1. 修改c_cpp_properties.json

    {
     "configurations": [
       {
         "name": "windows-gcc-x64",
         "includePath": [
           "${workspaceFolder}/**",
           "D:/mingw64/mingw64/include",
           "D:/openCV_win/build/install/include",
           "D:/openCV_win/build/install/include/opencv2"
         ],
         "compilerPath": "D:/mingw64/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe",
         "cStandard": "${default}",
         "cppStandard": "${default}",
         "intelliSenseMode": "windows-gcc-x64",
         "compilerArgs": [
           ""
         ]
       }
     ],
     "version": 4
   }
   

2. 修改tasks.json

   {
       "tasks": [
           {
               "type": "cppbuild",
               "label": "C/C++: g++.exe 生成活动文件",
               "command": "D:\\mingw64\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",
               "args": [
                   "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                   "-g",
                   "${file}",
                   "-o",
                   "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                   "-I", "D:/openCV_win/build/install/include/",
                   "-I", "D:/openCV_win/build/install/include/opencv2/",
                   "-L", "D:/openCV_win/build/install/x64/mingw/bin/lib*"
               ],
               "options": {
                   "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
               },
               "problemMatcher": [
                   "$gcc"
               ],
               "group": {
                   "kind": "build",
                   "isDefault": true
               },
               "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
           }
       ],
       "version": "2.0.0"
   }
   

3. launch.json

   {
     "version": "0.2.0",
     "configurations": [
       {
         "name": "C/C++ Runner: Debug Session",
         "type": "cppdbg",
         "request": "launch",
         "args": [],
         "stopAtEntry": false,
         "externalConsole": true,
         "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
         "program": "${workspaceFolder}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
         "MIMode": "gdb",
         "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
         "setupCommands": [
           {
             "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
             "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
             "ignoreFailures": true
           }
         ]
       }
     ]
   }
   

4. 新建test.cpp

    #include <iostream>
   #include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
   using namespace std;
   
   int main() {
       std::cout << "Hello, World start" << std::endl;
       cv::Mat img = cv::imread("C:/Users/Pictures/nba/724224.jpg");
       cv::imshow("img", img);
       cv::waitKey(0);
       std::cout << "Hello, World end" << std::endl;
       return 0;
   }
   

如果F5出错
Unexpected GDB output from command “-exec-run”.
需要修改mingw64的环境变量到git前
运行效果：