使用pyqt5做一个串口工具
- 一、设计界面
- 二、功能代码实现
一、设计界面
界面使用qtdesigner设计,然后在转成Python代码,以下是转好后的代码
untitled_serial.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'untitled_serial.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.10
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again. Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
MainWindow.setStyleSheet("\"background-color: red; border-radius: 50%;\"")
self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(310, 20, 141, 61))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("Algerian")
font.setPointSize(24)
self.label.setFont(font)
self.label.setObjectName("label")
self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.centralwidget)
self.comboBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 90, 91, 21))
self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")
self.comboBox.addItem("")
self.comboBox.addItem("")
self.comboBox.addItem("")
self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(280, 90, 61, 20))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("Algerian")
font.setPointSize(12)
self.label_2.setFont(font)
self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(280, 130, 61, 21))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("Algerian")
font.setPointSize(12)
self.label_3.setFont(font)
self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
self.comboBox_2 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.centralwidget)
self.comboBox_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 130, 91, 21))
self.comboBox_2.setObjectName("comboBox_2")
self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(252, 480, 151, 21))
self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(420, 480, 75, 23))
self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
self.pushButton_open_serial = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.pushButton_open_serial.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(300, 180, 75, 23))
self.pushButton_open_serial.setObjectName("pushButton_open_serial")
self.pushButton_close_serial = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.pushButton_close_serial.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(390, 180, 75, 23))
self.pushButton_close_serial.setObjectName("pushButton_close_serial")
self.label_view = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_view.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(270, 180, 21, 21))
self.label_view.setAutoFillBackground(False)
self.label_view.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\n"
"")
self.label_view.setText("")
self.label_view.setObjectName("label_view")
self.listWidget = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.listWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 250, 256, 192))
self.listWidget.setObjectName("listWidget")
self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 220, 81, 20))
self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")
self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(260, 450, 81, 21))
self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
self.checkBox = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.centralwidget)
self.checkBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 220, 131, 21))
self.checkBox.setObjectName("checkBox")
self.checkBox_2 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.centralwidget)
self.checkBox_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(350, 450, 121, 21))
self.checkBox_2.setObjectName("checkBox_2")
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 23))
self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "串口工具"))
self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "串口工具"))
self.comboBox.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "115200"))
self.comboBox.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "9600"))
self.comboBox.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "38400"))
self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "波特率:"))
self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "串口号:"))
self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "发送"))
self.pushButton_open_serial.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "打开串口"))
self.pushButton_close_serial.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "关闭串口"))
self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "数据显示格式:"))
self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "数据发送格式:"))
self.checkBox.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "ASCII(默认)/HEX"))
self.checkBox_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "ASCII(默认)/HEX"))
二、功能代码实现
上面设计好了界面项目就要对串口功能实现,界面和功能代码我这边是分开文件来写,如果写成一个文件每次在界面转python代码过程中那些数据就会丢失,分开写就不会存在这样的烦恼。
untitled_seria_action.py
import untitled_serial
import serial
import serial.tools.list_ports
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QFileDialog, QMessageBox, QListWidget, QListWidgetItem,QListView
from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread, pyqtSignal #添加线程头文件
from datetime import datetime
class SerialThread(QThread): #创建一个串口线程类
ser=''
stop_event = False
port=""
baudrate=""
choose_view = False # 判断是选择hex显示字符串显示
choose_send =False #判断是选择hex发送还是字符串发送
data_received = pyqtSignal(str)#创建线程传输字符串数据
def __init__(self, port, baudrate):
super().__init__()
self.port = port
self.baudrate = baudrate
self.serial_start(self.port,self.baudrate)
def serial_start(self, port, baudrate):
print("串口已经运行")
self._stop_event = False
self.ser = serial.Serial(port, baudrate, timeout=1)
def run(self):
while not self._stop_event:
if self.ser.in_waiting:
if self.choose_view:
dataReady = self.ser.read_all().hex()
else:
#dataReady=self.ser.readline().decode('utf-8')
dataReady = self.ser.read_all().decode('utf-8')
print(dataReady)
# data = self.ser.readline().decode('utf-8').strip()
self.data_received.emit(dataReady)
def write(self, data):
if self.choose_send:
if len(data)%2==1:#判断输入的数据是否是1位
data='0'+data
self.ser.write(bytes.fromhex(data))#输入16进制
else:
self.ser.write(data.encode('utf-8'))#输入asicc
def serial_stop(self):
self._stop_event = True
self.ser.close()
def state(self): #状态函数,判断串口是否打开
if not self._stop_event:
return True
else:
return False
class serialaction(untitled_serial.Ui_MainWindow,QMainWindow):
serial_thread=""
def __init__(self):
super(untitled_serial.Ui_MainWindow,self).__init__()
self.setupUi(self)
ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()#获取串口号
for port in ports: #通过for循环批量打印出串口号
item =port.device
self.comboBox_2.addItem(item) #将串口号添加到comboBox控件里面
self.pushButton_open_serial.clicked.connect(self.open_serial)#创建槽函数
self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.send_data)
self.bote_value = self.comboBox.currentText() # 获取选的串口波特率
self.combo_value = self.comboBox_2.currentText() # 获取选的串口号
self.pushButton_close_serial.clicked.connect(self.serial_close) # 将线程信号连接到槽函数
self.checkBox.clicked.connect(self.check_choose_view)
self.checkBox_2.clicked.connect(self.check_choose_send) # 判断是否选择hex发送
def open_serial(self): #打开串口
self.serial_thread = SerialThread(self.combo_value, self.bote_value) # 创建串口线程
self.serial_thread.data_received.connect(self.display_data) # 将线程信号连接到槽函数
self.label_view.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgb(0, 255, 0);")
if self.serial_thread._stop_event == True: # 判断串口是否打开
self.bote_value = self.comboBox.currentText() # 获取选的串口波特率
self.combo_value = self.comboBox_2.currentText() # 获取选的串口号
self.serial_thread.serial_start( self.combo_value,self.bote_value)#再次启动串口
self.serial_thread.start()#启动线程
self.listWidget.addItem("串口打开\n")#设置数据显示在界面
self.listWidget.setCurrentRow(self.listWidget.count() - 1)#设置显示最后一行
def serial_close(self):
self.serial_thread.serial_stop()
self.label_view.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);")
self.listWidget.addItem("串口关闭\n")#设置数据显示在界面
self.listWidget.setCurrentRow(self.listWidget.count() - 1)#设置显示最后一行
def display_data(self,data):
current_time = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') # 获取系统时间
self.listWidget.addItem(current_time+"\n"+data+"\n")#设置数据显示在界面
self.listWidget.setCurrentRow(self.listWidget.count() - 1)#设置显示最后一行
def send_data(self):
if (self.serial_thread._stop_event):#判断串口是否打开,如果未打开给与提示
QMessageBox.information(self, "提示", "请先打开串口")
else:
data = self.lineEdit.text()
data = data + '\r\n'
self.serial_thread.write(data)
# self.lineEdit.clear()
def check_choose_view(self): #判断复选框是否选中
if self.checkBox.isChecked():#判断那种格式显示
self.serial_thread.choose_view = True
else:
self.serial_thread.choose_view = False
def check_choose_send(self):#判断那种格式输入
if self.checkBox_2.isChecked():
self.serial_thread.choose_send = True
else:
self.serial_thread.choose_send1 = False
# 主程序入口
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 这里是界面的入口,在这里需要定义QApplication对象,之后界面跳转时不用再重新定义,只需要调用show()函数即可
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
# 实例化
window = serialaction()
# 显示
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
下面是实现效果