let viewer = initCesium.initViewer({});
    let img_arcgis = new Cesium.UrlTemplateImageryProvider({
       name: 'img_arcgis',
       url: 'https://webst02.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?style=6&x={x}&y={y}&z={z}'
    });

    let layer = viewer.imageryLayers;
    layer.removeAll();
    layer.addImageryProvider(img_arcgis);
})
</script>
<style scoped>
#cesiumContainer {
    overflow: hidden;
}
</style>
<style>
.el-breadcrumb__inner {
    color: #ffffff !important;
}
</style>

InitCesium.js

import * as Cesium from "cesium";

class InitCesium {

    constructor(cesiumContainer, options) {
        this.cesiumContainer = cesiumContainer;
    }

    initViewer(options) {
        Cesium.Ion.defaultAccessToken = 'token';
        return new Cesium.Viewer(this.cesiumContainer, options);
    }
}

export default InitCesium