mostly from Simon’s methods and techniques
remember
- the task is describe what you see, not give an opinion. Just write a report.
- no conclusion, just a summary(the overview)
Question type
小作文的题目类型大致如上
Simon所述,在描述数字的时候:1. describe;2. 对数组进行compare;3. 描述changes/trends
Line Graph
Simon的意思大致是:不要用一段去单独描述某一条line,要确保描述compare
make 2 comparison
first
Simon也提到:but you could put summary paragraph at the end or after the introduction of paragraph 2
second
for example
4paragraphs
例题如上
introduction
上面的一段话是普通版本的
下面是Simon修改过的:1. 强调compare;2. 带上了一点文采(different sources & over a period of 32 years)
overview
2句话:一句话描述最高(表现最好)的线,另一句话描述最低(表现最差)的线。但是需要尽量阐释其代表的含义在这里是:最高的线代表是生产电力最多的方法、而最低的则是生产电力最少的方法
paragraph 3
值得注意的:第3段提到了1980、Just one year later(时间)并对4条line都进行了描述negligible可忽略的
更概括地说,提出一个点(可能是x=0 or 某一个点line A 与 line B 相交),接着描述4条线在这些点的情况
一些tips:
简单来说:就算不能从图表中获取信息并直接写下来,获取完之后,需要思考(或者添加一些修饰)
paragraph 4
saw only a small rise
这段关注:
p
e
a
k
peak
peak(某
l
i
n
e
line
line达到最高点dramatically increase
)、
l
o
w
p
o
i
n
t
low\ point
low point(by contrast
)。出发点相较于
p
a
r
a
g
r
a
p
h
4
paragraph\ 4
paragraph 4(以时间出发),这部分以
e
v
e
r
y
l
i
n
e
every\ line
every line出发,并着重
p
e
a
k
peak
peak、
l
o
w
p
o
i
n
t
low\ point
low point、
s
t
a
b
l
e
stable
stable、
r
e
m
a
i
n
remain
remain……的状态描述
no conclusion
bar charts
例题如下:
写作思路类似 l i n e g r a p h line\ graph line graph :1. i n t r o d u c t i o n introduction introduction,2. o v e r v i e w overview overview,3. d e t a i l s details details,4. d e t a i l s details details
first paragraph
同样:1. 强调
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
compare
compare 2.
g
l
o
b
a
l
s
a
l
e
s
global\ sales
global sales——
s
o
l
d
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
sold\ worldwide
sold worldwide 3.
t
o
p
f
i
v
e
top\ five
top five——
f
i
v
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
l
a
r
five\ most\ popular
five most popular
second paragraph
找到:1.
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
highest
highest最高(多)的点;2. 找到上升(下降)趋势
third paragraph
标记颜色的短语是需要注意的高级用法
tips:1. 点明数字(450 m i l l i o n million million)2. 作比较( N o k i a Nokia Nokia高的时候和 S a m s u n g Samsung Samsung作比较 d o u b l e double double, N o k i a Nokia Nokia低的时候和 S a m s u n g Samsung Samsung作比较)3. 体现出时间变化( c h a n g e s o v e r t i m e changes\ over\ time changes over time)
four paragraph
pie charts
例题如下:
first paragraph
开头都是:
t
h
e
p
i
e
(
b
a
r
…
…
)
c
h
a
r
t
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
the\ pie(bar……)\ charts\ compare
the pie(bar……) charts compare
表达时间的部分:
i
n
t
h
e
y
e
a
r
s
x
x
x
in\ the\ years\ xxx
in the years xxx,
o
v
e
r
a
p
e
r
i
o
d
t
i
m
e
o
f
x
x
x
y
e
a
r
s
over\ a\ period\ time\ of\ xxx\ years
over a period time of xxx years
second paragraph
2个观点:1. 谈及
s
i
m
i
l
a
r
i
t
y
similarity
similarity 2. 谈及
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
difference
difference
n
o
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
no\ numbers
no numbers
third paragraph
S
i
m
o
n
Simon
Simon 提到了使用
o
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
overview
overview 中的2个观点来写3,4段(但同时他也说不适合所有的题目)
这里他用到了
o
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
overview
overview 中的
s
i
m
i
l
a
r
i
t
y
similarity
similarity 的观点来写
four paragraph
首先谈到了
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
difference
difference。最后,简要提到剩下几个点的情况(所有应该是要所有的点都涉及到,不能丢掉哪一个)
tips
vocabulary
tables
例题如下:
first paragraph
second paragraph
third paragraph
谈到时间:
2012
&
2013
2012\&2013
2012&2013,5个国家也不能少
讲出具体数字并作比较(
w
h
i
l
e
while
while)
讲
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
o
v
e
r
t
i
m
e
changes\ over\ time
changes over time
但是只讲了一个点:
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
t
o
u
r
i
s
t
s
number\ of\ tourists
number of tourists
fourth paragraph
tips
vocabulary
Comparing two different charts
例题如下
introduction
要描述2张图的情况
overview
注意要:
n
o
n
u
m
b
e
r
no\ number
no number
third paragraph
前置:
b
a
r
c
h
a
r
t
bar\ chart
bar chart,要把2个表分开来讨论
仍然:提到所有的属性(
d
r
a
m
a
drama
drama,
p
a
i
n
t
i
n
g
painting
painting,
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
language
language,
s
c
u
l
p
t
u
r
e
sculpture
sculpture)
具体数字:
40
f
e
m
a
l
e
a
n
d
20
m
a
l
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
40\ female\ and\ 20\ male\ students
40 female and 20 male students
fourth paragraph
开头提到:
p
i
e
c
h
a
r
t
pie\ chart
pie chart
这一部分忽略掉了30-39的点(我觉得自己写的时候还是加上吧)
vocabulary
process diagram
第2点(
p
a
s
s
i
v
e
v
e
r
b
passive\ verb
passive verb被动句式):
t
h
e
g
l
a
s
s
e
s
i
s
p
a
s
s
e
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
g
r
i
n
d
i
n
g
m
a
c
h
i
n
e
the\ glasses\ is\ passed\ through\ a\ grinding\ machine
the glasses is passed through a grinding machine
例题如下:
introduction
没有
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
compare
compare
overview
detail
注意:
p
a
s
s
i
v
e
v
e
r
b
a
n
d
s
t
e
p
s
′
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
passive\ verb\ and\ steps'\ language
passive verb and steps′ language
detail
comparison diagram(map)
例题如下:
introduction
overview
1件变化,1件不变
detail
描述消失的部分
detail
描述新添加的部分