后端 API 接口文档 Swagger 使用

news2024/11/10 12:56:59

Swagger 是什么

swagger是一款可以根据 restful 风格生成的接口开发文档，并且支持做测试的一款中间软件。
例如当我们在开发前后端分离项目时，当后端开发完一个功能想要测试时，若此时还没有相应的前端页面发起请求，可以通过 swagger 进行测试(功能类似于 postman)。

使用

这里以 knife4j 为例演示下怎么使用（knife4j可以看作是Swagger的升级版，但是界面比Swagger更好看，功能更丰富）。

导入坐标

首先需要在 pom.xml 中导入 knife4j 坐标，如下

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
    <artifactId>knife4j-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置

package com.sky.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;

/**
 * 配置类，注册web层相关组件
 */
@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class WebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

    /**
     * 通过knife4j生成接口文档
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Docket docket() {
        ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("苍穹外卖项目接口文档")
                .version("2.0")
                .description("苍穹外卖项目接口文档")
                .build();
        Docket docket = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo)
                .select()
                //  指定扫描的包路径来定义指定要建立API文档的控制器类或方法
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.sky.controller"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
        return docket;
    }

    /**
     * 设置静态资源映射
     * @param registry
     */
    protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler("/doc.html").addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/");
    }
}

编写 Controller

package com.sky.controller.admin;

import com.sky.constant.JwtClaimsConstant;
import com.sky.dto.EmployeeLoginDTO;
import com.sky.entity.Employee;
import com.sky.properties.JwtProperties;
import com.sky.result.Result;
import com.sky.service.EmployeeService;
import com.sky.utils.JwtUtil;
import com.sky.vo.EmployeeLoginVO;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 员工管理
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/admin/employee")
@Slf4j
public class EmployeeController {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeService employeeService;
    @Autowired
    private JwtProperties jwtProperties;

    /**
     * 登录
     *
     * @param employeeLoginDTO
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Result<EmployeeLoginVO> login(@RequestBody EmployeeLoginDTO employeeLoginDTO) {
        log.info("员工登录：{}", employeeLoginDTO);

        Employee employee = employeeService.login(employeeLoginDTO);

        //登录成功后，生成jwt令牌
        Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
        claims.put(JwtClaimsConstant.EMP_ID, employee.getId());
        String token = JwtUtil.createJWT(
                jwtProperties.getAdminSecretKey(),
                jwtProperties.getAdminTtl(),
                claims);

        EmployeeLoginVO employeeLoginVO = EmployeeLoginVO.builder()
                .id(employee.getId())
                .userName(employee.getUsername())
                .name(employee.getName())
                .token(token)
                .build();

        return Result.success(employeeLoginVO);
    }

    /**
     * 退出
     *
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/logout")
    public Result<String> logout() {
        return Result.success();
    }

}